{"data": {"id": 129221, "accession_number": "1952.113", "share_license_status": "CC0", "tombstone": "The Laundress, 1888. Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec (French, 1864\u20131901). Black and gray wash with white paint, scratched away in places, on gray cardboard prepared with white ground; sheet: 75.9 x 63.1 cm (29 7/8 x 24 13/16 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift of the Hanna Fund, 1952.113", "current_location": null, "title": "The Laundress", "creation_date": "1888", "creation_date_earliest": 1888, "creation_date_latest": 1888, "artists_tags": ["male"], "culture": ["France, 19th century"], "technique": "black and gray wash with white paint, scratched away in places, on gray cardboard prepared with white ground", "support_materials": [{"description": "gray cardboard prepared with a white ground", "watermarks": []}], "department": "Drawings", "collection": "DR - French", "type": "Drawing", "measurements": "Sheet: 75.9 x 63.1 cm (29 7/8 x 24 13/16 in.)", "dimensions": {"sheet": {"height": 0.759, "height_inch": 29, "height_inch_fraction": 0.875, "width": 0.631, "width_inch": 24, "width_inch_fraction": 0.8125}}, "state_of_the_work": null, "edition_of_the_work": null, "copyright": null, "inscriptions": [{"inscription": "signed, lower right, in brush and ink and black crayon: T-Lautrec; inscribed, on verso, upper center, in graphite: M", "inscription_translation": null, "inscription_remark": null, "sortorder": null}], "exhibitions": {"current": [{"id": 361398, "title": "Toulouse-Lautrec: Exhibition Organized in Collaboration with the Albi Museum", "description": "<i>Toulouse-Lautrec: Exhibition Organized in Collaboration with the Albi Museum</i>. Philadelphia Museum of Art (organizer) (October 29-December 11, 1955); The Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, IL (January 2-February 15, 1956).", "opening_date": "1955-10-29T04:00:00"}, {"id": 360866, "title": "Toulouse-Lautrec: Paintings, Drawings, Posters and Lithographs", "description": "<i>Toulouse-Lautrec: Paintings, Drawings, Posters and Lithographs</i>. The Museum of Modern Art, New York, NY (organizer) (March 20-May 6, 1956).", "opening_date": "1956-03-20T05:00:00"}, {"id": 300857, "title": "Art: The International Language", "description": "<i>Art: The International Language</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art (October 2-November 4, 1956).", "opening_date": "1956-10-02T04:00:00"}, {"id": 301184, "title": "Department of Prints and Drawings Opening Exhibition", "description": "<i>Department of Prints and Drawings Opening Exhibition</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art (organizer) (March 3, 1958-October 11, 1959).", "opening_date": "1958-03-03T05:00:00"}, {"id": 519406, "title": "French Drawings of the 1800's", "description": "<i>French Drawings of the 1800's</i>. University of Michigan Museum of Art, Ann Arbor, MI (organizer) (April 22-May 29, 1962).", "opening_date": "1962-04-22T05:00:00"}, {"id": 361400, "title": "A Generation of Draughtsmen", "description": "<i>A Generation of Draughtsmen</i>. University of Michigan Museum of Art, Ann Arbor, MI (organizer) (April 25-May 29, 1962).", "opening_date": "1962-04-25T05:00:00"}, {"id": 304645, "title": "Drawings", "description": "<i>Drawings</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (January 11-September 10, 1963).", "opening_date": "1963-01-11T05:00:00"}, {"id": 361401, "title": "Toulouse-Lautrec", "description": "<i>Toulouse-Lautrec</i>. Wildenstein & Co., New York, NY (February 7-March 14, 1964).", "opening_date": "1964-02-07T05:00:00"}, {"id": 361386, "title": "19th and 20th Century Drawings", "description": "<i>19th and 20th Century Drawings</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (February 19-March 24, 1965).", "opening_date": "1965-02-19T05:00:00"}, {"id": 304726, "title": "French Drawings", "description": "<i>French Drawings</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (November 16, 1965-February 16, 1966).", "opening_date": "1965-11-16T05:00:00"}, {"id": 361402, "title": "Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, 1864-1901", "description": "<i>Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, 1864-1901</i>. MAK, the \u00d6sterreichisches Museum f\u00fcr angewandte Kunst/Gegenwartskunst, Vienna, Austria (organizer).", "opening_date": "1966-06-01T04:00:00"}, {"id": 516254, "title": "Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec", "description": "<i>Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec</i>. MAK, the \u00d6sterreichisches Museum f\u00fcr angewandte Kunst/Gegenwartskunst, Vienna, Austria (June 2-July 31, 1966).", "opening_date": "1966-06-02T04:00:00"}, {"id": 302152, "title": "The Vocabulary of Prints", "description": "<i>The Vocabulary of Prints</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (July 29-December 31, 1975).", "opening_date": "1975-07-29T04:00:00"}, {"id": 357309, "title": "Seventeenth-, Eighteenth-, and Early Nineteenth-Century Genre and French Prints and Drawings", "description": "<i>Seventeenth-, Eighteenth-, and Early Nineteenth-Century Genre and French Prints and Drawings</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (May 31-August 19, 1979).", "opening_date": "1979-05-31T04:00:00"}, {"id": 361399, "title": "Vincent van Gogh and the Birth of Cloisonism", "description": "<i>Vincent van Gogh and the Birth of Cloisonism</i>. Art Gallery of Ontario, Ontario M5T 1G4, Canada (organizer) (January 24-March 22, 1981); Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam, Netherlands (April 9-June 14, 1981).", "opening_date": "1981-01-24T05:00:00"}, {"id": 309584, "title": "Northern European Drawings from the Cleveland Museum of Art", "description": "<i>Northern European Drawings from the Cleveland Museum of Art</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (November 16, 1982-January 9, 1983).", "opening_date": "1982-11-16T05:00:00"}, {"id": 192019, "title": "Master Drawings from the Cleveland Museum of Art", "description": "<i>Master Drawings from the Cleveland Museum of Art</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (August 27-October 17, 2000); The Morgan Library & Museum, New York, NY (May 23-August 19, 2001); Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, Houston, TX (October 14, 2001-January 6, 2002).", "opening_date": "2000-08-27T00:00:00"}, {"id": 200460, "title": "Mary Cassatt and the Feminine Ideal in 19th-Century Paris", "description": "<i>Mary Cassatt and the Feminine Ideal in 19th-Century Paris</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art (organizer) (October 14, 2012-January 20, 2013).", "opening_date": "2012-10-04T00:00:00"}, {"id": 324628, "title": "Nineteenth-Century French Drawings from the Cleveland Museum of Art", "description": "<i>Nineteenth-Century French Drawings from the Cleveland Museum of Art</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (January 20-June 11, 2023).", "opening_date": "2023-01-19T05:00:00"}, {"id": 371563, "title": "Degas and the Laundress: Women, Work, and Impressionism", "description": "<i>Degas and the Laundress: Women, Work, and Impressionism</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (October 8, 2023-January 14, 2024).", "opening_date": "2023-10-08T04:00:00"}], "legacy": [{"description": "<em>Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, 1864\u20131901</em>. \u00d6sterreichisches Museum f\u00fcr Angewandte Kunst, Vienna (June\u2013July 1966).", "opening_date": "1966-07-01T00:00:00"}]}, "provenance": [{"description": "Roger Marx [1859\u20131913], Paris", "citations": [], "footnotes": ["<div><!--block-->Marx's stamp (not in Lugt) was on an old backing board, now lost, recorded in CMA files.</div>"], "date": "?-1914", "sortorder": 1}, {"description": "(his sale, Galerie Manzi-Joyant, Paris, May 11\u201312, 1914, no. 222, sold to Simon Oppenheimer)", "citations": [], "footnotes": ["<div><!--block-->Sold for 7,000 F, according to annotated sale catalogue, Institut National d'Histoire de l'Art, Paris.</div>"], "date": "1914", "sortorder": 2}, {"description": "(Simon Oppenheimer, Germany, sold to Otto Gerstenberg, Berlin)", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "After 1914", "sortorder": 3}, {"description": "Otto Gerstenberg [1848\u20131935], Berlin, by descent to Margarethe Scharf, Berlin", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "1914-1935", "sortorder": 4}, {"description": "Margarethe Scharf [1889\u20131961], Berlin", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "1935-1936", "sortorder": 5}, {"description": "Deposited in Statens Museum for Kunst, Copenhagen", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "1936-1950", "sortorder": 6}, {"description": "(Jean-Pierre Durand-Matthiesen, Geneva)", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "1951-1952", "sortorder": 7}, {"description": "(M. Knoedler & Co., New York, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art)", "citations": [], "footnotes": ["<div><!--block-->Inventory no. WCA1442. M. Knoedler &amp; Co. records, Getty Research Institute Special Collections.</div>"], "date": "1952", "sortorder": 8}, {"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "1952-", "sortorder": 9}], "find_spot": null, "related_works": [], "former_accession_numbers": [], "did_you_know": "To create this drawing, Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec painted a board white and then both scraped the material away in areas and drew with black ink to create a variety of tones throughout the image.", "early_education_description": null, "artlens_description": null, "description": "Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec produced this drawing to illustrate an article about Parisian summers. It presents the type of poorly paid worker who remained in the city while others traveled to escape the urban heat. Because the image was to be reproduced in black and white, Toulouse-Lautrec thinned and brushed ink, scraping into it to expose fine white highlights. Like several artworks in Cleveland\u2019s collection, the drawing was formerly owned by Roger Marx, a French collector, curator, and art critic who built perhaps the most substantial holdings of Toulouse-Lautrec\u2019s work around the turn of the century.", "external_resources": {"wikidata": ["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60780947"], "internet_archive": ["https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1952.113-the-laundress"]}, "citations": [{"citation": "Michelet, \u00c9mile. \u201cL\u2019\u00c9t\u00e9 \u00e0 Paris.\u201d <em>Paris illustr\u00e9</em> 6 (1888).", "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 425", "url": null}, {"citation": "<em>Catalogue des tableaux, pastels, dessins, aquarelles </em>[. . .] <em>faisant partie de la collection Roger Marx</em>. Paris: Galerie Manzi-Joyant, 1914.", "page_number": "Mentioned: p. 105, no. 222; Reproduced: n.p.", "url": "bibliotheque-numerique.inha.fr/idviewer/22422/122"}, {"citation": "Astre, Achille. <em>H. de Toulouse-Lautrec</em>. Paris: Nilsson, 1926.", "page_number": "Mentioned: p. 96", "url": null}, {"citation": "Joyant, Maurice. <em>Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, 1964\u20131901: Dessins, estampes, affiches</em>. Paris: H. Floury, 1927.", "page_number": "Mentioned: pp. 191, 279; Reproduced: p. 17", "url": null}, {"citation": "Mack, Gerstle. <em>Toulouse-Lautrec</em>. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1938.", "page_number": "Mentioned: p. 293", "url": null}, {"citation": "Francis, Henry S. \"La Blanchisseuse by Toulouse-Lautrec.\" <em>Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art</em> 40, no. 3 (March 1953): 51-53.", "page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: pp. 51-53", "url": null}, {"citation": "Neugass, Fritz. \"Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec und der Kunstmarkt.\" <em>Weltkunst</em> 34 (March 1953): 139.", "page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 139", "url": null}, {"citation": "<em>Toulouse-Lautrec: Exhibition Organized in Collaboration with the Albi Museum</em>. Exh. cat. Philadelphia: Philadelphia Museum of Art, 1955.", "page_number": "Reproduced: no. 85", "url": null}, {"citation": "<em>Toulouse-Lautrec: Paintings, Drawings, Posters and Lithographs</em>. Exh. cat. New York: Museum of Modern Art, 1956.", "page_number": "Mentioned: p. 46, no. 51", "url": null}, {"citation": "Perruchot, Henri. <em>La vie de Toulouse-Lautrec</em>. Paris: Hachette, 1958.", "page_number": "Mentioned: p. 139", "url": null}, {"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. <em>The Cleveland Museum of Art Handbook.</em> Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1958.", "page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: cat. no. 605", "url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1958/page/n113"}, {"citation": "<em>In Memoriam: Leonard C. Hanna, Jr. </em>Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1958.", "page_number": "Mentioned: no. 108", "url": null}, {"citation": "Julien, Edouard, and Henri Focillon. <em>Dessins de Toulouse-Lautrec.</em> Lausanne: Mermod, 1959.", "page_number": "Mentioned: p. 68, under no. 17", "url": null}, {"citation": "<em>Collection M. L.: Ensemble exceptionnel d'estampes originales, livres illustre\u0301s, important dessin aux crayons de couleur de Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec</em>. Paris: Galerie Charpentier, 1959.", "page_number": "Mentioned: under no. 257", "url": null}, {"citation": "<em>A Generation of Draughtsmen.</em> Exh. cat. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Museum of Art, 1962.", "page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: no. 156, pl. XIIc (ill.)", "url": null}, {"citation": "Negri, Renata.<em> Toulouse-Lautrec, I maestri del colore</em>. Milan: Fabbri, 1964.", "page_number": "Reproduced: fig. 4", "url": null}, {"citation": "Huisman, Philippe and M. G. Dortu. <em>Lautrec by Lautrec</em>. New York: Galahad, 1964.", "page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 253", "url": null}, {"citation": "<em>Toulouse-Lautrec</em>. Exh. cat. New York: Wildenstein, 1964.", "page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: no. 64", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Neugass, Fritz. \u201cHenri de Toulouse-Lautrec und der Kunstmarkt.\u201d <em>Weltkunst</em> 34, no. 5 (March 1, 1964).", "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 139", "url": ""}, {"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. <em>Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1966</em>. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1966.", "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 179", "url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1966/page/n203"}, {"citation": "<em>Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, 1864\u20131901</em>. Exh. cat. Vienna: \u00d6sterreichisches Museum f\u00fcr Angewandte Kunst, 1966.", "page_number": "Mentioned: p. 66, no. 39", "url": null}, {"citation": "Novotny, Fritz. <em>Toulouse-Lautrec</em>. Translated by Michael Glenney. London: Phaidon, 1969.", "page_number": "Mentioned: p. 184, no. 15; Reproduced: plate 15", "url": null}, {"citation": "Sugana, G. M. <em>The Complete Paintings of Toulouse-Lautrec</em>. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1969.", "page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 101, no. 223", "url": null}, {"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. <em>Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1969</em>. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1969.", "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 179", "url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1969/page/n203"}, {"citation": "Dortu, M. G. <em>Toulouse-Lautrec et son \u0153uvre</em>. New York: Collectors Editions, 1971.", "page_number": "Mentioned: vol. 5, p. 492, no. D3.029; Reproduced: p. 493", "url": null}, {"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. <em>Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1978</em>. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1978.", "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 222", "url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1978/page/n242"}, {"citation": "Thomson, Richard. <em>Toulouse-Lautrec</em>. London: Universal Books, 1980.", "page_number": "Mentioned: p. 46", "url": null}, {"citation": "Welsh-Ovcharov, Bogomila. <em>Vincent van Gogh and the Birth of Cloisonism</em>. Exh. cat. Toronto: Art Gallery of Ontario, 1981.", "page_number": "Mentioned: p. 336; Reproduced: p. 337", "url": null}, {"citation": "Cooper, Douglas. <em>Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec</em>. New York: Abrams, 1982.", "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 27", "url": null}, {"citation": "Adriani, Go\u0308tz. <em>Toulouse-Lautrec</em>. London: Thames and Hudson, 1987.", "page_number": "Mentioned: p. 76", "url": null}, {"citation": "Sonn, Richard D. <em>Anarchism and Cultural Politics in Fin de Sie\u0300cle France</em>. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1989.", "page_number": "Mentioned: pp. 156, pp. 322-23; Reproduced: p. 157", "url": null}, {"citation": "Schimmel, Herbert. <em>The Letters of Henri De Toulouse-Lautrec</em>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1991.", "page_number": "Mentioned: p. 126, under nos. 163 and 164", "url": null}, {"citation": "Julien, E\u0301douard. <em>Toulouse-Lautrec</em>. New York: Flammarion, 1991.", "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 84", "url": null}, {"citation": "<em>Toulouse-Lautrec</em>, 198 (ill.). Exh. cat. London: Hayward Gallery, 1991.", "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 198", "url": null}, {"citation": "Murray, Gale B. <em>Toulouse-Lautrec: The Formative Years, 1878\u20131891</em>. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1991.", "page_number": "Mentioned: pp. xvii, 167-70, 249; Reproduced: p. 168", "url": null}, {"citation": "Murray, Gale B. <em>Toulouse-Lautrec: A Retrospective</em>. New York: Hugh Lauter Levin, 1992.", "page_number": "Mentioned: p. 102; Reproduced: p. 103", "url": null}, {"citation": "Frey, Julia Bloch. <em>Toulouse-Lautrec: A Life</em>. London: Phoenix, 1994.", "page_number": "Mentioned: pp. 245-46", "url": null}, {"citation": "Mendelowitz, Daniel M., and Duane A. Wakeham. <em>A Guide to Drawing</em>. Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 2000.", "page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 37", "url": null}, {"citation": "DeGrazia, Diane and Carter E. Foster. <em>Master Drawings from the Cleveland Museum of Art</em>. Exh. cat. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2000.", "page_number": "Mentioned: pp. 140-141, p. 291, no. 56; Reproduced: p. 141", "url": null}, {"citation": "<em>Old Master, Modern &amp; Contemporary Prints</em>. London: Sotheby's, 2001.", "page_number": "Mentioned: p. 130, under no. 262", "url": null}, {"citation": "Scharf, Julietta, and Hanna Strzoda. <em>Die Historische Sammlung Otto Gerstenberg</em>. Berlin: Hatje Cantz, 2012.", "page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: vol. 2, p. 221, no. 1366", "url": null}, {"citation": "Prat, Louis-Antoine. \u201cL\u2019Enfer des Juliette.\u201d In <em>Toulouse-Lautrec: R\u00e9solument moderne</em>, edited by St\u00e9phane Gu\u00e9gan. Exh. cat. Paris: Mus\u00e9e d\u2019Orsay, 2019.", "page_number": "Mentioned: p. 287", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Toulouse-Lautrec, Henri de, Edgar Degas, and Florence Saragoza. Quand Toulouse-Lautrec regarde Degas. Albi : Muse\u0301e Toulouse-Lautrec, 2022.", "page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: pp. 61-62, fig. 32", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Salsbury, Britany. <em>Degas and the Laundress: Women, Work, and Impressionism</em> Exh. Cat. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2023.", "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 126, no.19", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Salsbury, Britany. <em>Nineteenth-Century French Drawings: The Cleveland Museum of Art</em>. Lewes, UK, Cleveland, Ohio: GILES; Cleveland Museum of Art, 2023.", "page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 158-161, no. 30", "url": ""}], "catalogue_raisonne": "Dortu D3.029", "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1952.113", "images": {"annotation": null, "web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1952.113/1952.113_web.jpg", "width": "749", "height": "900", "filesize": "231530", "filename": "1952.113_web.jpg"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1952.113/1952.113_print.jpg", "width": "2831", "height": "3400", "filesize": "2445219", "filename": "1952.113_print.jpg"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1952.113/1952.113_full.tif", "width": "4363", "height": "5239", "filesize": "68607524", "filename": "1952.113_full.tif"}}, "alternate_images": [], "creditline": "Gift of the Hanna Fund", "image_credit": null, "sketchfab_id": null, "sketchfab_url": null, "gallery_donor_text": null, "athena_id": 129221, "creators": [{"id": 1856, "description": "Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec (French, 1864\u20131901)", "extent": null, "qualifier": null, "role": "artist", "biography": null, "name_in_original_language": null, "birth_year": "1864", "death_year": "1901", "use_in_caption": true, "include_extent": false, "weight": 1}], "legal_status": "accessioned", "accession_date": "1952-03-27T00:00:00", "sortable_date": 1888, "date_added_to_oa": null, "date_text": "1888", "collapse_artists": false, "on_loan": false, "recently_acquired": false, "record_type": "object", "conservation_statement": null, "has_conservation_images": false, "cover_accession_number": null, "is_nazi_era_provenance": true, "impression": null, "alternate_titles": [], "is_highlight": false, "updated_at": "2026-10-15 11:29:43.619000"}}