{"data": {"id": 135341, "accession_number": "1958.344", "share_license_status": "CC0", "tombstone": "At the Concert Parisien, 1887\u201388. Georges Seurat (French, 1859\u20131891). Cont\u00e9 crayon heightened with white chalk on cream handmade modern laid paper; sheet: 31.4 x 23.6 cm (12 3/8 x 9 5/16 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Leonard C. Hanna Jr. Fund, 1958.344", "current_location": null, "title": "At the Concert Parisien", "creation_date": "1887\u201388", "creation_date_earliest": 1887, "creation_date_latest": 1888, "artists_tags": ["male"], "culture": ["France, 19th century"], "technique": "cont\u00e9 crayon heightened with white chalk on cream handmade modern laid paper", "support_materials": [{"description": "cream modern laid paper", "watermarks": ["MICHALLET"]}], "department": "Drawings", "collection": "DR - French", "type": "Drawing", "measurements": "Sheet: 31.4 x 23.6 cm (12 3/8 x 9 5/16 in.)", "dimensions": {"sheet": {"height": 0.314, "height_inch": 12, "height_inch_fraction": 0.375, "width": 0.236, "width_inch": 9, "width_inch_fraction": 0.3125}}, "state_of_the_work": null, "edition_of_the_work": null, "copyright": null, "inscriptions": [{"inscription": "inscribed on verso, at bottom, in blue crayon: G. Seurat / L (?) [upside down]; on verso, right center, in red crayon: 299 [posthumous inventory number]; watermark, upper left: MICHALLET", "inscription_translation": null, "inscription_remark": null, "sortorder": null}], "exhibitions": {"current": [{"id": 302020, "title": "Aspects of Drawing", "description": "<i>Aspects of Drawing</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (January 10-April 2, 1961).", "opening_date": "1961-01-10T05:00:00"}, {"id": 361386, "title": "19th and 20th Century Drawings", "description": "<i>19th and 20th Century Drawings</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (February 19-March 24, 1965).", "opening_date": "1965-02-19T05:00:00"}, {"id": 304726, "title": "French Drawings", "description": "<i>French Drawings</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (November 16, 1965-February 16, 1966).", "opening_date": "1965-11-16T05:00:00"}, {"id": 351191, "title": "Drawings", "description": "<i>Drawings</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (June 11-October 21, 1968).", "opening_date": "1968-06-11T04:00:00"}, {"id": 357309, "title": "Seventeenth-, Eighteenth-, and Early Nineteenth-Century Genre and French Prints and Drawings", "description": "<i>Seventeenth-, Eighteenth-, and Early Nineteenth-Century Genre and French Prints and Drawings</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (May 31-August 19, 1979).", "opening_date": "1979-05-31T04:00:00"}, {"id": 304520, "title": "Art and the Stage", "description": "<i>Art and the Stage</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (May 22-August 16, 1981).", "opening_date": "1981-05-22T04:00:00"}, {"id": 309513, "title": "Paper: The Continuous Thread", "description": "<i>Paper: The Continuous Thread</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (August 31-October 24, 1982).", "opening_date": "1982-08-31T04:00:00"}, {"id": 309655, "title": "National Schools of Style", "description": "<i>National Schools of Style</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (June 14-September 18, 1983).", "opening_date": "1983-06-14T04:00:00"}, {"id": 361471, "title": "Georges Seurat: Zeichnungen", "description": "<i>Georges Seurat: Zeichnungen</i>. Kunsthalle Bielefeld, D-33602 Bielefeld, Germany (organizer) (October 30-December 25, 1983); Kunsthaus Z\u00fcrich, CH-8024 Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland (March 27-May 15, 1984).", "opening_date": "1983-10-30T04:00:00"}, {"id": 311734, "title": "Treasures on Paper", "description": "<i>Treasures on Paper</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (May 10-July 24, 1988).", "opening_date": "1988-05-10T04:00:00"}, {"id": 361472, "title": "Georges Seurat, 1859-1891", "description": "<i>Georges Seurat, 1859-1891</i>. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, NY (September 24, 1991-January 12, 1992).", "opening_date": "1991-04-09T04:00:00"}, {"id": 311635, "title": "French Drawings from the Collection", "description": "<i>French Drawings from the Collection</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (December 13, 1994-March 12, 1995).", "opening_date": "1994-12-13T05:00:00"}, {"id": 192019, "title": "Master Drawings from the Cleveland Museum of Art", "description": "<i>Master Drawings from the Cleveland Museum of Art</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (August 27-October 17, 2000); The Morgan Library & Museum, New York, NY (May 23-August 19, 2001); Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, Houston, TX (October 14, 2001-January 6, 2002).", "opening_date": "2000-08-27T00:00:00"}, {"id": 175422, "title": "Georges Seurat: The Drawings", "description": "<i>Georges Seurat: The Drawings</i>. The Museum of Modern Art, New York, NY (organizer) (October 23, 2007-January 7, 2008).", "opening_date": "2007-10-23T00:00:00"}, {"id": 207443, "title": "Seurat\u2019s Circus Sideshow", "description": "<i>Seurat\u2019s Circus Sideshow</i>. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, NY (organizer) (February 17-May 29, 2017).", "opening_date": "2017-02-17T05:00:00"}, {"id": 324628, "title": "Nineteenth-Century French Drawings from the Cleveland Museum of Art", "description": "<i>Nineteenth-Century French Drawings from the Cleveland Museum of Art</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (January 20-June 11, 2023).", "opening_date": "2023-01-19T05:00:00"}], "legacy": [{"description": "Possibly <em>Exposition posthume Seurat. </em>La Revue Blanche, Paris (1892). [according to inscription on old backing].", "opening_date": null}, {"description": "Possibly <em>Les dessins de Georges Seurat</em> <em>1859-1891)</em>, Bernheim-Jeune, Paris (November 29 - December 24, 1926). [according to inscription on old backing].", "opening_date": "1926-11-29T00:00:00"}, {"description": "Van Diemen-Lilienfeld Galleries, New York (1937).", "opening_date": "1937-01-01T00:00:00"}, {"description": "<em>Exhibition of Drawings of the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries. </em>American-British Art Center, New York (January 5 - 22, 1944).", "opening_date": "1944-01-05T00:00:00"}, {"description": "<em>Seurat: His Drawings.</em> Buchholz Gallery, New York (March 4 - 29, 1947).", "opening_date": "1947-03-04T00:00:00"}]}, "provenance": [{"description": "Studio of the artist [1859-1891], Paris", "citations": [], "footnotes": ["<div><!--block-->Posthumous inv. no. 299 inscribed on verso.</div>"], "date": "1888-1891", "sortorder": 1}, {"description": "(Galerie Hessel, Paris)", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "by 1926", "sortorder": 2}, {"description": "(Van Diemen-Lilienfeld Galleries, New York, NY)", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "after 1926-by 1937", "sortorder": 3}, {"description": "(Buchholz Gallery, New York, NY)", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "after 1937-by 1944", "sortorder": 4}, {"description": "Alexander Bing [1879-1959], New York, NY", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "by 1944-1958", "sortorder": 5}, {"description": "(C\u00e9sar de Hauke, Paris, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art)", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "1958", "sortorder": 6}, {"description": "Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "1958-", "sortorder": 7}], "find_spot": null, "related_works": [], "former_accession_numbers": [], "did_you_know": "Despite Georges Seurat's brief lifespan, he created a large number of drawings, working almost exclusively with the waxy Cont\u00e9 crayon and textured paper used for this sheet.", "early_education_description": null, "artlens_description": null, "description": "Caf\u00e9-concerts were popular places of entertainment for the middle classes in Paris during the late 1800s and usually featured singers or other forms of vaudeville entertainers. Georges Seurat created eight drawings depicting caf\u00e9-concerts, some showing known establishments. This drawing has an innovative viewpoint, in which we peer through the bowler hats of male viewers listening to a female singer on stage. Seurat typically used a black crayon manufactured by the Cont\u00e9 company, and its waxy quality allowed him to exploit the texture of paper to striking effect.", "external_resources": {"wikidata": ["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60757372"], "internet_archive": ["https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1958.344-cafe-concert", "https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1958.344-at-the-concert-paris"]}, "citations": [{"citation": "<em>Trente ans d'art ind\u00e9pendant, 1884-1914</em>. Exh. Cat. Paris: Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 des artistes ind\u00e9pendants, 1926.", "page_number": "Mentioned: p. 203, no. 3323", "url": ""}, {"citation": "<em>Seurat: His Drawings</em>. Exh. Cat. New York: Buchholz Gallery, 1947.", "page_number": "Mentioned: no. 26", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Seligman, Germain. <em>The Drawings of Georges Seurat</em>. New York: Curt Valentin, 1947.", "page_number": "Mentioned: p. 84, no. 57; Reproduced: pl. XLV", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art, \u201cRecent Acquisitions Press Release,\u201d July 20, 1959, Cleveland Museum of Art Archives.", "page_number": null, "url": "https://archive.org/details/cmapr0413"}, {"citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art, \u201cRecent Acquisitions Press Release,\u201d July 24, 1959, Cleveland Museum of Art Archives.", "page_number": null, "url": "https://archive.org/details/cmapr0416"}, {"citation": "Hauke, C\u00e9sar M de. <em>Seurat et son oeuvre</em>. 2 vols. Paris: Gr\u00fcnd, 1961.", "page_number": "Mentioned: vol. 2, p. 272, no. 687; Reproduced: p. 273", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Herbert, Robert L. <em>Seurat's Drawings</em>. New York: Shorewood, 1962.", "page_number": "Mentioned: pp. 141-42, 185, no. 124; Reproduced: p. 142", "url": ""}, {"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. <em>Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1966</em>. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1966.", "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 180", "url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1966/page/n204"}, {"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. <em>Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1969</em>. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1969.", "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 180", "url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1969/page/n204"}, {"citation": "Rubin, J.H. \"Seurat and Theory: The Near-Identical Drawings of the Caf\u00e9-Concert.\" <em>Gazette des Beaux-Arts</em> 6, no. 76 (October 1970): 237-46.", "page_number": "Mentioned: p. 246 n. 2", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Chastel, Andr\u00e9. <em>L'opera completa di Seurat</em>. Milan: Rizzoli, 1972.", "page_number": "Mentioned: p. 115; Reproduced: p. 114", "url": ""}, {"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. <em>Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1978</em>. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1978.", "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 223", "url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1978/page/n243"}, {"citation": "Breitman, Ellen. <em>Art and the Stage</em>. Exh. Cat. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1981.", "page_number": "Mentioned: pp. 57-59; Reproduced: p. 57", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Webb, Sheila. <em>Paper: The Continuous Thread. </em>Exh. Cat. Cleveland, OH: Cleveland Museum of Art. 1982.", "page_number": "Mentioned: p. 22, 66, cat. no. 8; Reproduced: p. 22", "url": null}, {"citation": "O'Toole, Judith Hansen. \"Henri-Gabriel Ibels and Georges Seurat: An Attribution Confirmed.\" <em>Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art</em> 69, no. 7 (September 1982): 236-42.", "page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 236", "url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/25159782"}, {"citation": "Franz, Erich and Bernd Growe. <em>Georges Seurat: Zeichnungen</em>. Exh. Cat. Bielefeld: Kunsthalle Bielefeld, 1983.", "page_number": "Mentioned: pp. 87, 193, 194, no. 82; Reproduced: pl. 82", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Clark, T.J. <em>The Painting of Modern Life: Paris in the Art of Manet and His Followers. </em>New York: Knopf, 1984.", "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 215", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Thomson, Richard. <em>Seurat</em>. Oxford: Phaidon, 1985.", "page_number": "Mentioned: p. 197", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Katzive, David H. <em>Fringe Patterns: Six Contemporary Works with Scientific or Metaphoric Ties to the 1887 Michelson-Morley Experiment</em>. Exh. Cat. Cleveland: Cleveland Center for Contemporary Art, 1987.", "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 7", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Miller, Michael J. <em>Drawing: A Glossary of Materials, Selections from the Cleveland Museum of Art</em>. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1987.", "page_number": "Reproduced: n.p.", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Lebensztejn, Jean-Claude. <em>Chahut</em>. Paris: Hazan, 1989.", "page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 140", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Madeleine-Perdrillat, Alain. <em>Seurat</em>. New York: Rizzoli, 1990.", "page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 123", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Tinterow, Gary. \u201cThe Caf\u00e9-Concert, 1886\u20131888.\u201d In <em>Georges Seurat, 1859-1891</em>, edited by Robert L. Herbert<em>.</em> Exh. Cat. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1991.", "page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 302, no. 197", "url": null}, {"citation": "Zimmerman, Michael F. <em>Seurat and the Art Theory of His Time</em>. Antwerp: Mercator, 1991.", "page_number": "Mentioned: pp. 366-68, 372; Reproduced: p. 372", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Coven, Jeffrey. <em>Baudelaire's Voyages: The Poet and His Painters</em>. Exh. Cat. Huntington, NY: Heckscher Museum, 1993.", "page_number": "Mentioned: p. 86; Reproduced: p. 85", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Hammacher, A.M. <em>Silhouette of Seurat</em>. Otterlo: Kro\u0308ller-Mu\u0308ller Museum, 1994.", "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 58", "url": ""}, {"citation": "DeGrazia, Diane, and Carter E. Foster. <em>Master Drawings from the Cleveland Museum of Art</em>. Exh. Cat. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2000.", "page_number": "Mentioned: pp. 8, 138-39, 291; Reproduced: p. 139", "url": null}, {"citation": "Herbert, Robert L. <em>Seurat: Drawings and Paintings</em>. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2001.", "page_number": "Mentioned: pp. 113-15; Reproduced: p. 114", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Stuckey, Charles. \"I mattini sulla Senna di Monet.\" In <em>Monet, la Senna le ninfee: Il grande fiume e il nuovo secolo,</em> edited by Marco Goldin, 119-22. Exh. Cat. Brescia: Museo di Santa Giulia, 2004.", "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 122", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Jodi Hauptman, ed. <em>Georges Seurat: The Drawings. </em>Exh. Cat. New York: Museum of Modern Art, 2007.", "page_number": "Mentioned: pp. 180-81, 254; Reproduced: p. 237, no. 128", "url": ""}, {"citation": "McCaughey, Patrick. \"The Dark Side of Georges Seurat.\" <em>Art in America</em> (March 2008): 138-143.", "page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 142", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Getlein, Mark. <em>Living with Art</em>. 8th ed. Boston: McGraw Hill, 2008.", "page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 158", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Prendeville, Brendan. \"Seurat and the Act of Sensing: Perception as Artifact.\" In <em>Seurat Re-Viewed</em>, edited by Paul Smith, 149-62. College Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2009.", "page_number": "Mentioned: p. 158; Reproduced: p. 159", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Kr\u010dma, Ed. \"Film, Drawing and the Body.\" In <em>Tacita Dean: Film</em>, edited by Nicholas Cullinan. Exh. Cat. London: Tate Modern, 2012.", "page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 91", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Foa, Michelle. <em>Georges Seurat: The Art of Vision</em>. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2015.", "page_number": "Mentioned: p. 192; Reproduced: p. 193", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Thomson, Richard. \"Seurat's <em>Circus Sideshow</em>: A <em>Parade</em> of Paradoxes.\" In <em>Seurat's Circus Sideshow, </em>edited by Richard Thomson, 15-106<em>.</em> New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2017.", "page_number": "Mentioned: pp. 21, 77, 79-80, 130, Reproduced: p. 81", "url": null}, {"citation": "\u201cCreativity in Action,\" <em>Cleveland Art: Cleveland Museum of Art Members Magazine </em>60, no. 4 (Fall 2020): 26.", "page_number": "Reproduced and Mentioned: P. 26.", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Salsbury, Britany. <em>Nineteenth-Century French Drawings: The Cleveland Museum of Art</em>. Lewes, UK, Cleveland, Ohio: GILES; Cleveland Museum of Art, 2023.", "page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 138-141, no. 25b", "url": ""}], "catalogue_raisonne": "Hauke 687", "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1958.344", "images": {"annotation": null, "web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1958.344/1958.344_web.jpg", "width": "685", "height": "893", "filesize": "627096", "filename": "1958.344_web.jpg"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1958.344/1958.344_print.jpg", "width": "2607", "height": "3400", "filesize": "8889614", "filename": "1958.344_print.jpg"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1958.344/1958.344_full.tif", "width": "4606", "height": "6006", "filesize": "83020392", "filename": "1958.344_full.tif"}}, "alternate_images": [{"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1958.344/1958.344_alt0_web.jpg", "width": "674", "height": "893", "filesize": "603629"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1958.344/1958.344_alt0_print.jpg", "width": "2565", "height": "3400", "filesize": "8131220"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1958.344/1958.344_alt0_full.tif", "width": "3549", "height": "4704", "filesize": "50102484"}, "annotation": ""}], "creditline": "Leonard C. Hanna Jr. Fund", "image_credit": null, "sketchfab_id": null, "sketchfab_url": null, "gallery_donor_text": null, "athena_id": 135341, "creators": [{"id": 1816, "description": "Georges Seurat (French, 1859\u20131891)", "extent": null, "qualifier": null, "role": "artist", "biography": "Georges Seurat entered the \u00c9cole Municipale de Sculpture et de Dessin in Paris at the age of fifteen, where he studied with the sculptor Justin Lequien (1826-1882) and met Aman-Jean (q.v.). At the \u00c9cole des Beaux-Arts three years later he was taught by Henri Lehmann (1814-1882), a former pupil of Ingres (q.v.). He developed an interest in the color theory of Michel-Eug\u00e8ne Chevreul, who had postulated how the isolation and juxtaposition of colors can affect their perception. In the Louvre he studied the works of two master colorists, Rubens (1577-1640) and Delacroix (q.v.). Seurat attended the Fourth Impressionist Exhibit in 1879, and he later confessed to be particularly shocked by the works of Monet (q.v.) and Pissarro (q.v.). After spending a year in military service on the Breton coast, Seurat started experimenting with drawing, using cont\u00e9 crayon and heavily textured \"Ingres\" paper to build up his figures through a wide range of tones, avoiding contour outlines. He also probably read Ogden Rood's Th\u00e9orie Scientifique des Couleurs, which further investigated the perception of color and advocated the use of pure color in painting. Seurat additionally undertook to analyze the optical and emotional effects of various color combinations in his paintings, initiating studies for the Bathers at Asni\u00e8res (1883, National Gallery, London). This painting appeared at the 1884 Salon des Ind\u00e9pendants, where he met Paul Signac (1863-1935), who became an important spokesman for neo-impressionism. Seurat's next major painting, Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte (1884-86, Art Institute of Chicago), established him as the leader of the neo-impressionists. He began spending his summers on the Normandy coast, where he often started his large canvases that he would finish in his Paris studio during the winter. He was protective of his position as leader of the neo-impressionists, causing arguments with Pissarro and Signac in the late 1880s. His interest in using pure color influenced the symbolists as well as later \"hard edge\" painters of the modern era.", "name_in_original_language": null, "birth_year": "1859", "death_year": "1891", "use_in_caption": true, "include_extent": false, "weight": 1}], "legal_status": "accessioned", "accession_date": "1958-10-23T00:00:00", "sortable_date": 1887, "date_added_to_oa": null, "date_text": "1887\u201388", "collapse_artists": false, "on_loan": false, "recently_acquired": false, "record_type": "object", "conservation_statement": null, "has_conservation_images": false, "cover_accession_number": null, "is_nazi_era_provenance": true, "impression": null, "alternate_titles": ["At the Concert Parisien", "Caf\u00e9-Concert"], "is_highlight": true, "updated_at": "2026-06-10 18:00:12.391000"}}