{"data": {"id": 144495, "accession_number": "1969.2", "share_license_status": "CC0", "tombstone": "Buffalo Mask, early to mid-1900s. Africa, West Africa, Burkina Faso, possibly Bwa-style maker. Wood, plant fibers, paint, and iron; overall: 69.8 cm (27 1/2 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift of Katherine C. White, 1969.2", "current_location": "108A African", "title": "Buffalo Mask", "creation_date": "early to mid-1900s", "creation_date_earliest": 1900, "creation_date_latest": 1970, "artists_tags": [], "culture": ["Africa, West Africa, Burkina Faso, possibly Bwa-style maker"], "technique": "Wood, plant fibers, paint, and iron", "support_materials": [], "department": "African Art", "collection": "African Art", "type": "Mask", "measurements": "Overall: 69.8 cm (27 1/2 in.)", "dimensions": {"overall": {"height": 0.698, "height_inch": 27, "height_inch_fraction": 0.5}}, "state_of_the_work": null, "edition_of_the_work": null, "copyright": null, "inscriptions": [], "exhibitions": {"current": [{"id": 301313, "title": "Year in Review: 1969", "description": "<i>Year in Review: 1969</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (January 27-February 22, 1970).", "opening_date": "1970-01-27T05:00:00"}, {"id": 304550, "title": "A Cleveland Bestiary", "description": "<i>A Cleveland Bestiary</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (October 15-December 16, 1981).", "opening_date": "1981-10-15T04:00:00"}], "legacy": [{"description": "CMA 1968: African Tribal Images: The Katherine White Reswick Collection, cat. no. 31, repr.", "opening_date": "1968-01-01T00:00:00"}, {"description": "CMA 1970: \"Year in Review 1969,\" CMA Bulletin LVII (Jan., 1970), p. 47, no. 128, repr. p. 41.", "opening_date": "1970-01-01T00:00:00"}, {"description": "CMA 1981: A Cleveland Bestiary, October 14-December 9, 1981, cat. no. 11, repr. p, 17.", "opening_date": "1981-10-14T00:00:00"}]}, "provenance": [{"description": "Katherine C. White [1929-1980], Gates Mills, OH, given to the Cleveland Museum of Art", "citations": [], "footnotes": ["<div><!--block-->Exhibited at CMA in 1968, <em>African Tribal Images: The Katherine White Reswick Collection</em>; published as fig. 31</div>"], "date": "at least 1968\u20131969", "sortorder": null}, {"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH", "citations": [], "footnotes": ["<div><!--block-->CMA Bulletin January 1970, figure 128.</div>"], "date": "1969\u2013", "sortorder": 2}], "find_spot": null, "related_works": [], "former_accession_numbers": ["933.68"], "did_you_know": "Once broken, the right horn of this mask was repaired; this indicates that it was valued.", "early_education_description": null, "artlens_description": null, "description": "Among the Bwa people, masks with human, animal, and fantastic traits typically represent protective bush spirits. This mask\u2019s horns and muzzle identify it as a bush buffalo. Masked dancers appear during the dry season for initiations, funerals of elders, market days, harvest celebrations, and annual renewal rituals to protect the well-being of the community.", "external_resources": {"wikidata": [], "internet_archive": ["https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1969.2-buffalo-mask"]}, "citations": [{"citation": "Fagg, William. <em>African Tribal Images: the Katherine White Reswick Collection</em>. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1968.", "page_number": "Reproduced: cat. no. 31", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Lee, Sherman E. \u201cThe Year in Review for 1969.\u201d <em>The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art</em> 57, no. 1 (January 1970): 2\u201350.", "page_number": "Reproduced:  p. 41, fig. 128; mentioned:  p. 147", "url": "http://www.jstor.org/stable/25152307"}, {"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. <em>Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1978</em>. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1978.", "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 411", "url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1978/page/n431"}, {"citation": "Kathman, Barbara A. <em>A Cleveland Bestiary</em>. Cleveland, OH; Cleveland Museum of Art, 1981.", "page_number": "Mentioned: p. 16, p. 60; Reproduced: p. 17", "url": null}, {"citation": "Henry John Drewal. <em>African Art: A Brief Guide to the Collection : the Cleveland Museum of Art</em>. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1989.", "page_number": "fig. 17", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art. <em>Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art</em>. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1991.", "page_number": "p. 153", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Connell, Timothy C., and Jackson J. Spielvogel. <em>World Art Transparencies</em>. Cincinnati: West Educational Pub, 1998.", "page_number": "Acetate 43", "url": ""}, {"citation": "May, Sally Ruth, Jane Takac, and Barbara J. Bradley. <em>Knockouts: A Pocket Guide</em>. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2001.", "page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced:  pp.67-8. no. 70; listed: p. 118.", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Donley, Gregory M., \"A New Face for African Art\", Cleveland Museum of Art. <em>Cleveland Art: The Cleveland Museum of Art Members Magazine</em>. Vol. 42 no. 04, April 2002", "page_number": "Mentioned & reproduced: p. 6-7", "url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAMM2002-04/page/n5"}, {"citation": "Petridis, Constantijn. <em>South of the Sahara: selected works of African art. </em>Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2003.", "page_number": "Reproduced: cat. 5, p. 40 - 41", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art. <em>Cleveland Art: The Cleveland Museum of Art Members Magazine</em>. Vol. 43 no. 09, November 2003", "page_number": "Reproduced: cover", "url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAMM2003-09"}, {"citation": "Petridis, Constantine. \"A New Installation for African Art in Cleveland.\" <em>Tribal: the Magaine of Tribal Art</em>. 9 (3) no. 36 (Autumn-Winter 2004): 68-73.", "page_number": "", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Franklin, David and C. Griffith Mann. <em>Treasures from the Cleveland Museum of Art</em>. Cleveland, OH: Cleveland Museum of Art; London, Scala Publishers Ltd, 2012.", "page_number": "pp. 288-9.", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Basquiat, Jean-Michel, Sam Keller, and Iris Hasler. Basquiat: The Modena Paintings.Berlin : Hatje Cantz ; Riehen/Basel : Fondation Beyeler, 2023.", "page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 35, fig. 2", "url": ""}], "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1969.2", "images": {"annotation": null, "web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1969.2/1969.2_web.jpg", "width": "600", "height": "900", "filesize": "117240", "filename": "1969.2_web.jpg"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1969.2/1969.2_print.jpg", "width": "2267", "height": "3400", "filesize": "966765", "filename": "1969.2_print.jpg"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1969.2/1969.2_full.tif", "width": "4096", "height": "6144", "filesize": "151023476", "filename": "1969.2_full.tif"}}, "alternate_images": [{"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1969.2/1969.2_alt0_web.jpg", "width": "595", "height": "893", "filesize": "273113"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1969.2/1969.2_alt0_print.jpg", "width": "2267", "height": "3400", "filesize": "3768208"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1969.2/1969.2_alt0_full.tif", "width": "4096", "height": "6144", "filesize": "75529648"}, "date_created": "2009-11-03T15:23:12", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1969.2/1969.2_alt1_web.jpg", "width": "595", "height": "893", "filesize": "259287"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1969.2/1969.2_alt1_print.jpg", "width": "2267", "height": "3400", "filesize": "3676604"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1969.2/1969.2_alt1_full.tif", "width": "4096", "height": "6144", "filesize": "75528060"}, "date_created": "2009-11-03T15:24:12", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1969.2/1969.2_alt2_web.jpg", "width": "646", "height": "893", "filesize": "278307"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1969.2/1969.2_alt2_print.jpg", "width": "2461", "height": "3400", "filesize": "4080017"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1969.2/1969.2_alt2_full.tif", "width": "4096", "height": "5658", "filesize": "69556112"}, "date_created": "2009-11-03T15:35:17", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1969.2/1969.2_alt3_web.jpg", "width": "604", "height": "893", "filesize": "285889"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1969.2/1969.2_alt3_print.jpg", "width": "2321", "height": "3400", "filesize": "3496226"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1969.2/1969.2_alt3_full.tif", "width": "3413", "height": "5000", "filesize": "51210696"}, "annotation": ""}], "creditline": "Gift of Katherine C. White", "image_credit": null, "sketchfab_id": null, "sketchfab_url": null, "gallery_donor_text": null, "athena_id": 144495, "creators": [], "legal_status": "accessioned", "accession_date": "1969-01-22T00:00:00", "sortable_date": 1900, "date_added_to_oa": null, "date_text": "early to mid-1900s", "collapse_artists": false, "on_loan": false, "recently_acquired": false, "record_type": "object", "conservation_statement": null, "has_conservation_images": false, "cover_accession_number": null, "is_nazi_era_provenance": false, "impression": null, "alternate_titles": ["Bushcow Headdress", "Bush Cow Mask"], "is_highlight": false, "updated_at": "2026-05-29 07:25:21.180000"}}