{"data": {"id": 147480, "accession_number": "1973.213", "share_license_status": "CC0", "tombstone": "Ballgame Hip Protector (Yoke), 600\u2013900. Mexico, Gulf Coast, Classic Veracruz style (600-1100). Greenstone, pigment; overall: 41.5 x 37.5 x 11 cm (16 5/16 x 14 3/4 x 4 5/16 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Leonard C. Hanna Jr. Fund, 1973.213", "current_location": "233 Mesoamerican and Intermediate Region", "title": "Ballgame Hip Protector (Yoke)", "creation_date": "600\u2013900", "creation_date_earliest": 600, "creation_date_latest": 900, "artists_tags": [], "culture": ["Mexico, Gulf Coast, Classic Veracruz style (600-1100)"], "technique": "greenstone, pigment", "support_materials": [], "department": "Art of the Americas", "collection": "AA - Mesoamerica", "type": "Sculpture", "measurements": "Overall: 41.5 x 37.5 x 11 cm (16 5/16 x 14 3/4 x 4 5/16 in.)", "dimensions": {"overall": {"height": 0.415, "height_inch": 16, "height_inch_fraction": 0.3125, "width": 0.375, "width_inch": 14, "width_inch_fraction": 0.75, "depth": 0.11, "depth_inch": 4, "depth_inch_fraction": 0.3125}}, "state_of_the_work": null, "edition_of_the_work": null, "copyright": null, "inscriptions": [], "exhibitions": {"current": [{"id": 301878, "title": "Year in Review: 1973", "description": "<i>Year in Review: 1973</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (January 30-March 17, 1974).", "opening_date": "1974-01-30T05:00:00"}, {"id": 441986, "title": "Ulama : het balspel bij de Maya's en Azteken, 2000 v. Chr.--2000 n. Chr.: van mensenoffer tot sport (The ballgame of the Mayas and Aztecs, 2000 BC--AD 2000: from human sacrifice to sport)", "description": "<i>Ulama : het balspel bij de Maya's en Azteken, 2000 v. Chr.--2000 n. Chr.: van mensenoffer tot sport (The ballgame of the Mayas and Aztecs, 2000 BC--AD 2000: from human sacrifice to sport)</i>. Rijksmuseum voor Volkenkunde, Leiden, Netherlands (organizer) (June 18-September 12, 1988).", "opening_date": "1988-06-18T04:00:00"}, {"id": 441882, "title": "Treasures of the New World", "description": "<i>Treasures of the New World</i>. Mus\u00e9es Royaux d'Art et d'Histoire, 1000 Bruxelles, Belgium (organizer) (September 15-December 25, 1992).", "opening_date": "1992-09-15T04:00:00"}], "legacy": [{"description": "<em>Before Cortes, Sculpture of Middle America</em>, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, NY (September 30, 1970-January 3, 1971).", "opening_date": "1970-09-30T00:00:00"}, {"description": "<em>Tresors Du Nouveau Monde</em>, Musees Royaux d' Art et d' Histoire, Brussells, Belgium (September 15- December 27, 1992).", "opening_date": "1992-09-15T00:00:00"}]}, "provenance": [{"description": "Paul Tishman, New York, NY", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": null, "sortorder": 1}, {"description": "John Wise, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "?-1973", "sortorder": 2}, {"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "1973-", "sortorder": 3}], "find_spot": null, "related_works": [], "former_accession_numbers": [], "did_you_know": "The ballgame was a team sport played on specially constructed rectangular courts and involved striking a large solid rubber ball without using your hands.", "early_education_description": null, "artlens_description": null, "description": "U-shaped ballgame sculptures imitate the shape of belt-like protectors, perhaps made of wood and padding, worn to shield ballplayers from injury when they returned the solid rubber ball from their hips. This fine example embodies a major theme of the ballgame: the connection between fertility and death. It is made of greenstone, a precious material that through its color symbolizes the lush burgeoning of nature after the rainy season. The imagery, however, is menacing: a monstrous head snarls from the curve, and human skulls appear on the sides.", "external_resources": {"wikidata": ["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60761412"], "internet_archive": ["https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1973.213-ballgame-hip-protect"]}, "citations": [{"citation": "Spinden, Ellen S. \"The Place of Tajin in Totonac Archaeology.\" <em>American Anthropologist</em>, New Series, 35, no. 2 (1933)", "page_number": "pp. 224-270", "url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/662489"}, {"citation": "Palacios, Enrique Juan.<em> Arqueologi\u0301a de Me\u0301xico: culturas arcaica y tolteca</em> (Ilustraciones novedosas, en parte procedentes de piezas de la coleccio\u0301n del autor). Me\u0301xico: Imprenta Mundial, 1937.", "page_number": "pp. 34-6, 72", "url": null}, {"citation": "Ekholm, Gordon. \" Is American Indian Culture Asiatic?\" <em>Natural History</em> (1950).", "page_number": "pp. 344-351, 382", "url": null}, {"citation": "Proskouriakoff, Tatiana. \" Classic Central Veracruz Sculpture.\" <em>Contributions to American Archaeology and History</em>. (Washington, D.C. 1954).", "page_number": "pp. 11, 63-90", "url": null}, {"citation": "Covarrubias, Miguel. <em>Indian Art of Mexico and Central America.</em> New York: Knopf, 1957.", "page_number": null, "url": null}, {"citation": "Willey, Gordon R. <em>An Introduction to American Archaeology. </em>Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1966.", "page_number": "p. 143", "url": null}, {"citation": "Easby, Elizabeth Kennedy, and John F. Scott. Before Corte\u0301s, <em>Sculpture of Middle America; A Centennial Exhibition at the Metropolitan Museum of Art from September 30, 1970 Through January 3, 1971.</em> [New York]: Metropolitan Museum of Art; distributed by New York Graphic Society, 1970.", "page_number": "no. 146", "url": null}, {"citation": "Hawley, Henry. \"Classic Veracruz Sculptures.\" <em>The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art</em> 61, no. 10 (1974).", "page_number": "pp. 321-330, cover", "url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/25152555"}, {"citation": "\"The Year in Review for 1973.\" <em>The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art</em> 61, no. 2 (1974).", "page_number": "p. 72", "url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/25152513"}, {"citation": "\u201cAnnual Report for 1973.\u201d <em>The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art</em> 61, no. 6 (June 1974): 179\u2013213.", "page_number": "Mentioned: p. 184", "url": "http://www.jstor.org/stable/25152530"}, {"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. <em>Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1978</em>. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1978.", "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 394", "url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1978/page/n414"}, {"citation": "Kubler, George. <em>Art and Architecture of Ancient America</em>. Penguin, 1962.", "page_number": "pl. 40b", "url": null}, {"citation": "Leyenaar, Ted J. J., and Lee Allen Parsons. <em>Ulama: het balspel bij de Maya's en Azteken, 2000 v. Chr.--2000 n. Chr. </em>: van mensenoffer tot sport = The ballgame of the Mayas and Aztecs, 2000 BC--AD 2000 : from human sacrifice to sport. Leiden, The Netherlands: Spruyt, Van Mantgem &amp; De Does, 1988.", "page_number": "p. 171, fig. 54", "url": null}, {"citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art. <em>Masterpieces from East and West. </em>New York, NY: Rizzoli International, 1992.", "page_number": "p. 182", "url": null}, {"citation": "Deletaille, Emile, and Lin Deletaille. <em>Tre\u0301sors du nouveau monde.</em> Bruxelles: Muse\u0301es royaux d'art et d'histoire, 1992.", "page_number": "fig. 98", "url": null}, {"citation": "Sabau Garci\u0301a, Mari\u0301a Luisa. <em>Me\u0301xico en el mundo de las colecciones de arte</em>. Me\u0301xico: D.R. Primera, 1994.", "page_number": "pp. 183-241", "url": null}, {"citation": "Garci\u0301a Di\u0301az, Bernardo, Lourdes Alonso, and Adalberto Ri\u0301os Szalay. <em>The State of Veracruz, Mexico</em>. Mexican Art Abroad, Me\u0301xico: Grupo Azabache, 1994.", "page_number": null, "url": null}, {"citation": "May, Sally Ruth, Jane Takac, and Barbara J. Bradley. <em>Knockouts: A Pocket Guide.</em> Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2001.", "page_number": "no. 107, pp. 96-97, 220", "url": null}, {"citation": "Bergh, Susan, \"Art from the Sacred Ballgame\", Cleveland Museum of Art. <em>Cleveland Art: The Cleveland Museum of Art Members Magazine</em>. Vol. 42 no. 03, March 2002", "page_number": "Mentioned & reproduced: p.8-9", "url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAMM2002-03/page/n7"}], "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1973.213", "images": {"annotation": null, "web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1973.213/1973.213_web.jpg", "width": "1263", "height": "741", "filesize": "528198", "filename": "1973.213_web.jpg"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1973.213/1973.213_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "1996", "filesize": "4424977", "filename": "1973.213_print.jpg"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1973.213/1973.213_full.tif", "width": "6202", "height": "3641", "filesize": "67774604", "filename": "1973.213_full.tif"}}, "alternate_images": [{"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1973.213/1973.213_alt0_web.jpg", "width": "1263", "height": "753", "filesize": "552971"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1973.213/1973.213_alt0_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "2028", "filesize": "4587410"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1973.213/1973.213_alt0_full.tif", "width": "5903", "height": "3522", "filesize": "62401840"}, "date_created": "2011-02-17T14:06:03", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1973.213/1973.213_alt1_web.jpg", "width": "1263", "height": "863", "filesize": "633818"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1973.213/1973.213_alt1_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "2323", "filesize": "5361807"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1973.213/1973.213_alt1_full.tif", "width": "5140", "height": "3513", "filesize": "54201684"}, "date_created": "2011-02-17T14:13:26", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1973.213/1973.213_alt2_web.jpg", "width": "1263", "height": "715", "filesize": "539497"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1973.213/1973.213_alt2_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "1926", "filesize": "4416663"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1973.213/1973.213_alt2_full.tif", "width": "6116", "height": "3466", "filesize": "63624008"}, "date_created": "2011-02-17T14:21:18", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1973.213/1973.213_alt3_web.jpg", "width": "1263", "height": "721", "filesize": "562862"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1973.213/1973.213_alt3_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "1941", "filesize": "4639924"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1973.213/1973.213_alt3_full.tif", "width": "5780", "height": "3301", "filesize": "57273792"}, "date_created": "2011-02-17T14:30:30", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1973.213/1973.213_alt4_web.jpg", "width": "1263", "height": "808", "filesize": "574026"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1973.213/1973.213_alt4_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "2174", "filesize": "4811520"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1973.213/1973.213_alt4_full.tif", "width": "5367", "height": "3433", "filesize": "55307160"}, "date_created": "2011-02-17T14:38:27", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1973.213/1973.213_alt5_web.jpg", "width": "876", "height": "893", "filesize": "453525"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1973.213/1973.213_alt5_print.jpg", "width": "3334", "height": "3400", "filesize": "7901099"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1973.213/1973.213_alt5_full.tif", "width": "4989", "height": "5087", "filesize": "76174452"}, "date_created": "2011-02-17T14:50:13", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1973.213/1973.213_alt6_web.jpg", "width": "874", "height": "893", "filesize": "438765"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1973.213/1973.213_alt6_print.jpg", "width": "3326", "height": "3400", "filesize": "7748479"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1973.213/1973.213_alt6_full.tif", "width": "4992", "height": "5103", "filesize": "76462140"}, "date_created": "2011-02-17T14:52:37", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1973.213/1973.213_alt7_web.jpg", "width": "1263", "height": "785", "filesize": "600042"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1973.213/1973.213_alt7_print.jpg", "width": "2048", "height": "1273", "filesize": "1652589"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1973.213/1973.213_alt7_full.tif", "width": "2048", "height": "1273", "filesize": "7824044"}, "annotation": ""}], "creditline": "Leonard C. 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