{"data": {"id": 155510, "accession_number": "1990.23", "share_license_status": "CC0", "tombstone": "Headdress, early 1900s. Africa, West Africa, Nigeria, Ejagham-style maker. Wood, rawhide, cane, paint, bone, natural fiber, and metal; overall: 67.3 x 43.2 x 43.2 cm (26 1/2 x 17 x 17 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Andrew R. and Martha Holden Jennings Fund, 1990.23", "current_location": "108A African", "title": "Headdress", "creation_date": "early 1900s", "creation_date_earliest": 1900, "creation_date_latest": 1925, "artists_tags": [], "culture": ["Africa, West Africa, Nigeria, Ejagham-style maker"], "technique": "Wood, rawhide, cane, paint, bone, natural fiber, and metal", "support_materials": [], "department": "African Art", "collection": "African Art", "type": "Mask", "measurements": "Overall: 67.3 x 43.2 x 43.2 cm (26 1/2 x 17 x 17 in.)", "dimensions": {"overall": {"height": 0.673, "height_inch": 26, "height_inch_fraction": 0.5, "width": 0.432, "width_inch": 17, "width_inch_fraction": 0.0, "depth": 0.432, "depth_inch": 17, "depth_inch_fraction": 0.0}}, "state_of_the_work": null, "edition_of_the_work": null, "copyright": null, "inscriptions": [], "exhibitions": {"current": [{"id": 311440, "title": "Notable Acquisitions", "description": "<i>Notable Acquisitions</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (June 7-September 15, 1991).", "opening_date": "1991-06-07T04:00:00"}], "legacy": []}, "provenance": [{"description": "Pace Gallery, New York, NY", "citations": [], "footnotes": ["<div><!--block-->Fax dated April 5, 1990 - CMA Curatorial Files</div>"], "date": "possibly 1970s", "sortorder": 1}, {"description": "Private Collection, New York", "citations": [], "footnotes": ["<div><!--block-->Note, likely April 1990, CMA curatorial file</div>"], "date": null, "sortorder": 2}, {"description": "Private Collection, London", "citations": [], "footnotes": ["<div><!--block-->Note, likely April 1990, CMA curatorial file</div>"], "date": null, "sortorder": 3}, {"description": "Entwistle and Co., Ltd., London, England, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "?\u20131990", "sortorder": 4}, {"description": "Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "1990\u2013", "sortorder": 5}], "find_spot": null, "related_works": [], "former_accession_numbers": [], "did_you_know": "Look closely along the sides of the nostrils, upper eyelids, and around the mouth. The impressions of twisted yarn shows how the hide was carefully held in place while it dried to precisely fit the sculpted wooden core.", "early_education_description": null, "artlens_description": null, "description": "Headdresses or crest masks made of antelope skin stretched over a carved head are a distinctive art form of the Cross River region in southeastern Nigeria and western Cameroon. Worldwide, this practice is unique. This female evocation of ideal feminine beauty was most probably worn by an Ejagham woman in the context of a female society called Ekpa, which was responsible for girls' education in preparation for marriage. The headdress represents a girl who evokes ideal female beauty and is ready for marriage. The depicted hairstyle was worn during the coming-out ceremony following the girls\u2019 seclusion.", "external_resources": {"wikidata": [], "internet_archive": ["https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1990.23-headdress"]}, "citations": [{"citation": "Drewal, Henry John. \"Notable Acquisitions.\" <em>The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art</em> 78, no. 3 (1991): 63-147.", "page_number": "Reproduced and Mentioned: p. 113", "url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/25161319"}, {"citation": "Young-S\u00e1nchez, Margaret. \"The Cleveland Museum of Art.\" <em>African Arts</em> 30, no. 1 (1997).", "page_number": "pp. 66-71", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Petridis, Constantijn. <em>South of the Sahara: Selected Works of African Art. </em>Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2003.", "page_number": "Reproduced: cat. 29, p. 88 - 89", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Petridis, Constantine. \"A New Installation for African Art in Cleveland.\" <em>Tribal </em>3, no. 36 (Autumn/Winter 2004).", "page_number": "pp. 68-73", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art. <em>The CMA Companion: A Guide to the Cleveland Museum of Art</em>. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2014.", "page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: P. 32-33", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Smith, Fred T., Judith Perani, Joseph L. Underwood, and Martha J. Ehrlich. The Visual Arts of Africa : Gender, Power, and Life Cycle Rituals. Second edition. New York: Oxford University Press, 2022.", "page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 220, no. 7.15", "url": ""}], "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1990.23", "images": {"annotation": null, "web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1990.23/1990.23_web.jpg", "width": "632", "height": "893", "filesize": "298990", "filename": "1990.23_web.jpg"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1990.23/1990.23_print.jpg", "width": "2408", "height": "3400", "filesize": "4056238", "filename": "1990.23_print.jpg"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1990.23/1990.23_full.tif", "width": "4096", "height": "5784", "filesize": "71106856", "filename": "1990.23_full.tif"}}, "alternate_images": [{"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1990.23/1990.23_alt0_web.jpg", "width": "632", "height": "893", "filesize": "280547"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1990.23/1990.23_alt0_print.jpg", "width": "2405", "height": "3400", "filesize": "3879391"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1990.23/1990.23_alt0_full.tif", "width": "4096", "height": "5790", "filesize": "71180352"}, "date_created": "2009-10-26T18:25:57", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1990.23/1990.23_alt1_web.jpg", "width": "633", "height": "893", "filesize": "296390"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1990.23/1990.23_alt1_print.jpg", "width": "2410", "height": "3400", "filesize": "4015100"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1990.23/1990.23_alt1_full.tif", "width": "4096", "height": "5778", "filesize": "71033204"}, "date_created": "2009-10-26T18:27:14", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1990.23/1990.23_alt2_web.jpg", "width": "632", "height": "893", "filesize": "306445"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1990.23/1990.23_alt2_print.jpg", "width": "2408", "height": "3400", "filesize": "4200025"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1990.23/1990.23_alt2_full.tif", "width": "4096", "height": "5784", "filesize": "71106928"}, "date_created": "2009-10-26T18:28:47", "annotation": ""}], "creditline": "Andrew R. and Martha Holden Jennings Fund", "image_credit": null, "sketchfab_id": null, "sketchfab_url": null, "gallery_donor_text": null, "athena_id": 155510, "creators": [], "legal_status": "accessioned", "accession_date": "1990-09-06T00:00:00", "sortable_date": 1900, "date_added_to_oa": null, "date_text": "early 1900s", "collapse_artists": false, "on_loan": false, "recently_acquired": false, "record_type": "object", "conservation_statement": null, "has_conservation_images": false, "cover_accession_number": null, "is_nazi_era_provenance": false, "impression": null, "alternate_titles": ["Headdress of a Maiden"], "is_highlight": false, "updated_at": "2026-06-01 19:16:18.175000"}}