{"data": {"id": 160940, "accession_number": "1999.212", "share_license_status": "CC0", "tombstone": "Single Leaf from a Gospel Book with a  Portrait of Saint Luke, c. 1440\u201380. Empire of Ethiopia, Tigray region (Ethiopia). Ink and tempera on vellum; sheet: 37 x 25 cm (14 9/16 x 9 13/16 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Purchase from the J. H. Wade Fund, 1999.212", "current_location": null, "title": "Single Leaf from a Gospel Book with a  Portrait of Saint Luke", "creation_date": "c. 1440\u201380", "creation_date_earliest": 1440, "creation_date_latest": 1480, "artists_tags": [], "culture": ["Empire of Ethiopia, Tigray region (Ethiopia)"], "technique": "ink and tempera on vellum", "support_materials": [], "department": "Medieval Art", "collection": "MED - Manuscript Illuminations", "type": "Manuscript", "measurements": "Sheet: 37 x 25 cm (14 9/16 x 9 13/16 in.)", "dimensions": {"sheet": {"height": 0.37, "height_inch": 14, "height_inch_fraction": 0.5625, "width": 0.25, "width_inch": 9, "width_inch_fraction": 0.8125}}, "state_of_the_work": null, "edition_of_the_work": null, "copyright": null, "inscriptions": [{"inscription": "\u1225\u12a5\u1208 \u1361 \u1245\u12f1\u1235  \u1361 \u1209\u1243\u1235 \u1361 \u12d8\u12dc\u1290\u12c8 \u1361 \u1263\u12a0\u121d\u1235\u1208 \u1361 \u120b\u1200\u121d \u1361 \u1338\u120e\u1271 \u1361 \u12c8\u1260\u1228\u12a8\u1271\u1362 \u1270\u1200\u1209 \u1361 \u121d\u1235\u120c\u1290\u1361 \u12a0\u121c\u1295", "inscription_translation": "\u015b\u01dd\u02c1\u0259la : \u1e33\u0259dus : lu\u1e33as : zazenawa : ba\u02c0am\u0259sla : laham : \u1e63alatu : wabarakatu :: tahalu : m\u0259slena : \u02c0amen ::", "inscription_remark": "Make this image of St. Luke with this bull\u00ac\u00ac\u2013\u2013his prayer (offering)\u2013\u2013and with his blessings, they were with us. Amen.", "sortorder": null}], "exhibitions": {"current": [{"id": 521317, "title": "Africa & Byzantium", "description": "<i>Africa & Byzantium</i>. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, NY (organizer) (November 14, 2023-March 3, 2024); The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (co-organizer) (April 14-July 21, 2024).", "opening_date": "2023-11-13T05:00:00"}], "legacy": []}, "provenance": [{"description": "(Bruce Ferrini Rare Books, Akron, Oh), sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "-1999", "sortorder": 1}, {"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, Oh", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "1999-", "sortorder": 2}], "find_spot": null, "related_works": [], "former_accession_numbers": [], "did_you_know": "The majority of Ethiopian manuscripts are written in Ge\u2019ez, the ancient liturgical language of Ethiopia.", "early_education_description": null, "artlens_description": null, "description": "Christianity arrived in Ethiopia during the 300s CE, well before reaching northern Europe. Typical of panel and manuscript painting in Ethiopia, this leaf is decorated with bright colors and a joyous interplay of geometric pattern. The full-page miniature depicts the evangelist Luke, with his symbol, the ox, within the arch above. The short text is in the Ge\u2018ez (the centuries-old church language of Ethiopian Orthodoxy) and consists of the opening lines of the gospel of Luke: \u201cMake this image of St. Luke with this bull\u2013\u2013his prayer (offering)\u2013\u2013and with his blessings, they were with us. Amen.\u201d", "external_resources": {"wikidata": ["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60760910"], "internet_archive": ["https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1999.212-single-leaf-from-a-g"]}, "citations": [{"citation": "Fliegel, Stephen \"St. Luke in Ethiopia\" <em>The Cleveland Museum of Art Member's Magazine</em> (April 2000)", "page_number": "pp. 4-5", "url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAMM2000-04/page/4/"}, {"citation": "Petridis, Constantijn. South of the Sahara: Selected Works of African Art. [Cleveland]: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2003.", "page_number": "p. 16 fig. 5", "url": null}, {"citation": "Heldman, Marilyn E. \u201cLegends of L\u0101libal\u0101: The Development of an Ethiopian Pilgrimage Site.\u201d <em>Anthropology and Aestetics</em> 27 (Spring 1995)", "page_number": "pp. 25-38", "url": null}, {"citation": "Paris (France), and Fundacio\u0301 Caixa de Girona. L'arche e\u0301thiopienne: art chre\u0301tien d'E\u0301thiopie : 27 septembre 2000-7 janvier 2001, Pavillon des arts. Paris: Paris muse\u0301es, 2000.", "page_number": "Cat. No. 60", "url": null}, {"citation": "Heldman, Marilyn Eiseman, S. C. Munro-Hay, and Roderick Grierson. African Zion: The Sacred Art of Ethiopia. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1993.", "page_number": "p. 190", "url": null}, {"citation": "Heldman, Marilyn. \u201cAn \u00c9wost\u0101thian Style and the Gund\u0101 Gund\u0113 Style in Fifteenth-Century Ethiopian Manuscript Illumination.\u201d <em>Proceedings of the First International Conference on the History of Ethiopian Art</em> (London 1989)", "page_number": "pp. 5-14", "url": null}, {"citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art, \u201cCleveland Museum of Art Acquires Rare Chinese Paintings, Baroque Porcelain Plaque and Other New Acquisitions Exhibited with Hanging Scrolls,\u201d December 20, 1999, Cleveland Museum of Art Archives.", "page_number": null, "url": "https://archive.org/details/cmapr4305"}, {"citation": "Mercier, Jacques.<em> Art of Ethiopia: From the Origins to the Golden Century (330-1527).</em> 2021.", "page_number": "fig 217", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Achi, Andrea Myers, et al. Africa and Byzantium. New York : The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2023.", "page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 216, no. 121", "url": ""}], "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1999.212", "images": {"annotation": null, "web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1999.212/1999.212_web.jpg", "width": "645", "height": "900", "filesize": "401659", "filename": "1999.212_web.jpg"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1999.212/1999.212_print.jpg", "width": "2438", "height": "3400", "filesize": "4240016", "filename": "1999.212_print.jpg"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1999.212/1999.212_full.tif", "width": "7062", "height": "9848", "filesize": "208671929", "filename": "1999.212_full.tif"}}, "alternate_images": [{"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1999.212/1999.212_alt0_web.jpg", "width": "641", "height": "900", "filesize": "342898"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1999.212/1999.212_alt0_print.jpg", "width": "2423", "height": "3400", "filesize": "3394844"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1999.212/1999.212_alt0_full.tif", "width": "5542", "height": "7777", "filesize": "129334584"}, "date_created": "2016-11-03T10:42:46", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1999.212/1999.212_alt1_web.jpg", "width": "635", "height": "900", "filesize": "267034"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1999.212/1999.212_alt1_print.jpg", "width": "2398", "height": "3400", "filesize": "3038605"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1999.212/1999.212_alt1_full.tif", "width": "5467", "height": "7751", "filesize": "127156276"}, "date_created": "2016-11-03T10:47:28", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1999.212/1999.212_alt2_web.jpg", "width": "632", "height": "893", "filesize": "583861"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1999.212/1999.212_alt2_print.jpg", "width": "1450", "height": "2048", "filesize": "2934019"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1999.212/1999.212_alt2_full.tif", "width": "1450", "height": "2048", "filesize": "8912260"}, "annotation": ""}], "creditline": "Purchase from the J. H. Wade Fund", "image_credit": null, "sketchfab_id": null, "sketchfab_url": null, "gallery_donor_text": null, "athena_id": 160940, "creators": [], "legal_status": "accessioned", "accession_date": "1999-12-06T00:00:00", "sortable_date": 1440, "date_added_to_oa": null, "date_text": "c. 1440\u201380", "collapse_artists": false, "on_loan": false, "recently_acquired": false, "record_type": "object", "conservation_statement": null, "has_conservation_images": false, "cover_accession_number": null, "is_nazi_era_provenance": false, "impression": null, "alternate_titles": [], "is_highlight": false, "updated_at": "2026-09-12 11:31:24.132000"}}