{"data": {"id": 161426, "accession_number": "2000.118", "share_license_status": "CC0", "tombstone": "Tomb Guardians (\u93ae\u5893\u7378), early 700s. China, probably Shaanxi province, Xi'an, Tang dynasty (618-907). Glazed earthenware, sancai (three-color) ware; part 1: 92.3 x 43.8 x 41.9 cm (36 5/16 x 17 1/4 x 16 1/2 in.); part 2: 88.9 x 41 x 50.8 cm (35 x 16 1/8 x 20 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift of various donors to the department of Asian Art (by exchange), 2000.118", "current_location": "239 Chinese Ceramics and Metalwork", "title": "Tomb Guardians", "title_in_original_language": "\u93ae\u5893\u7378", "creation_date": "early 700s", "creation_date_earliest": 700, "creation_date_latest": 725, "artists_tags": [], "culture": ["China, probably Shaanxi province, Xi'an, Tang dynasty (618-907)"], "technique": "glazed earthenware, sancai (three-color) ware", "support_materials": [], "department": "Chinese Art", "collection": "China - Tang Dynasty", "type": "Ceramic", "measurements": "Part 1: 92.3 x 43.8 x 41.9 cm (36 5/16 x 17 1/4 x 16 1/2 in.); Part 2: 88.9 x 41 x 50.8 cm (35 x 16 1/8 x 20 in.)", "dimensions": {"part 1": {"height": 0.923, "height_inch": 36, "height_inch_fraction": 0.3125, "width": 0.438, "width_inch": 17, "width_inch_fraction": 0.25, "depth": 0.419, "depth_inch": 16, "depth_inch_fraction": 0.5}, "part 2": {"height": 0.889, "height_inch": 35, "height_inch_fraction": 0.0, "width": 0.41, "width_inch": 16, "width_inch_fraction": 0.125, "depth": 0.508, "depth_inch": 20, "depth_inch_fraction": 0.0}}, "state_of_the_work": null, "edition_of_the_work": null, "copyright": null, "inscriptions": [], "exhibitions": {"current": [{"id": 666891, "title": "Demons, Ghosts, and Goblins in Chinese Art", "description": "<i>Demons, Ghosts, and Goblins in Chinese Art</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (September 8, 2024-January 20, 2025).", "opening_date": "2024-09-08T04:00:00"}], "legacy": []}, "provenance": [{"description": "(Kaikodo America Inc., New York, NY, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art)", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "?-2000", "sortorder": 1}, {"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "2000-", "sortorder": 2}], "find_spot": null, "related_works": [], "former_accession_numbers": [], "did_you_know": "<em>Sancai</em> (three-color) glazes in green, amber, and transparent white, plus expensive cobalt blue glaze, show the high social status of the tomb\u2019s occupant.", "early_education_description": null, "artlens_description": null, "description": "With fierce expressions, elongated spikes, and exaggerated physical features, these two fantastic creatures were intended to guard the entrance to a tomb, warding off evil as well as keeping the soul of the deceased from wandering. Known as <em>qitou</em>,<em> or </em>earth spirits, both sculptures differ in appearance: one has an animal face, claws, and a pair of antlers; the other sports a human face with huge ears, hooves, and a short horn.", "external_resources": {"wikidata": ["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60751622"], "internet_archive": ["https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-2000.118-tomb-guardians"]}, "citations": [{"citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art, \u201cTomb Guardian Pair from Tang Dynasty Acquired by CMA,\u201d December 12, 2000, Cleveland Museum of Art Archives.", "page_number": null, "url": "https://archive.org/details/cmapr4361"}, {"citation": "May, Sally Ruth, Jane Takac, and Barbara J. Bradley. <em>Knockouts: A Pocket Guide</em>. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2001.", "page_number": "Reproduced: cat. no. 79, p. 74- 75; Mentioned: p. 119", "url": null}, {"citation": "Franklin, David and C. Griffith Mann. <em>Treasures from the Cleveland Museum of Art</em>. Cleveland, OH: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2012.", "page_number": "Reproduced: pp. 74-75", "url": null}, {"citation": "\u201cA Selection of 2001 Museum Acquisitions.\u201d <em>Apollo: The International Magazine of Art &amp; Antiques</em> 154 (December 2001): 24\u201357.", "page_number": "p. 27", "url": ""}, {"citation": "\"Major Acquisitions: 2000-2005.\" <em>Cleveland Art: Cleveland Museum of Art Members Magazine </em>45, no. 6 (July/August 2005): 6-19.", "page_number": "Mentioned: P. 7; Reproduced: P. 9", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Chung, Anita. \"Chinese Masterworks.\" <em>Cleveland Art: Cleveland Museum of Art Members Magazine </em>53, no. 5 (September/October 2013): 14-15.", "page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: P. 14", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Bidwell, Frederick E. and Leslie Cade. <em>The CMA Companion: A Guide to the Cleveland Museum of Art.</em> [Cleveland]: Cleveland Museum of Art; New York, NY: Scala Arts Publishers, 2014.", "page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: P. 95", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Von Spee, Clarissa. \"Good or Evil? Demons, ghosts, and goblins in Chinese art.\u201d <em>Cleveland Art: Cleveland Museum of Art Members Magazine </em>vol. 64, no. 3 (2024): 10\u201311.", "page_number": "Reproduced and Mentioned: p. 10", "url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAMM-2024-03/page/10/mode/2up"}], "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/2000.118", "images": {"annotation": null, "web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2000.118/2000.118_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "644", "filesize": "244934", "filename": "2000.118_web.jpg"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2000.118/2000.118_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "2431", "filesize": "1683936", "filename": "2000.118_print.jpg"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2000.118/2000.118_full.tif", "width": "9864", "height": "7054", "filesize": "208768472", "filename": "2000.118_full.tif"}}, "alternate_images": [{"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2000.118/2000.118_alt0_web.jpg", "width": "641", "height": "900", "filesize": "132140"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2000.118/2000.118_alt0_print.jpg", "width": "2420", "height": "3400", "filesize": "1136663"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2000.118/2000.118_alt0_full.tif", "width": "4911", "height": "6901", "filesize": "101698000"}, "date_created": "2012-10-18T13:54:58", "annotation": ""}], "creditline": "Gift of various donors to the department of Asian Art (by exchange)", "image_credit": null, "sketchfab_id": null, "sketchfab_url": null, "gallery_donor_text": "Clara T. Rankin Galleries of Chinese Art", "athena_id": 161426, "creators": [], "legal_status": "accessioned", "accession_date": "2000-12-04T00:00:00", "sortable_date": 700, "date_added_to_oa": null, "date_text": "early 700s", "collapse_artists": false, "on_loan": false, "recently_acquired": false, "record_type": "cover", "conservation_statement": null, "has_conservation_images": false, "cover_accession_number": null, "is_nazi_era_provenance": false, "impression": null, "alternate_titles": ["Tomb Guardian with Animal Head"], "is_highlight": false, "updated_at": "2026-05-29 08:23:37.283000"}}