{"data": {"id": 161428, "accession_number": "2000.118.2", "share_license_status": "CC0", "tombstone": "Tomb Guardian with Human Face (\u93ae\u5893\u7378), early 700s. China, probably Shaanxi province, Xi'an, Tang dynasty (618-907). Glazed earthenware, sancai (three-color) ware; overall: 88.9 x 41 x 50.8 cm (35 x 16 1/8 x 20 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift of various donors to the department of Asian Art (by exchange), 2000.118.2", "current_location": "239 Chinese Ceramics and Metalwork", "title": "Tomb Guardian with Human Face", "title_in_original_language": "\u93ae\u5893\u7378", "creation_date": "early 700s", "creation_date_earliest": 700, "creation_date_latest": 725, "artists_tags": [], "culture": ["China, probably Shaanxi province, Xi'an, Tang dynasty (618-907)"], "technique": "glazed earthenware, sancai (three-color) ware", "support_materials": [], "department": "Chinese Art", "collection": "China - Tang Dynasty", "type": "Ceramic", "measurements": "Overall: 88.9 x 41 x 50.8 cm (35 x 16 1/8 x 20 in.)", "dimensions": {"overall": {"height": 0.889, "height_inch": 35, "height_inch_fraction": 0.0, "width": 0.41, "width_inch": 16, "width_inch_fraction": 0.125, "depth": 0.508, "depth_inch": 20, "depth_inch_fraction": 0.0}}, "state_of_the_work": null, "edition_of_the_work": null, "copyright": null, "inscriptions": [], "exhibitions": {"current": [{"id": 666891, "title": "Demons, Ghosts, and Goblins in Chinese Art", "description": "<i>Demons, Ghosts, and Goblins in Chinese Art</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (September 8, 2024-January 20, 2025).", "opening_date": "2024-09-08T04:00:00"}], "legacy": []}, "provenance": [{"description": "(Kaikodo America Inc., New York, NY, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art)", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "?-2000", "sortorder": 1}, {"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "2000-", "sortorder": 2}], "find_spot": null, "related_works": [], "former_accession_numbers": [], "did_you_know": "Cobalt blue glaze used on the head and chest was imported from the Middle East.", "early_education_description": null, "artlens_description": null, "description": "With their fierce expressions and exaggerated physical features, these two fantastic guardian creatures were intended to guard the entrance to a tomb, warding off evil as well as keeping the soul of the deceased from wandering. Known as \"earth spirits\" or <em>qitou</em>, this one sports a human face with huge protruding ears and a short horn surrounded by fiery, twisting hair; the other has an animal face and a pair of antlers growing above its eyebrows. Their many elongated spikes heighten the fearful intensity.<br><br>Before tomb sculptures were placed in the tomb, they were carried through the streets in a funerary procession. Funerary gifts provided the deceased with means for the afterlife. They were also an expression of filial piety and demonstrated the wealth and power of the descendants.", "external_resources": {"wikidata": ["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60755158"], "internet_archive": ["https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-2000.118.2-tomb-guardian-with-h"]}, "citations": [{"citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art, \u201cTomb Guardian Pair from Tang Dynasty Acquired by CMA,\u201d December 12, 2000, Cleveland Museum of Art Archives.", "page_number": null, "url": "https://archive.org/details/cmapr4361"}, {"citation": "May, Sally Ruth, Jane Takac, and Barbara J. Bradley. <em>Knockouts: A Pocket Guide</em>. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2001.", "page_number": "Reproduced: cat. no. 79, pp. 74\u201375; Mentioned: p. 119", "url": null}, {"citation": "\u201cA Selection of 2001 Museum Acquisitions.\u201d <em>Apollo: The International Magazine of Art &amp; Antiques</em> 154 (December 2001): 24\u201357.", "page_number": "p. 27", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Franklin, David and C. Griffith Mann. <em>Treasures from the Cleveland Museum of Art</em>. Cleveland, OH: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2012.", "page_number": "Reproduced: pp. 74\u201375", "url": null}, {"citation": "Bidwell, Frederick E. and Leslie Cade. <em>The CMA Companion: A Guide to the Cleveland Museum of Art.</em> [Cleveland]: Cleveland Museum of Art; New York, NY: Scala Arts Publishers, 2014.", "page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: p. 95", "url": ""}, {"citation": "von Spee, Clarissa. \"Good or Evil? Demons, ghosts, and goblins in Chinese art.\u201d <em>Cleveland Art: Cleveland Museum of Art Members Magazine </em>64, no. 3 (2024): 10\u201311.", "page_number": "Reproduced and Mentioned: p. 10", "url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAMM-2024-03"}], "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/2000.118.2", "images": {"annotation": null, "web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2000.118.2/2000.118.2_web.jpg", "width": "622", "height": "893", "filesize": "83580", "filename": "2000.118.2_web.jpg"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2000.118.2/2000.118.2_print.jpg", "width": "2370", "height": "3400", "filesize": "912571", "filename": "2000.118.2_print.jpg"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2000.118.2/2000.118.2_full.tif", "width": "5270", "height": "7558", "filesize": "119513972", "filename": "2000.118.2_full.tif"}}, "alternate_images": [{"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2000.118.2/2000.118.2_alt0_web.jpg", 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