{"data": {"id": 164629, "accession_number": "2006.138", "share_license_status": "CC0", "tombstone": "Prestige stool (Kuo fo), possibly 1800s. Africa, Central Africa, Cameroon, Bandjoun Kingdom, Bamileke makers. Wood, cotton, plant fiber, glass beads, and indigo; overall: 51 x 38 x 43 cm (20 1/16 x 14 15/16 x 16 15/16 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Severance and Greta Millikin Purchase Fund, 2006.138", "current_location": null, "title": "Prestige stool (Kuo fo)", "creation_date": "possibly 1800s", "creation_date_earliest": 1800, "creation_date_latest": 1899, "artists_tags": [], "culture": ["Africa, Central Africa, Cameroon, Bandjoun Kingdom, Bamileke makers"], "technique": "Wood, cotton, plant fiber, glass beads, and indigo", "support_materials": [], "department": "African Art", "collection": "African Art", "type": "Furniture and woodwork", "measurements": "Overall: 51 x 38 x 43 cm (20 1/16 x 14 15/16 x 16 15/16 in.)", "dimensions": {"overall": {"height": 0.51, "height_inch": 20, "height_inch_fraction": 0.0625, "width": 0.38, "width_inch": 14, "width_inch_fraction": 0.9375, "depth": 0.43, "depth_inch": 16, "depth_inch_fraction": 0.9375}}, "state_of_the_work": null, "edition_of_the_work": null, "copyright": null, "inscriptions": [], "exhibitions": {"current": [{"id": 412365, "title": "The Language of Beauty in African Art", "description": "<i>The Language of Beauty in African Art</i>. Kimbell Art Museum, Fort Worth, TX (April 3-July 31, 2022) https://kimbellart.org/exhibition/language-beauty-african-art; The Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, IL (organizer) (November 20, 2022-February 27, 2023) https://www.artic.edu/exhibitions/9344/the-language-of-beauty-in-african-art.", "opening_date": "2022-04-03T04:00:00"}], "legacy": [{"description": "Pierre Harter, Arts anciens du Cameroun (Arnouville: Arts d'Afrique Noire, 1986), p. 280 (reproduces the field-photograph Father Frank Christol made in 1925, the original of which is preserved in the archives of the Mus\u00e9e de l'Homme, Paris).", "opening_date": "1925-01-01T00:00:00"}, {"description": "Pierre Harter, Les Rois sculpteurs, exh. cat. (Paris: RMN, 1993), p. 61.", "opening_date": "1993-01-01T00:00:00"}, {"description": "Jean-Paul Notue &amp; Bianca Triaca, Bandjoun (Milan: 5 Continets, 2005), p. 54.", "opening_date": "2005-01-01T00:00:00"}, {"description": "Bettina von Lintig, Cameroun, exh. cat. (Paris: Galerie Bernard Dulon, 2006), p. 125-26 (field photo), 127-29 (object as such).", "opening_date": "2006-01-01T00:00:00"}]}, "provenance": [{"description": "Possibly Fo (King) Fotso I and Fo Fotso II, Bandjoun Kingdom, Cameroon", "citations": [], "footnotes": ["<div><!--block-->Harter Pierre. 1986. <em>Arts Ancien Du Cameroun</em>. Arnouville: Arts d'Afrique Noire, p. 282</div><div><!--block--><br></div><div><!--block--><br></div><div><!--block--><br></div>"], "date": "19th century", "sortorder": 1}, {"description": "Fo Kamga II Joseph (1902-1975; r. 1925-1975), Bandjoun Kingdom, Cameroon possibly by descent from the above", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "by at least 1925-", "sortorder": 2}, {"description": "possibly Rev. Frank Christol (1884\u20131979)", "citations": [], "footnotes": ["<div><!--block-->Pierre Harter (b. 1928) suggested this may have been amongst a group of objects that Christol sold to Ratton. Unpublished/undated text, curatorial file.</div>"], "date": "1925", "sortorder": 3}, {"description": "Charles Ratton (1895\u20131986), Paris, France", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "before 1940 (perhaps earlier) to 1974", "sortorder": 4}, {"description": "Charles-Fran\u00e7ois Ratton (son of Charles), Paris by gift from the above", "citations": [], "footnotes": ["<div><!--block-->Nouveau Drouot auction house,&nbsp;<em>Arts Primitifs</em>, July 2, 1987. Lot 216, p 39. Note: though listed, this work did not sell at this auction.</div>"], "date": "1974-?", "sortorder": 5}, {"description": "Bernard Dulon, Paris, France", "citations": [], "footnotes": ["<div><!--block-->Email with Galerie Bernard Dulon, 2/23/2021; CMA Curatorial File.</div>"], "date": null, "sortorder": 6}, {"description": "Yves Develon", "citations": [], "footnotes": ["<div><!--block-->Email with Galerie Bernard Dulon, 2/23/2021; CMA Curatorial File.</div>"], "date": null, "sortorder": 7}, {"description": "Private collection, Paris by purchase from Yves Develon (sold on their behalf by Galerie Bernard Dulon, Paris, France, to the Cleveland Museum of Art)", "citations": [], "footnotes": ["<div><!--block-->Email with Galerie Bernard Dulon, 2/23/2021; CMA Curatorial File.</div>"], "date": "-2006", "sortorder": 8}, {"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "2006-", "sortorder": 9}], "find_spot": null, "related_works": [], "former_accession_numbers": [], "did_you_know": "The beads on this stool were sewn on by hand. Look underneath the stool, however, and you can see commercially made printed fabric.", "early_education_description": null, "artlens_description": null, "description": "Bead-covered wooden stools and thrones are one of the most prevalent art forms among the various kingdoms and chiefdoms in the Cameroon Grassfields region. This example, once part of the royal treasury, belongs in the category of \"travel stools,\" usually used in conjunction with more private, minor ceremonies and rituals at the palace. The leopard imagery confirms the object\u2019s royal status. It alludes to the belief that the king could temporarily transform himself into this feared predator.", "external_resources": {"wikidata": ["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60757358"], "internet_archive": ["https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-2006.138-prestige-stool-kuo", "https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-2006.138-prestige-stool-kuo-f"]}, "citations": [{"citation": "Biro, Yae\u0308lle. 2018. \u201cThe Canon and Its Consequences : The Reception of Bamileke Tsesah Crests.\u201d <em>Tribal Art:</em> 22 (2) No. 87 Spring 2018 Pages 118-131. Fig. 17 (ca. 1925 photograph by Frank Christol)", "page_number": "", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Print: Windmuller-Luna, Kristen. \"Sitting Pretty.\" <em>Apollo Magazine</em>, July/August 2023, pp. 60\u201365<br><br>Online: Windmuller-Luna, Kristen. \"How a leopard stool from Cameroon got its spots.\" <em>Apollo Magazine</em>. July 3, 2023.", "page_number": "", "url": "https://www.apollo-magazine.com/cameroonian-leopard-stool-cleveland-museum-of-art/"}, {"citation": "Harter, Pierre.<em> Arts anciens du Cameroun</em>. Arnouville: Arts d'Afrique noire, 1986.", "page_number": "p. 280", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Ho\u0302tel Drouot.<em> Arts primitifs.</em> 1987.", "page_number": "lot 216", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Muse\u0301e national des arts africains et oce\u0301aniens, Louis Perrois, and Henri Marchal.<em> Les rois sculpteurs: art et pouvoir dans le grassland camerounais : legs Pierre Harter.</em> Paris: Re\u0301union des muse\u0301es nationaux, 1993.", "page_number": "p. 61", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Notue\u0301, Jean-Paul, and Bianca Triaca.<em> Bandjoun: tre\u0301sors royaux au Cameroun : Bandjoun, tradition dynamique, cre\u0301ation et vie : catalogue du Muse\u0301e de Bandjoun</em>. Milan: 5 continents, 2005.", "page_number": "p. 54", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Lintig, Bettina von, and Hughes Dubois. <em>Cameroun</em>. [Montreuil]: [Gourcuff Gradenigo Paris], 2006.", "page_number": "pp. 127-29, 168-69", "url": ""}, {"citation": "<em>Annual Report, July 1, 2006--July 30, 2007.</em> Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2007.", "page_number": "pp. 30-31", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Petridis, Constantine, \"King Kamga's Travel Stool\", Cleveland Museum of Art. <em>Cleveland Art: The Cleveland Museum of Art Members Magazine</em>. Vol. 47 no. 05, May/June 2007.", "page_number": "Mentioned & reproduced: pp. 6-7", "url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAMM2007-05/page/n5"}, {"citation": "Petridis, Constantine. \u201cNew Acquisitions of African Art at the Cleveland Museum of Art.\u201d <em>African Arts</em> 44, no. 1 (2011).", "page_number": "pp. 52-67, fig. 8, note 12", "url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/41330706"}, {"citation": "Franklin, David. <em>The Cleveland Museum of Art.</em> London: Scala Arts &amp; Heritage Publishers Ltd., 2012.", "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 56 - 57", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art, David Franklin, and C. Griffith Mann. <em>Treasures from the Cleveland Museum of Art</em>. Cleveland, OH: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2012.", "page_number": "244-5", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Lintig, Bettina von. 2014. \"A Grasslands Beaded Leopard Skin.\" <em>Tribal Art</em> vol. 18:3, no. 72 (summer).", "page_number": "pp. 108-117, fig. 6", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Rondeau, James, Constantijn Petridis, Yae\u0308lle Biro, Herbert M. Cole, Kassim Kone, Babatunde Lawal, Wilfried Van Damme, and Susan Mullin Vogel. <em>The language of beauty in African art. </em>2022.", "page_number": "cat. no. 22, pp. 52, 316", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Petridis, Constantine. 2022. \"The Language of Beauty in African Art.\" <em>Tribal Art</em> vol. 26:4, no. 105 (autumn).", "page_number": "pp. 70-79 [reproduced as Fig. 6 on p. 73", "url": ""}, {"citation": "\"The Language of Beauty in African Art.\"<em> Kimbell Art Museum Members' Guide</em> (March\u2013September 2022): 2-7.", "page_number": "Reproduced:  P. 3.", "url": ""}], "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/2006.138", "images": {"annotation": null, "web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2006.138/2006.138_web.jpg", "width": "768", "height": "900", "filesize": "241222", "filename": "2006.138_web.jpg"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2006.138/2006.138_print.jpg", "width": "2902", "height": "3400", "filesize": "1981210", "filename": 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