{"data": {"id": 95848, "accession_number": "1916.1526", "share_license_status": "CC0", "tombstone": "Demi-Chanfron, c. 1550. Germany, Augsburg. Steel, etched and gilded; leather; overall: 6.8 x 24.5 cm (2 11/16 x 9 5/8 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift of Mr. and Mrs. John L. Severance, 1916.1526", "current_location": "210A Armor Court", "title": "Demi-Chanfron", "creation_date": "c. 1550", "creation_date_earliest": 1545, "creation_date_latest": 1555, "artists_tags": [], "culture": ["Germany, Augsburg"], "technique": "steel, etched and gilded; leather", "support_materials": [], "department": "Medieval Art", "collection": "MED - Arms & Armor", "type": "Arms and Armor", "measurements": "Overall: 6.8 x 24.5 cm (2 11/16 x 9 5/8 in.)", "dimensions": {"overall": {"height": 0.068, "height_inch": 2, "height_inch_fraction": 0.6875, "width": 0.245, "width_inch": 9, "width_inch_fraction": 0.625}}, "state_of_the_work": null, "edition_of_the_work": null, "copyright": null, "inscriptions": [], "exhibitions": {"current": [{"id": 309581, "title": "Master Goldsmiths of the Renaissance: Their Models and Designs", "description": "<i>Master Goldsmiths of the Renaissance: Their Models and Designs</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (November 2, 1982-March 20, 1983).", "opening_date": "1982-11-02T05:00:00"}, {"id": 190103, "title": "Armor Court Reinstallation", "description": "<i>Armor Court Reinstallation</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art (organizer).", "opening_date": "1998-09-10T00:00:00"}], "legacy": []}, "provenance": [{"description": "Philip II of Spain (1527-1598)", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": null, "sortorder": null}, {"description": "Frederic Spitzer (1815\u20131890), London England, and Paris, France", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": null, "sortorder": 2}, {"description": "Frank Gair Macomber, Boston, MA, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "?-1916", "sortorder": 3}, {"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "1916-", "sortorder": 4}], "find_spot": null, "related_works": [], "former_accession_numbers": [], "did_you_know": "A knight depended on his horse as both a weapon and a means of defense, and thus went to great lengths to care for and protect his charger.", "early_education_description": null, "artlens_description": null, "description": "The chanfron, head defense for a horse, was introduced in the 1300s. It included two side pieces to protect the cheeks. In the 16th and 17th centuries, when armor failed to protect against firearms, it assumed greater importance as ornament. For this reason the demi (or half) chanfron covered the forehead of the horse but extended, like this one, only halfway down the nose. The Habsburg Spanish Court was served by the armorers of Augsburg in the 16th century. This impressively decorated piece, by tradition, is said to have once belonged to Philip II of Spain (1527\u20131598).", "external_resources": {"wikidata": ["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60755245"], "internet_archive": ["https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1916.1526-demi-chanfron"]}, "citations": [{"citation": "Galerie Georges Petit, Paris. <em>Armes &amp; Armures</em>. June 10-14, 1895. Lot 88.", "page_number": "Mentioned: vol. I, p. 24, lot 88; Reproduced: vol. II, p. [17], lot 88", "url": "https://archive.org/details/SpitzerV1/page/n31"}, {"citation": "<em>Catalogue of Arms and Armour</em>. Vol. 3, <em>16th century</em>. [Boston, Massachusetts]: [Frank Gair Macomber], [1900-1915].", "page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: No. (135) 138", "url": "https://archive.org/details/CatArmsArmour3_201602/page/n150"}, {"citation": "Gilchrist, Helen Ives. <em>A Catalogue of the Collection of Arms &amp; Armor Presented to the Cleveland Museum of Art by Mr. and Mrs. John Long Severance; 1916-1923</em>. Cleveland: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1924.", "page_number": "Mentioned: p. 232, J4; Reproduced: Plate XLVII, J4; XLVIII, J4", "url": "https://archive.org/details/SeveranceCollection1924/page/n327"}, {"citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art, and Helen Ives Gilchrist. <em>Handbook of the Severance Collection of Arms and Armor</em>. 2d ed., 1948.", "page_number": "Reproduction: p. 49", "url": "https://archive.org/details/HandbookArmsArmor1948/page/n55"}, {"citation": "Fliegel, Stephen N. <em>Arms and Armor: The Cleveland Museum of Art.</em> [Cleveland, Ohio]: The Museum, 1998.", "page_number": "p. 67; p. 97; cat. no. 69, p. 165", "url": null}, {"citation": "Fliegel, Stephen N. <em>Arms &amp; Armor: The Cleveland Museum of Art</em>. [Cleveland, Ohio]: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2007.", "page_number": "cat. no. 70, p. 185", "url": null}], "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1916.1526", "images": {"annotation": null, "web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1916.1526/1916.1526_web.jpg", "width": "667", "height": "900", "filesize": "232921", "filename": "1916.1526_web.jpg"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1916.1526/1916.1526_print.jpg", "width": "2520", "height": "3400", "filesize": "2206907", "filename": "1916.1526_print.jpg"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1916.1526/1916.1526_full.tif", "width": "3446", "height": "4649", "filesize": "48087744", "filename": "1916.1526_full.tif"}}, "alternate_images": [{"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1916.1526/1916.1526_alt0_web.jpg", "width": "662", "height": "893", "filesize": "407024"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1916.1526/1916.1526_alt0_print.jpg", "width": "1518", "height": "2048", "filesize": "2280242"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1916.1526/1916.1526_alt0_full.tif", "width": "1518", "height": "2048", "filesize": "9330052"}, "annotation": ""}], "creditline": "Gift of Mr. and Mrs. John L. Severance", "image_credit": null, "sketchfab_id": null, "sketchfab_url": null, "gallery_donor_text": null, "athena_id": 95848, "creators": [], "legal_status": "accessioned", "accession_date": "1916-04-10T00:00:00", "sortable_date": 1545, "date_added_to_oa": null, "date_text": "c. 1550", "collapse_artists": false, "on_loan": false, "recently_acquired": false, "record_type": "object", "conservation_statement": null, "has_conservation_images": false, "cover_accession_number": null, "is_nazi_era_provenance": false, "impression": null, "alternate_titles": [], "is_highlight": false, "updated_at": "2026-05-29 05:09:17.492000"}}