{"info": {"total": 27, "parameters": {"skip": 0, "limit": 1000, "q": "betel", "select": "accession_number,accession_number_sortable,cover_accession_number,department,gallery,department,classification_type,collection", "search": "betel"}}, "data": [{"id": 95249, "accession_number": "1916.1023", "share_license_status": "CC0", "tombstone": "Betel nut container, 1800s. Philippines, Mindanao, most likely Maranao. Cast brass with silver inlays, weave fabric (handle), glass beads; average: 7.4 cm (2 15/16 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift of J. H. Wade, 1916.1023", "current_location": null, "title": "Betel nut container", "creation_date": "1800s", "creation_date_earliest": 1800, "creation_date_latest": 1899, "artists_tags": [], "culture": ["Philippines, Mindanao, most likely Maranao"], "technique": "Cast brass with silver inlays, weave fabric (handle), glass beads", "support_materials": [], "department": "Oceania", "collection": "Oceanic Art", "type": "Arms and Armor", "measurements": "Average: 7.4 cm (2 15/16 in.)", "dimensions": {"average": {"width": 0.074, "width_inch": 2, "width_inch_fraction": 0.9375, "length": 0.151, "length_inch": 5, "length_inch_fraction": 0.9375}}, "state_of_the_work": null, "edition_of_the_work": null, "copyright": null, "inscriptions": [], "exhibitions": {"current": [], "legacy": []}, "provenance": [{"description": "(Walter C. Hill, New York, NY, sold to Jeptha H. Wade II)", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": null, "sortorder": 1}, {"description": "Jeptha Homer Wade II [1857\u20131926], Cleveland, OH, given to the Cleveland Museum of Art", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "? by 1914\u20131916", "sortorder": 2}, {"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "1916\u2013", "sortorder": 3}], "find_spot": null, "related_works": [], "former_accession_numbers": ["319.1915"], "did_you_know": "The beaded strap suggests portability; it may have been worn or suspended during social gatherings.", "early_education_description": null, "artlens_description": null, "description": "Chewing betel has been a social ritual common throughout Southeast Asia and Oceania for centuries. This betel nut container held the ingredients (areca nut, slaked lime, and betel leaves) used for this practice. The rectangular box, made of cast brass, is richly decorated with inlaid silver geometric motifs. It features a multicolored beaded strap with a pattern typical of the Bagobo people.", "external_resources": {"wikidata": ["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79476497"], "internet_archive": ["https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1916.1023-box"]}, "citations": [], "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1916.1023", "images": {"annotation": null, "web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1916.1023/1916.1023_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "700", "filesize": "238048", "filename": "1916.1023_web.jpg"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1916.1023/1916.1023_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "2644", "filesize": "1725062", "filename": "1916.1023_print.jpg"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1916.1023/1916.1023_full.tif", "width": "6594", "height": "5128", "filesize": "101468444", "filename": "1916.1023_full.tif"}}, "alternate_images": [{"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1916.1023/1916.1023_alt0_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "718", "filesize": "245065"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1916.1023/1916.1023_alt0_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "2712", "filesize": "1754840"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1916.1023/1916.1023_alt0_full.tif", "width": "7363", "height": "5874", "filesize": "129777248"}, "date_created": "2019-10-18T14:54:55", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1916.1023/1916.1023_alt1_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "518", "filesize": "181249"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1916.1023/1916.1023_alt1_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "1956", "filesize": "1197644"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1916.1023/1916.1023_alt1_full.tif", "width": "7373", "height": "4241", "filesize": "93831916"}, "date_created": "2019-10-18T15:02:20", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1916.1023/1916.1023_alt2_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "571", "filesize": "180000"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1916.1023/1916.1023_alt2_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "2156", "filesize": "1196524"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1916.1023/1916.1023_alt2_full.tif", "width": "6734", "height": "4270", "filesize": "86287684"}, "date_created": "2019-10-18T14:56:33", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1916.1023/1916.1023_alt3_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "520", "filesize": "177044"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1916.1023/1916.1023_alt3_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "1964", "filesize": "1223125"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1916.1023/1916.1023_alt3_full.tif", "width": "7066", "height": "4082", "filesize": "86555152"}, "date_created": "2019-10-18T14:57:42", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1916.1023/1916.1023_alt4_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "676", "filesize": "246477"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1916.1023/1916.1023_alt4_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "2553", "filesize": "2077201"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1916.1023/1916.1023_alt4_full.tif", "width": "6471", "height": "4859", "filesize": "94354284"}, "date_created": "2019-10-18T14:59:43", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1916.1023/1916.1023_alt5_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "462", "filesize": "178412"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1916.1023/1916.1023_alt5_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "1745", "filesize": "1225393"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1916.1023/1916.1023_alt5_full.tif", "width": "7687", "height": "3945", "filesize": "91000644"}, "date_created": "2019-10-18T15:00:57", "annotation": ""}], "creditline": "Gift of J. H. Wade", "image_credit": null, "sketchfab_id": null, "sketchfab_url": null, "gallery_donor_text": null, "athena_id": 95249, "creators": [], "legal_status": "accessioned", "accession_date": "1916-03-12T00:00:00", "sortable_date": 1800, "date_added_to_oa": null, "date_text": "1800s", "collapse_artists": false, "on_loan": false, "recently_acquired": false, "record_type": "object", "conservation_statement": null, "has_conservation_images": false, "cover_accession_number": null, "is_nazi_era_provenance": false, "impression": null, "alternate_titles": [], "is_highlight": false, "updated_at": "2026-06-22 19:23:44.482000"}, {"id": 170083, "accession_number": "2012.300", "share_license_status": "CC0", "tombstone": "Sultan and Musicians, c. 1650. Mughal India, Deccan. Gum tempera and gold on paper; image: 16.9 x 20.4 cm (6 5/8 x 8 1/16 in.); border: 20.3 x 23.6 cm (8 x 9 5/16 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift of Dr. Norman Zaworski, 2012.300", "current_location": null, "title": "Sultan and Musicians", "creation_date": "c. 1650", "creation_date_earliest": 1645, "creation_date_latest": 1655, "artists_tags": [], "culture": ["Mughal India, Deccan"], "technique": "Gum tempera and gold on paper", "support_materials": [], "department": "Indian and Southeast Asian Art", "collection": "Indian Art - Mughal", "type": "Painting", "measurements": "Image: 16.9 x 20.4 cm (6 5/8 x 8 1/16 in.); Border: 20.3 x 23.6 cm (8 x 9 5/16 in.)", "dimensions": {"image": {"height": 0.169, "height_inch": 6, "height_inch_fraction": 0.625, "width": 0.204, "width_inch": 8, "width_inch_fraction": 0.0625}, "border": {"height": 0.203, "height_inch": 8, "height_inch_fraction": 0.0, "width": 0.236, "width_inch": 9, "width_inch_fraction": 0.3125}}, "state_of_the_work": null, "edition_of_the_work": null, "copyright": null, "inscriptions": [], "exhibitions": {"current": [{"id": 308686, "title": "Indian Gallery 242 Rotation \u2013 April-November 2018", "description": "<i>Indian Gallery 242 Rotation \u2013 April-November 2018</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art (organizer) (April 2-November 18, 2018).", "opening_date": "2018-04-02T04:00:00"}, {"id": 665205, "title": "Carpets and Canopies in Mughal India\u200b (Indian art rotation)", "description": "<i>Carpets and Canopies in Mughal India\u200b (Indian art rotation)</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (March 22-September 8, 2024).", "opening_date": "2024-03-22T04:00:00"}], "legacy": []}, "provenance": [{"description": "Dr. Norman Zaworski [1920\u20132013], Cleveland, OH, given to the Cleveland Museum of Art", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "?\u20132012", "sortorder": 1}, {"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "2012\u2013", "sortorder": 2}], "find_spot": null, "related_works": [], "former_accession_numbers": [], "did_you_know": "The two singers with open mouths may be performing a work by a mystic of the Sufi branch of Islam, given the essential role of music in Sufism and the pious mood of the all-male gathering.", "early_education_description": null, "artlens_description": null, "description": "The tone-on-tone pale mustard-yellow carpet and orange floor cushion furnish the terrace with a seat of honor for the figure dressed in white. The peacock-feather whisk held by an attendant behind him is an emblem of his royal status. Lying conspicuously before his knees, Muslim prayer beads mark him as a man of piety. He also partakes in courtly pleasures of hookah smoking and <em>paan</em> chewing. Green triangular paan packets consist of betel nut, lime, and flavorful aromatics such as cinnamon or coconut, wrapped in betel leaf. A brass spittoon by his side would be used for spitting throughout the enjoyable process of chewing the packets.", "external_resources": {"wikidata": ["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60480953"], "internet_archive": ["https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-2012.300-sultan-and-musicians"]}, "citations": [], "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/2012.300", "images": {"annotation": null, "web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2012.300/2012.300_web.jpg", "width": "1075", "height": "893", "filesize": "212189", "filename": "2012.300_web.jpg"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2012.300/2012.300_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "2824", "filesize": "2019827", "filename": "2012.300_print.jpg"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2012.300/2012.300_full.tif", "width": "5398", "height": "4484", "filesize": "72635804", "filename": "2012.300_full.tif"}}, "alternate_images": [{"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2012.300/2012.300_alt0_web.jpg", "width": "1072", "height": "893", "filesize": "240153"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2012.300/2012.300_alt0_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "2832", "filesize": "2119311"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2012.300/2012.300_alt0_full.tif", "width": "5416", "height": "4512", "filesize": "73332912"}, "date_created": "2011-08-01T14:10:36", "annotation": ""}], "creditline": "Gift of Dr. Norman Zaworski", "image_credit": null, "sketchfab_id": null, "sketchfab_url": null, "gallery_donor_text": null, "athena_id": 170083, "creators": [], "legal_status": "accessioned", "accession_date": "2012-12-03T00:00:00", "sortable_date": 1645, "date_added_to_oa": null, "date_text": "c. 1650", "collapse_artists": false, "on_loan": false, "recently_acquired": false, "record_type": "object", "conservation_statement": null, "has_conservation_images": false, "cover_accession_number": null, "is_nazi_era_provenance": false, "impression": null, "alternate_titles": ["Raja & Musicians"], "is_highlight": false, "updated_at": "2026-05-29 08:44:24.018000"}, {"id": 387678, "accession_number": "2020.206", "share_license_status": "CC0", "tombstone": "Bidri Pandan with Chevrons, c. 1700. Southwestern India, Deccan, Karnataka, Bidar\u200b. Zinc alloy with silver overlay; diameter: 15 cm (5 7/8 in.); height: 10.5 cm (4 1/8 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Severance and Greta Millikin Purchase Fund, 2020.206", "current_location": null, "title": "Bidri Pandan with Chevrons", "creation_date": "c. 1700", "creation_date_earliest": 1690, "creation_date_latest": 1710, "artists_tags": [], "culture": ["Southwestern India, Deccan, Karnataka, Bidar\u200b"], "technique": "Zinc alloy with silver overlay", "support_materials": [], "department": "Indian and Southeast Asian Art", "collection": "Indian Art", "type": "Metalwork", "measurements": "Diameter: 15 cm (5 7/8 in.); height: 10.5 cm (4 1/8 in.)", "dimensions": {"height": {"height": 0.105, "height_inch": 4, "height_inch_fraction": 0.125}, "diameter": {"width": 0.15, "width_inch": 5, "width_inch_fraction": 0.875}}, "state_of_the_work": null, "edition_of_the_work": null, "copyright": null, "inscriptions": [], "exhibitions": {"current": [{"id": 379162, "title": "Life and Exploits of Krishna in Indian Paintings", "description": "<i>Life and Exploits of Krishna in Indian Paintings</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (September 1, 2021-February 6, 2022).", "opening_date": "2021-09-01T04:00:00"}], "legacy": [{"description": "<em>Life at court: art for India's rulers, 16th-19th centuries. </em>Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, MA (November 20, 1985-February 9, 1986).", "opening_date": "1985-11-20T00:00:00"}]}, "provenance": [{"description": "Dr. Mark Zebrowski [1945-1999], London, UK, by descent to his partner John Robert Alderman", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "1968-1999", "sortorder": 1}, {"description": "(John Robert Alderman, London, UK, consigned to Francesca Galloway, Ltd. for sale)", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "1999-2020", "sortorder": 2}, {"description": "(Francesca Galloway, Ltd., London, UK, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art)", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "2020", "sortorder": 3}, {"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "2020-", "sortorder": 4}], "find_spot": null, "related_works": [], "former_accession_numbers": [], "did_you_know": "The lime powder in <em>paan</em> functioned as an ancient antacid after meals.", "early_education_description": null, "artlens_description": null, "description": "A <em>pandan</em> is a lidded vessel for serving <em>paan</em>, which has been enjoyed in India for more than two thousand years. Paan is betel or areca nut mixed with lime powder, aromatics such as clove cinnamon, or cardamom, and wrapped in betel leaf. The whole packet is chewed after a meal as a mild stimulant and mouth freshener.", "external_resources": {"wikidata": ["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117244810"], "internet_archive": ["https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-2020.206-bidri-pandan-with-ch"]}, "citations": [{"citation": "Zebrowski, Mark. <em>Gold, Silver &amp; Bronze from Mughal India</em>. London: Alexandria Press in association with Laurence King, 1997.", "page_number": "Reproduced: pp. 233, 235, and color plate 514", "url": null}], "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/2020.206", "images": {"annotation": null, "web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2020.206/2020.206_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "744", "filesize": "222480", "filename": "2020.206_web.jpg"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2020.206/2020.206_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "2811", "filesize": "1679784", "filename": "2020.206_print.jpg"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2020.206/2020.206_full.tif", "width": "5418", "height": "4479", "filesize": "72828800", "filename": "2020.206_full.tif"}}, "alternate_images": [{"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2020.206/2020.206_alt0_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "745", "filesize": "220638"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2020.206/2020.206_alt0_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "2816", "filesize": "1662499"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2020.206/2020.206_alt0_full.tif", "width": "5418", "height": "4487", "filesize": "72958868"}, "date_created": "2021-07-19T20:51:21", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2020.206/2020.206_alt1_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "757", "filesize": "253266"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2020.206/2020.206_alt1_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "2861", "filesize": "2214019"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2020.206/2020.206_alt1_full.tif", "width": "3742", "height": "3149", "filesize": "35377640"}, "date_created": "2020-09-02T15:38:38", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2020.206/2020.206_alt2_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "769", "filesize": "255964"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2020.206/2020.206_alt2_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "2904", "filesize": "2278258"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2020.206/2020.206_alt2_full.tif", "width": "4741", "height": "4050", "filesize": "57629840"}, "date_created": "2020-09-02T16:13:42", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2020.206/2020.206_alt3_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "516", "filesize": "187644"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2020.206/2020.206_alt3_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "1950", "filesize": "1594865"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2020.206/2020.206_alt3_full.tif", "width": "7320", "height": "4198", "filesize": "92213228"}, "date_created": "2020-09-02T16:40:37", "annotation": ""}], "creditline": "Severance and Greta Millikin Purchase Fund", "image_credit": null, "sketchfab_id": "81a1581843af42c193ae66eeb5830fc9", "sketchfab_url": "https://sketchfab.com/models/81a1581843af42c193ae66eeb5830fc9", "gallery_donor_text": null, "athena_id": 387678, "creators": [], "legal_status": "accessioned", "accession_date": "2020-09-14T00:00:00-04:00", "sortable_date": 1690, "date_added_to_oa": null, "date_text": "c. 1700", "collapse_artists": false, "on_loan": false, "recently_acquired": false, "record_type": "cover", "conservation_statement": null, "has_conservation_images": false, "cover_accession_number": null, "is_nazi_era_provenance": false, "impression": null, "alternate_titles": ["Bidri Pandan", "Lidded Box for Paan (Pandan)"], "is_highlight": false, "updated_at": "2026-10-21 07:03:43.990000"}, {"id": 399505, "accession_number": "2020.206.b", "share_license_status": "CC0", "tombstone": "Lid for a Bidri Pandan with Chevrons, c. 1700. Southwestern India, Deccan, Karnataka, Bidar\u200b. Zinc alloy with silver overlay; diameter: 15 cm (5 7/8 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Severance and Greta Millikin Purchase Fund, 2020.206.b", "current_location": null, "title": "Lid for a Bidri Pandan with Chevrons", "creation_date": "c. 1700", "creation_date_earliest": 1690, "creation_date_latest": 1710, "artists_tags": [], "culture": ["Southwestern India, Deccan, Karnataka, Bidar\u200b"], "technique": "Zinc alloy with silver overlay", "support_materials": [], "department": "Indian and Southeast Asian Art", "collection": "Indian Art", "type": "Metalwork", "measurements": "Diameter: 15 cm (5 7/8 in.)", "dimensions": {"diameter": {"width": 0.15, "width_inch": 5, "width_inch_fraction": 0.875}}, "state_of_the_work": null, "edition_of_the_work": null, "copyright": null, "inscriptions": [], "exhibitions": {"current": [{"id": 379162, "title": "Life and Exploits of Krishna in Indian Paintings", "description": "<i>Life and Exploits of Krishna in Indian Paintings</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (September 1, 2021-February 6, 2022).", "opening_date": "2021-09-01T04:00:00"}], "legacy": [{"description": "<em>Life at court: art for India's rulers, 16th-19th centuries. </em>Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, MA (November 20, 1985-February 9, 1986).", "opening_date": "1985-11-20T00:00:00"}]}, "provenance": [{"description": "Dr. Mark Zebrowski [1945-1999], London, UK, by descent to his partner John Robert Alderman", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "1968-1999", "sortorder": 1}, {"description": "(John Robert Alderman, London, UK, consigned to Francesca Galloway, Ltd. for sale)", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "1999-2020", "sortorder": 2}, {"description": "(Francesca Galloway, Ltd., London, UK, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art)", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "2020", "sortorder": 3}, {"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "2020-", "sortorder": 4}], "find_spot": null, "related_works": [], "former_accession_numbers": [], "did_you_know": "The lime powder in <em>paan</em> functioned as an ancient antacid after meals.", "early_education_description": null, "artlens_description": null, "description": "A <em>pandan</em> is a lidded vessel for serving <em>paan</em>, which has been enjoyed in India for more than two thousand years. Paan is betel or areca nut mixed with lime powder, aromatics such as clove cinnamon, or cardamom, and wrapped in betel leaf. The whole packet is chewed after a meal as a mild stimulant and mouth freshener.", "external_resources": {"wikidata": ["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117245220"], "internet_archive": ["https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-2020.206.b-lid-for-a-bidri-pand"]}, "citations": [{"citation": "Zebrowski, Mark. <em>Gold, Silver &amp; Bronze from Mughal India</em>. London: Alexandria Press in association with Laurence King, 1997.", "page_number": "Reproduced: pp. 233, 235, and color plate 514", "url": null}], "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/2020.206.b", "images": {"annotation": null, "web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2020.206.b/2020.206.b_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "847", "filesize": "244648", "filename": "2020.206.b_web.jpg"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2020.206.b/2020.206.b_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "3198", "filesize": "1854404", "filename": "2020.206.b_print.jpg"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2020.206.b/2020.206.b_full.tif", "width": "4751", "height": "4469", "filesize": "63724648", "filename": "2020.206.b_full.tif"}}, "alternate_images": [{"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2020.206.b/2020.206.b_alt0_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "799", "filesize": "214285"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2020.206.b/2020.206.b_alt0_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "3020", "filesize": "1842375"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2020.206.b/2020.206.b_alt0_full.tif", "width": "5196", "height": "4616", "filesize": "71979732"}, "date_created": "2021-07-19T21:25:31", "annotation": ""}], "creditline": "Severance and Greta Millikin Purchase Fund", "image_credit": null, "sketchfab_id": "c68c6a92e8a64f818f3dbad0f13a53f0", "sketchfab_url": "https://sketchfab.com/models/c68c6a92e8a64f818f3dbad0f13a53f0", "gallery_donor_text": null, "athena_id": 399505, "creators": [], "legal_status": "accessioned", "accession_date": "2020-09-14T00:00:00-04:00", "sortable_date": 1690, "date_added_to_oa": null, "date_text": "c. 1700", "collapse_artists": false, "on_loan": false, "recently_acquired": false, "record_type": "part", "conservation_statement": null, "has_conservation_images": false, "cover_accession_number": "2020.206", "is_nazi_era_provenance": false, "impression": null, "alternate_titles": ["Bidri Pandan", "Lidded Box for Paan (Pandan)"], "is_highlight": false, "updated_at": "2026-10-21 07:03:44.925000"}, {"id": 399504, "accession_number": "2020.206.a", "share_license_status": "CC0", "tombstone": "Bidri Pandan with Chevrons, c. 1700. Southwestern India, Deccan, Karnataka, Bidar\u200b. Zinc alloy with silver overlay; diameter: 15 cm (5 7/8 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Severance and Greta Millikin Purchase Fund, 2020.206.a", "current_location": null, "title": "Bidri Pandan with Chevrons", "creation_date": "c. 1700", "creation_date_earliest": 1690, "creation_date_latest": 1710, "artists_tags": [], "culture": ["Southwestern India, Deccan, Karnataka, Bidar\u200b"], "technique": "Zinc alloy with silver overlay", "support_materials": [], "department": "Indian and Southeast Asian Art", "collection": "Indian Art", "type": "Metalwork", "measurements": "Diameter: 15 cm (5 7/8 in.)", "dimensions": {"diameter": {"width": 0.15, "width_inch": 5, "width_inch_fraction": 0.875}}, "state_of_the_work": null, "edition_of_the_work": null, "copyright": null, "inscriptions": [], "exhibitions": {"current": [{"id": 379162, "title": "Life and Exploits of Krishna in Indian Paintings", "description": "<i>Life and Exploits of Krishna in Indian Paintings</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (September 1, 2021-February 6, 2022).", "opening_date": "2021-09-01T04:00:00"}], "legacy": [{"description": "<em>Life at court: art for India's rulers, 16th-19th centuries. </em>Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, MA (November 20, 1985-February 9, 1986).", "opening_date": "1985-11-20T00:00:00"}]}, "provenance": [{"description": "Dr. Mark Zebrowski [1945-1999], London, UK, by descent to his partner John Robert Alderman", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "1968-1999", "sortorder": 1}, {"description": "(John Robert Alderman, London, UK, consigned to Francesca Galloway, Ltd. for sale)", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "1999-2020", "sortorder": 2}, {"description": "(Francesca Galloway, Ltd., London, UK, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art)", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "2020", "sortorder": 3}, {"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "2020-", "sortorder": 4}], "find_spot": null, "related_works": [], "former_accession_numbers": [], "did_you_know": "The lime powder in <em>paan</em> functioned as an ancient antacid after meals.", "early_education_description": null, "artlens_description": null, "description": "A <em>pandan</em> is a lidded vessel for serving <em>paan</em>, which has been enjoyed in India for more than two thousand years. Paan is betel or areca nut mixed with lime powder, aromatics such as clove cinnamon, or cardamom, and wrapped in betel leaf. The whole packet is chewed after a meal as a mild stimulant and mouth freshener.", "external_resources": {"wikidata": [], "internet_archive": ["https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-2020.206.a-bidri-pandan-with-ch"]}, "citations": [{"citation": "Zebrowski, Mark. <em>Gold, Silver &amp; Bronze from Mughal India</em>. London: Alexandria Press in association with Laurence King, 1997.", "page_number": "Reproduced: pp. 233, 235, and color plate 514", "url": null}], "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/2020.206.a", "images": {"annotation": null, "web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2020.206.a/2020.206.a_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "708", "filesize": "188812", "filename": "2020.206.a_web.jpg"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2020.206.a/2020.206.a_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "2675", "filesize": "1339854", "filename": "2020.206.a_print.jpg"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2020.206.a/2020.206.a_full.tif", "width": "5418", "height": "4262", "filesize": "69300640", "filename": "2020.206.a_full.tif"}}, "alternate_images": [{"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2020.206.a/2020.206.a_alt0_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "866", "filesize": "209740"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2020.206.a/2020.206.a_alt0_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "3271", "filesize": "1643701"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2020.206.a/2020.206.a_alt0_full.tif", "width": "5138", "height": "4943", "filesize": "76216560"}, "date_created": "2021-07-19T21:03:04", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2020.206.a/2020.206.a_alt1_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "892", "filesize": "241398"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2020.206.a/2020.206.a_alt1_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "3371", "filesize": "2139272"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2020.206.a/2020.206.a_alt1_full.tif", "width": "4939", "height": "4897", "filesize": "72584804"}, "date_created": "2021-07-19T21:08:51", "annotation": ""}], "creditline": "Severance and Greta Millikin Purchase Fund", "image_credit": null, "sketchfab_id": "5fdcdf1d9b7a43999bd38a9adaa10595", "sketchfab_url": "https://sketchfab.com/models/5fdcdf1d9b7a43999bd38a9adaa10595", "gallery_donor_text": null, "athena_id": 399504, "creators": [], "legal_status": "accessioned", "accession_date": "2020-09-14T00:00:00-04:00", "sortable_date": 1690, "date_added_to_oa": null, "date_text": "c. 1700", "collapse_artists": false, "on_loan": false, "recently_acquired": false, "record_type": "part", "conservation_statement": null, "has_conservation_images": false, "cover_accession_number": "2020.206", "is_nazi_era_provenance": false, "impression": null, "alternate_titles": ["Bidri Pandan", "Lidded Box for Paan (Pandan)"], "is_highlight": false, "updated_at": "2026-10-21 07:03:44.619000"}, {"id": 148770, "accession_number": "1976.27.b", "share_license_status": "CC0", "tombstone": "Birth of Mahavira, folio 40 (verso) from a Kalpa-sutra, c. 1400. Western India, Gujarat. Gum tempera, ink, and gold on paper; overall: 9.4 x 28.4 cm (3 11/16 x 11 3/16 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift of Dr. Norman Zaworski, 1976.27.b", "current_location": null, "title": "Birth of Mahavira, folio 40 (verso) from a Kalpa-sutra", "creation_date": "c. 1400", "creation_date_earliest": 1395, "creation_date_latest": 1405, "artists_tags": [], "culture": ["Western India, Gujarat"], "technique": "gum tempera, ink, and gold on paper", "support_materials": [], "department": "Indian and Southeast Asian Art", "collection": "Indian Art", "type": "Painting", "measurements": "Overall: 9.4 x 28.4 cm (3 11/16 x 11 3/16 in.)", "dimensions": {"overall": {"height": 0.094, "height_inch": 3, "height_inch_fraction": 0.6875, "width": 0.284, "width_inch": 11, "width_inch_fraction": 0.1875}}, "state_of_the_work": null, "edition_of_the_work": null, "copyright": null, "inscriptions": [], "exhibitions": {"current": [{"id": 302374, "title": "Year in Review, 1976", "description": "<i>Year in Review, 1976</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (February 1-March 6, 1977).", "opening_date": "1977-02-01T05:00:00"}, {"id": 449919, "title": "Text and Image in Southern Asia", "description": "<i>Text and Image in Southern Asia</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (August 26, 2022-March 5, 2023).", "opening_date": "2022-08-26T04:00:00"}], "legacy": [{"description": "<em>Main Asian Rotation (Gallery 245).</em> The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (January 5-April 27, 2015).", "opening_date": "2015-01-05T00:00:00"}]}, "provenance": [{"description": "Dr. Norman Zaworski [1920-2013], Cleveland, OH, given to the Cleveland Museum of Art", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "?-1976", "sortorder": 1}, {"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "1976-", "sortorder": 2}], "find_spot": null, "related_works": [], "former_accession_numbers": [], "did_you_know": "Under the swing bed is a box decorated with two geese, filled with paan (betel nut, lime, and spices wrapped in betel leaf).", "early_education_description": null, "artlens_description": null, "description": "A queen and her golden newborn lie on a swing, gazing at one another as two attendants hold fly whisks to honor them. The infant is Mahavira, founder of the Jain religion, who lived during the 500s BC in northern India.<br><br>Though palm leaf was preferred for sacred texts, Jain communities transitioned to the more readily available material of paper during the 1300s. A hole in the central red dot was made for a binding string.<br><br>The margin notes beginning with the \u201c=\u201d sign are comments explaining the text.", "external_resources": {"wikidata": ["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60473085"], "internet_archive": ["https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1976.27.b-birth-of-mahavira-fo"]}, "citations": [{"citation": "Leach, Linda York.<em> Indian Miniature Paintings and Drawings</em>. Cleveland, OH: Cleveland Museum of Art in cooperation with Indiana University Press, 1986.", "page_number": "Reproduced and mentioned: cat. no. 2, pp. 8-9.", "url": ""}], "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1976.27.b", "images": {"annotation": null, "web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1976.27.b/1976.27.b_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "319", "filesize": "248497", "filename": "1976.27.b_web.jpg"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1976.27.b/1976.27.b_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "1205", "filesize": "1708941", "filename": "1976.27.b_print.jpg"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1976.27.b/1976.27.b_full.tif", "width": "8000", "height": "2836", "filesize": "68094576", "filename": "1976.27.b_full.tif"}}, "alternate_images": [], "creditline": "Gift of Dr. Norman Zaworski", "image_credit": null, "sketchfab_id": null, "sketchfab_url": null, "gallery_donor_text": null, "athena_id": 148770, "creators": [], "legal_status": "accessioned", "accession_date": "1976-05-07T00:00:00", "sortable_date": 1395, "date_added_to_oa": null, "date_text": "c. 1400", "collapse_artists": false, "on_loan": false, "recently_acquired": false, "record_type": "part", "conservation_statement": null, "has_conservation_images": false, "cover_accession_number": "1976.27", "is_nazi_era_provenance": false, "impression": null, "alternate_titles": ["Rsabhanatha's Birth, folio 40 from a Kalpa-sutra manuscript", "Leaf from a Jain Manuscript: Kalpa-sutra: Text (recto)", "Birth of Mahavira, Folio 40 verso of a Kalpa-sutra"], "is_highlight": false, "updated_at": "2026-06-24 11:19:26.606000"}, {"id": 154756, "accession_number": "1989.336", "share_license_status": "CC0", "tombstone": "Raja with his beloved, c. 1790\u20131800. Northern India, Pahari kingdoms. Gum tempera and gold on paper; overall: 18.1 x 13.4 cm (7 1/8 x 5 1/4 in.); with borders: 18.3 x 13.4 cm (7 3/16 x 5 1/4 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Bequest of Mrs. Severance A. Millikin, 1989.336", "current_location": "242B Indian Painting", "title": "Raja with his beloved", "creation_date": "c. 1790\u20131800", "creation_date_earliest": 1785, "creation_date_latest": 1805, "artists_tags": [], "culture": ["Northern India, Pahari kingdoms"], "technique": "Gum tempera and gold on paper", "support_materials": [], "department": "Indian and Southeast Asian Art", "collection": "Indian Art", "type": "Painting", "measurements": "Overall: 18.1 x 13.4 cm (7 1/8 x 5 1/4 in.); with borders: 18.3 x 13.4 cm (7 3/16 x 5 1/4 in.)", "dimensions": {"overall": {"height": 0.181, "height_inch": 7, "height_inch_fraction": 0.125, "width": 0.134, "width_inch": 5, "width_inch_fraction": 0.25}, "with borders": {"height": 0.183, "height_inch": 7, "height_inch_fraction": 0.1875, "width": 0.134, "width_inch": 5, "width_inch_fraction": 0.25}}, "state_of_the_work": null, "edition_of_the_work": null, "copyright": null, "inscriptions": [], "exhibitions": {"current": [{"id": 310300, "title": "The Severance and Greta Millikin Collection", "description": "<i>The Severance and Greta Millikin Collection</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (July 5-September 2, 1990).", "opening_date": "1990-07-05T04:00:00"}, {"id": 202597, "title": "Imagining the Garden", "description": "<i>Imagining the Garden</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (October 24, 2015-March 6, 2016).", "opening_date": "2015-10-24T00:00:00"}, {"id": 707773, "title": "Art of Pahari India", "description": "<i>Art of Pahari India</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (August 30, 2026-February 21, 2027).", "opening_date": "2026-08-30T04:00:00"}], "legacy": []}, "provenance": [{"description": "Indian Art Palace (Backlawala), New Delhi, India, to Severance and Greta Millikin", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "?\u20131966", "sortorder": 1}, {"description": "Severance A. [1895\u20131985] and Greta [Marguerite Steckerl] Millikin [1903\u20131989], Cleveland, OH, given to the Cleveland Museum of Art", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "1966\u20131989", "sortorder": 2}, {"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "1989\u2013", "sortorder": 3}], "find_spot": null, "related_works": [], "former_accession_numbers": [], "did_you_know": "The lovers are feeding betel leaf packets (<em>paan</em>), a mild stimulant and breath freshener, to each other.", "early_education_description": null, "artlens_description": null, "description": "The viewer looks through a palace window onto an idyllic scene on an outdoor terrace. A team of attendants minister to a royal couple on a swing. At the upper left one woman keeps flies away with a long-tailed whisk. Next to her, a woman in orange keeps the swing in gentle motion. On the other side, at the lower right, a woman provides a foot massage. At the upper right, one woman holds out a dish of <em>paan</em>; another has small bottles of wine, and another has a fan to provide extra breeze. Finally, a woman in a lavender sari gazes upon the beauty of the scene in admiration.", "external_resources": {"wikidata": ["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60476375"], "internet_archive": ["https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1989.336-raja-with-his-belove"]}, "citations": [{"citation": "<em>Catalogue of the Severance and Greta Millikin Collection</em>. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1990.", "page_number": "cat. no. 153", "url": null}], "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1989.336", "images": {"annotation": null, "web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1989.336/1989.336_web.jpg", "width": "730", "height": "900", "filesize": "276998", "filename": "1989.336_web.jpg"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1989.336/1989.336_print.jpg", "width": "2758", "height": "3400", "filesize": "3127435", "filename": "1989.336_print.jpg"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1989.336/1989.336_full.tif", "width": "5778", "height": "7123", "filesize": "123502824", "filename": "1989.336_full.tif"}}, "alternate_images": [{"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1989.336/1989.336_alt0_web.jpg", "width": "706", "height": "900", "filesize": "301371"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1989.336/1989.336_alt0_print.jpg", "width": "2666", "height": "3400", "filesize": "3170245"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1989.336/1989.336_alt0_full.tif", "width": "6000", "height": "7653", "filesize": "137788652"}, "date_created": "2014-03-19T13:44:32", "annotation": ""}], "creditline": "Bequest of Mrs. Severance A. Millikin", "image_credit": null, "sketchfab_id": null, "sketchfab_url": null, "gallery_donor_text": null, "athena_id": 154756, "creators": [], "legal_status": "accessioned", "accession_date": "1989-12-04T00:00:00", "sortable_date": 1785, "date_added_to_oa": null, "date_text": "c. 1790\u20131800", "collapse_artists": false, "on_loan": false, "recently_acquired": false, "record_type": "object", "conservation_statement": null, "has_conservation_images": false, "cover_accession_number": null, "is_nazi_era_provenance": false, "impression": null, "alternate_titles": [], "is_highlight": false, "updated_at": "2026-08-30 05:02:07.849000"}, {"id": 314237, "accession_number": "2018.105", "share_license_status": "CC0", "tombstone": "Palace women enjoy music by the side of a cascade, c. 1780. Northern India, Pahari kingdoms. Gum tempera, gold and silver on paper; page: 29.6 x 20.6 cm (11 5/8 x 8 1/8 in.); image: 24.1 x 16 cm (9 1/2 x 6 5/16 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Purchase and partial gift from the Catherine and Ralph Benkaim Collection; Severance and Greta Millikin Purchase Fund, 2018.105", "current_location": null, "title": "Palace women enjoy music by the side of a cascade", "creation_date": "c. 1780", "creation_date_earliest": 1770, "creation_date_latest": 1790, "artists_tags": [], "culture": ["Northern India, Pahari kingdoms"], "technique": "gum tempera, gold and silver on paper", "support_materials": [], "department": "Indian and Southeast Asian Art", "collection": "Indian Art", "type": "Painting", "measurements": "Page: 29.6 x 20.6 cm (11 5/8 x 8 1/8 in.); Image: 24.1 x 16 cm (9 1/2 x 6 5/16 in.)", "dimensions": {"page": {"height": 0.296, "height_inch": 11, "height_inch_fraction": 0.625, "width": 0.206, "width_inch": 8, "width_inch_fraction": 0.125}, "image": {"height": 0.241, "height_inch": 9, "height_inch_fraction": 0.5, "width": 0.16, "width_inch": 6, "width_inch_fraction": 0.3125}}, "state_of_the_work": null, "edition_of_the_work": null, "copyright": null, "inscriptions": [{"inscription": "Purple stamp reading \"ON BILASPUR DAIS SERVICE\". Written in pencil in a European hand: \"A.Z\" and \"silver\"", "inscription_translation": null, "inscription_remark": null, "sortorder": null}], "exhibitions": {"current": [{"id": 687839, "title": "Longing: Painting from the Pahari Kingdoms, 1680 to 1820", "description": "<i>Longing: Painting from the Pahari Kingdoms, 1680 to 1820</i>. The Cincinnati Art Museum, Cincinnati, OH (organizer) (February 6-June 7, 2026) https://www.cincinnatiartmuseum.org/art/exhibitions/longing-painting-from-the-pahari-kingdoms-of-the-northwest-himalayas/.", "opening_date": "2026-02-06T05:00:00"}], "legacy": []}, "provenance": [{"description": "Ralph Benkaim [1914\u20132001], Beverly Hills, CA, by descent to his wife Catherine Glynn Benkaim", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "1971\u20132001", "sortorder": 1}, {"description": "Catherine Glynn Benkaim and Barbara Timmer, Beverly Hills, CA, partial sale and gift to the Cleveland Museum of Art", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "2001\u20132018", "sortorder": 2}, {"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "2018\u2013", "sortorder": 3}], "find_spot": null, "related_works": [], "former_accession_numbers": [], "did_you_know": "One woman is gently washing the right foot of the lady. This composition is based on a Mughal painting.", "early_education_description": null, "artlens_description": null, "description": "Sitting by an artificial cascade in a palace, a woman smokes a hookah and enjoys a music performance with her attendants. She raises her left hand in appreciation of the musicians and turns toward a companion (<em>sakhi</em>) who also shares her enthusiasm. Three attendants stand behind her\u2014one holding a box of betel leaves, while the other two hold a fly whisk and a fan.", "external_resources": {"wikidata": ["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60483072"], "internet_archive": ["https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-2018.105-palace-women-enjoy-m"]}, "citations": [{"citation": "Griswold, William, Cameron Kitchin, Chase F. Robinson, Cleveland Museum of Art, Cincinnati Art Museum, and National Museum of Asian Art (Smithsonian Institution). <em>Pahari Paintings: Art and Stories</em>, edited by Sonya Rhie Mace, Sarang Sharma, and Vijay Sharma. Cleveland, Ohio: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2026.", "page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 231-232, no. 68", "url": ""}, {"citation": "Cameron, Ainsley M. \u201cConsidering Painting from the Pahari Kingdoms through Sight, Sound, Smell and Touch.\u201d <em>Arts of Asia,</em> (Spring 2026): 79-91.", "page_number": "Mentioned: p. 90; Reproduced: p. 91", "url": ""}], "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/2018.105", "images": {"annotation": null, "web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.105/2018.105_web.jpg", "width": "623", "height": "900", "filesize": "253240", "filename": "2018.105_web.jpg"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.105/2018.105_print.jpg", "width": "2353", "height": "3400", "filesize": "3419647", "filename": "2018.105_print.jpg"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.105/2018.105_full.tif", "width": "7790", "height": "11256", "filesize": "263083354", "filename": "2018.105_full.tif"}}, "alternate_images": [{"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.105/2018.105_alt0_web.jpg", "width": "631", "height": "900", "filesize": "210884"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.105/2018.105_alt0_print.jpg", "width": "2383", "height": "3400", "filesize": "2202028"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.105/2018.105_alt0_full.tif", "width": "5708", "height": "8145", "filesize": "139514680"}, "date_created": "2016-05-25T19:10:09", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.105/2018.105_alt1_web.jpg", "width": "622", "height": "900", "filesize": "147551"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.105/2018.105_alt1_print.jpg", "width": "2351", "height": "3400", "filesize": "1874252"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.105/2018.105_alt1_full.tif", "width": "5683", "height": "8218", "filesize": "140144528"}, "date_created": "2016-05-25T19:12:46", "annotation": ""}], "creditline": "Purchase and partial gift from the Catherine and Ralph Benkaim Collection; Severance and Greta Millikin Purchase Fund", "image_credit": null, "sketchfab_id": null, "sketchfab_url": null, "gallery_donor_text": null, "athena_id": 314237, "creators": [], "legal_status": "accessioned", "accession_date": "2018-09-04T00:00:00-04:00", "sortable_date": 1770, "date_added_to_oa": null, "date_text": "c. 1780", "collapse_artists": false, "on_loan": false, "recently_acquired": false, "record_type": "object", "conservation_statement": null, "has_conservation_images": false, "cover_accession_number": null, "is_nazi_era_provenance": false, "impression": null, "alternate_titles": ["A lady at her toilette listens to music by the side of a palace water cascade", "Palace Women Enjoy Music by the Side of a Water Cascade"], "is_highlight": false, "updated_at": "2026-10-20 19:29:08.190000"}, {"id": 314471, "accession_number": "2018.166", "share_license_status": "CC0", "tombstone": "Krishna Abhisarika Nayika, from a Rasikapriya manuscript, c. 1615\u201325. Northwestern India, Rajasthan, Rajput Kingdom of Amber. Gum tempera on paper; miniature: 12.1 x 12.7 cm (4 3/4 x 5 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Purchase and partial gift from the Catherine and Ralph Benkaim Collection; Severance and Greta Millikin Purchase Fund, 2018.166", "current_location": null, "title": "Krishna Abhisarika Nayika, from a Rasikapriya manuscript", "creation_date": "c. 1615\u201325", "creation_date_earliest": 1605, "creation_date_latest": 1635, "artists_tags": [], "culture": ["Northwestern India, Rajasthan, Rajput Kingdom of Amber"], "technique": "Gum tempera on paper", "support_materials": [], "department": "Indian and Southeast Asian Art", "collection": "Indian Art", "type": "Painting", "measurements": "Miniature: 12.1 x 12.7 cm (4 3/4 x 5 in.)", "dimensions": {"miniature": {"height": 0.121, "height_inch": 4, "height_inch_fraction": 0.75, "width": 0.127, "width_inch": 5, "width_inch_fraction": 0.0}}, "state_of_the_work": null, "edition_of_the_work": null, "copyright": null, "inscriptions": [{"inscription": "26", "inscription_translation": "[Number] 26", "inscription_remark": "Added later by the dealer/collector", "sortorder": null}], "exhibitions": {"current": [], "legacy": []}, "provenance": [{"description": "Catherine Glynn Benkaim and Barbara Timmer, Beverly Hills, CA, partial sale and gift to the Cleveland Museum of Art", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "?-2018", "sortorder": 2}, {"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "2018-", "sortorder": 3}], "find_spot": null, "related_works": [], "former_accession_numbers": [], "did_you_know": "The mistress of the protagonist offers her rival a betel leaf to calm her down.", "early_education_description": null, "artlens_description": null, "description": "Two women quarrel outside a house while the Nayaka (hero protagonist) watches from a safe distance. The woman wearing a red scarf appears to be the Nayaka\u2019s wife or beloved, who has just realized her partner\u2019s infidelity. In a fit of anger, she strangles the other woman, who would be the Nayaka\u2019s mistress, and raises a leg to kick her.", "external_resources": {"wikidata": ["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60483251"], "internet_archive": ["https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-2018.166-krishna-abhisarika-n"]}, "citations": [], "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/2018.166", "images": {"annotation": null, "web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.166/2018.166_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "862", "filesize": "305669", "filename": "2018.166_web.jpg"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.166/2018.166_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "3257", "filesize": "3935980", "filename": "2018.166_print.jpg"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.166/2018.166_full.tif", "width": "5961", "height": "5710", "filesize": "102151868", "filename": "2018.166_full.tif"}}, "alternate_images": [{"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.166/2018.166_alt0_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "853", "filesize": "136494"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.166/2018.166_alt0_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "3224", "filesize": "1469515"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.166/2018.166_alt0_full.tif", "width": "6043", "height": "5731", "filesize": "103932688"}, "date_created": "2016-05-25T14:09:05", "annotation": ""}], "creditline": "Purchase and partial gift from the Catherine and Ralph Benkaim Collection; Severance and Greta Millikin Purchase Fund", "image_credit": null, "sketchfab_id": null, "sketchfab_url": null, "gallery_donor_text": null, "athena_id": 314471, "creators": [], "legal_status": "accessioned", "accession_date": "2018-09-04T00:00:00-04:00", "sortable_date": 1605, "date_added_to_oa": null, "date_text": "c. 1615\u201325", "collapse_artists": false, "on_loan": false, "recently_acquired": false, "record_type": "object", "conservation_statement": null, "has_conservation_images": false, "cover_accession_number": null, "is_nazi_era_provenance": false, "impression": null, "alternate_titles": [], "is_highlight": false, "updated_at": "2026-05-29 08:55:44.410000"}, {"id": 146201, "accession_number": "1971.91", "share_license_status": "CC0", "tombstone": "Lovers Embracing, c. 1630. Mughal India. Gum tempera and gold on paper; image: 14.9 x 10.1 cm (5 7/8 x 4 in.); overall: 24 x 16.8 cm (9 7/16 x 6 5/8 in.); with mat: 35.5 x 25.4 cm (14 x 10 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Andrew R. and Martha Holden Jennings Fund, 1971.91", "current_location": null, "title": "Lovers Embracing", "creation_date": "c. 1630", "creation_date_earliest": 1625, "creation_date_latest": 1655, "artists_tags": [], "culture": ["Mughal India"], "technique": "Gum tempera and gold on paper", "support_materials": [], "department": "Indian and Southeast Asian Art", "collection": "Indian Art", "type": "Painting", "measurements": "Image: 14.9 x 10.1 cm (5 7/8 x 4 in.); Overall: 24 x 16.8 cm (9 7/16 x 6 5/8 in.); with mat: 35.5 x 25.4 cm (14 x 10 in.)", "dimensions": {"image": {"height": 0.149, "height_inch": 5, "height_inch_fraction": 0.875, "width": 0.101, "width_inch": 4, "width_inch_fraction": 0.0}, "overall": {"height": 0.24, "height_inch": 9, "height_inch_fraction": 0.4375, "width": 0.168, "width_inch": 6, "width_inch_fraction": 0.625}, "with mat": {"height": 0.355, "height_inch": 14, "height_inch_fraction": 0.0, "width": 0.254, "width_inch": 10, "width_inch_fraction": 0.0}}, "state_of_the_work": null, "edition_of_the_work": null, "copyright": null, "inscriptions": [], "exhibitions": {"current": [{"id": 211775, "title": "Highlights of Asian Paintings from The Cleveland Museum of Art", "description": "<i>Highlights of Asian Paintings from The Cleveland Museum of Art</i>. Nara National Museum (organizer) (February 21-March 29, 1998); Suntory Museum of Art (April 28-June 21, 1998).", "opening_date": "1998-02-21T00:00:00"}, {"id": 203111, "title": "Art and Stories from Mughal India", "description": "<i>Art and Stories from Mughal India</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (July 31-October 23, 2016).", "opening_date": "2016-07-31T04:00:00"}, {"id": 665205, "title": "Carpets and Canopies in Mughal India\u200b (Indian art rotation)", "description": "<i>Carpets and Canopies in Mughal India\u200b (Indian art rotation)</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (March 22-September 8, 2024).", "opening_date": "2024-03-22T04:00:00"}], "legacy": [{"description": "<em>Indian Miniature Rotation (Gallery 115)</em>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (February 4-August 5, 2003).", "opening_date": "2003-02-04T00:00:00"}, {"description": "<em>Indian Miniature Rotation (Gallery 115)</em>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (February 20-August 18, 2004).", "opening_date": "2004-02-20T00:00:00"}]}, "provenance": [{"description": "(John D. MacDonald, Manchester, NH, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art)", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "?\u20131971", "sortorder": 1}, {"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "1971\u2013", "sortorder": 2}], "find_spot": null, "related_works": [], "former_accession_numbers": [], "did_you_know": "Erotic metaphors in visual poetry: bees fly to blossoms as rain clouds approach.", "early_education_description": null, "artlens_description": null, "description": "The twining and coiling of the patterns on the carpet and large floor cushion mirror the interlaced bodies of the amorous couple. The clinging grapevine also references the wine they share from one cup. <br><br>Such a carpet was not to be walked on, so the lovers do not wear shoes. It provides a luxurious furnishing to the intimate outdoor space. Here, the floral patterns evoke the pleasures of paradise. The textile patterns have been rendered with such precision that they appear like colorful enamel work or inlaid jewels. A covered golden box at right contains aromatic betel nut treats (<em>paan</em>) that freshen the breath.", "external_resources": {"wikidata": ["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60471983"], "internet_archive": ["https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1971.91-lovers-embracing"]}, "citations": [{"citation": "Leach, Linda York. <em>Indian Miniature Paintings and Drawings</em>. Cleveland, OH: Cleveland Museum of Art in cooperation with Indiana University Press, 1986.", "page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: cat. no. 36", "url": ""}, {"citation": "<em>T\u014dy\u014d kaiga no seika: tokubetsuten: Kur\u012bvurando Bijutsukan no korekushon kara </em>[\u6771\u6d0b\u7d75\u753b\u306e\u7cbe\u83ef: \u7279\u522b\u5c55: \u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30f4\u30e9\u30f3\u30c8\u7f8e\u8853\u9928\u306e\u30b3\u30ec\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u304b\u3089= Highlights of Asian painting from the Cleveland Museum of Art]. Nara, Japan: Nara National Museum, 1998.", "page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: p. 25, cat. no. 4", "url": ""}], "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1971.91", "images": {"annotation": null, "web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1971.91/1971.91_web.jpg", "width": "648", "height": "893", "filesize": "198289", "filename": "1971.91_web.jpg"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1971.91/1971.91_print.jpg", "width": "2469", "height": "3400", "filesize": "2358036", "filename": "1971.91_print.jpg"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1971.91/1971.91_full.tif", "width": "3870", "height": "5329", "filesize": "61902532", "filename": "1971.91_full.tif"}}, "alternate_images": [{"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1971.91/1971.91_alt0_web.jpg", "width": "570", "height": "900", "filesize": "342752"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1971.91/1971.91_alt0_print.jpg", "width": "2153", "height": "3400", "filesize": "3396016"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1971.91/1971.91_alt0_full.tif", "width": "4331", "height": "6840", "filesize": "88906144"}, "date_created": "2016-04-06T14:53:10", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1971.91/1971.91_alt1_web.jpg", "width": "788", "height": "900", "filesize": "380663"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1971.91/1971.91_alt1_print.jpg", "width": "2976", "height": "3400", "filesize": "3847521"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1971.91/1971.91_alt1_full.tif", "width": "6003", "height": "6859", "filesize": "123558604"}, "date_created": "2016-04-06T14:56:23", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1971.91/1971.91_alt2_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "735", "filesize": "477853"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1971.91/1971.91_alt2_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "2777", "filesize": "5009482"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1971.91/1971.91_alt2_full.tif", "width": "6383", "height": "5213", "filesize": "99862172"}, "date_created": "2016-04-06T14:41:28", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1971.91/1971.91_alt3_web.jpg", "width": "606", "height": "893", "filesize": "556975"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1971.91/1971.91_alt3_print.jpg", "width": "1043", "height": "1536", "filesize": "1620609"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1971.91/1971.91_alt3_full.tif", "width": "1043", "height": "1536", "filesize": "4808084"}, "annotation": ""}], "creditline": "Andrew R. and Martha Holden Jennings Fund", "image_credit": null, "sketchfab_id": null, "sketchfab_url": null, "gallery_donor_text": null, "athena_id": 146201, "creators": [], "legal_status": "accessioned", "accession_date": "1971-06-10T00:00:00", "sortable_date": 1625, "date_added_to_oa": null, "date_text": "c. 1630", "collapse_artists": false, "on_loan": false, "recently_acquired": false, "record_type": "object", "conservation_statement": null, "has_conservation_images": false, "cover_accession_number": null, "is_nazi_era_provenance": false, "impression": null, "alternate_titles": [], "is_highlight": false, "updated_at": "2026-05-29 07:30:20.079000"}, {"id": 314114, "accession_number": "2018.84", "share_license_status": "CC0", "tombstone": "An amorous couple, probably Raja Mahendra Pal of Basohli with a favorite queen, c. 1810. Northern India, Pahari kingdoms. Gum tempera and gold on paper; image: 18.5 x 12.1 cm (7 5/16 x 4 3/4 in.); page: 21.6 x 15 cm (8 1/2 x 5 7/8 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Purchase and partial gift from the Catherine and Ralph Benkaim Collection; Severance and Greta Millikin Purchase Fund, 2018.84", "current_location": null, "title": "An amorous couple, probably Raja Mahendra Pal of Basohli with a favorite queen", "creation_date": "c. 1810", "creation_date_earliest": 1805, "creation_date_latest": 1815, "artists_tags": [], "culture": ["Northern India, Pahari kingdoms"], "technique": "Gum tempera and gold on paper", "support_materials": [], "department": "Indian and Southeast Asian Art", "collection": "Indian Art", "type": "Painting", "measurements": "Image: 18.5 x 12.1 cm (7 5/16 x 4 3/4 in.); Page: 21.6 x 15 cm (8 1/2 x 5 7/8 in.)", "dimensions": {"page": {"height": 0.216, "height_inch": 8, "height_inch_fraction": 0.5, "width": 0.15, "width_inch": 5, "width_inch_fraction": 0.875}, "image": {"height": 0.185, "height_inch": 7, "height_inch_fraction": 0.3125, "width": 0.121, "width_inch": 4, "width_inch_fraction": 0.75}}, "state_of_the_work": null, "edition_of_the_work": null, "copyright": null, "inscriptions": [], "exhibitions": {"current": [], "legacy": []}, "provenance": [{"description": "Catherine Glynn Benkaim and Barbara Timmer, Beverly Hills, CA, partial sale and gift to the Cleveland Museum of Art", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "?\u20132018", "sortorder": 1}, {"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "2018\u2013", "sortorder": 2}], "find_spot": null, "related_works": [], "former_accession_numbers": [], "did_you_know": "Bottles of wine, fruits, and a box of betel leaves are in the foreground.", "early_education_description": null, "artlens_description": null, "description": "On a terrace outside a royal chamber, a couple dressed in noble garments are making love. The man has loosened his <em>jama</em> in passion while his consort\u2019s gold blouse has been thrown on the red carpet. Thin clouds appear to gather above the golden rays of the evening sun in the clear sky.", "external_resources": {"wikidata": ["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60483020"], "internet_archive": ["https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-2018.84-an-amorous-couple-pr"]}, "citations": [{"citation": "Griswold, William, Cameron Kitchin, Chase F. Robinson, Cleveland Museum of Art, Cincinnati Art Museum, and National Museum of Asian Art (Smithsonian Institution). <em>Pahari Paintings: Art and Stories</em>, edited by Sonya Rhie Mace, Sarang Sharma, and Vijay Sharma. Cleveland, Ohio: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2026.", "page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 235-236, no. 70", "url": ""}], "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/2018.84", "images": {"annotation": null, "web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.84/2018.84_web.jpg", "width": "626", "height": "900", "filesize": "242311", "filename": "2018.84_web.jpg"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.84/2018.84_print.jpg", "width": "2365", "height": "3400", "filesize": "2566300", "filename": "2018.84_print.jpg"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.84/2018.84_full.tif", "width": "5607", "height": "8060", "filesize": "135616452", "filename": "2018.84_full.tif"}}, "alternate_images": [{"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.84/2018.84_alt0_web.jpg", "width": "629", "height": "900", "filesize": "163684"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.84/2018.84_alt0_print.jpg", "width": "2377", "height": "3400", "filesize": "2033379"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.84/2018.84_alt0_full.tif", "width": "5636", "height": "8063", "filesize": "136365208"}, "date_created": "2016-05-23T18:56:09.005000", "annotation": ""}], "creditline": "Purchase and partial gift from the Catherine and Ralph Benkaim Collection; Severance and Greta Millikin Purchase Fund", "image_credit": null, "sketchfab_id": null, "sketchfab_url": null, "gallery_donor_text": null, "athena_id": 314114, "creators": [], "legal_status": "accessioned", "accession_date": "2018-09-04T00:00:00-04:00", "sortable_date": 1805, "date_added_to_oa": null, "date_text": "c. 1810", "collapse_artists": false, "on_loan": false, "recently_acquired": false, "record_type": "object", "conservation_statement": null, "has_conservation_images": false, "cover_accession_number": null, "is_nazi_era_provenance": false, "impression": null, "alternate_titles": [], "is_highlight": false, "updated_at": "2026-06-10 18:51:41.530000"}, {"id": 170853, "accession_number": "2013.335.a", "share_license_status": "CC0", "tombstone": "A prince conversing with a woman while taking refreshments on a terrace (recto), c. 1710\u201320. Mughal India. Gum tempera, ink, and gold on paper; page: 30.5 x 24.1 cm (12 x 9 1/2 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift in honor of Madeline Neves Clapp; Gift of Mrs. Henry White Cannon by exchange; Bequest of Louise T. Cooper; Leonard C. Hanna Jr. Fund; From the Catherine and Ralph Benkaim Collection, 2013.335.a", "current_location": null, "title": "A prince conversing with a woman while taking refreshments on a terrace (recto)", "creation_date": "c. 1710\u201320", "creation_date_earliest": 1705, "creation_date_latest": 1725, "artists_tags": [], "culture": ["Mughal India"], "technique": "Gum tempera, ink, and gold on paper", "support_materials": [], "department": "Indian and Southeast Asian Art", "collection": "Indian Art - Mughal", "type": "Painting", "measurements": "Page: 30.5 x 24.1 cm (12 x 9 1/2 in.)", "dimensions": {"painting only": {"height": 0.178, "height_inch": 7, "height_inch_fraction": 0.0, "width": 0.121, "width_inch": 4, "width_inch_fraction": 0.75}, "page": {"height": 0.305, "height_inch": 12, "height_inch_fraction": 0.0, "width": 0.241, "width_inch": 9, "width_inch_fraction": 0.5}}, "state_of_the_work": null, "edition_of_the_work": null, "copyright": null, "inscriptions": [], "exhibitions": {"current": [{"id": 203111, "title": "Art and Stories from Mughal India", "description": "<i>Art and Stories from Mughal India</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (July 31-October 23, 2016).", "opening_date": "2016-07-31T04:00:00"}, {"id": 665205, "title": "Carpets and Canopies in Mughal India\u200b (Indian art rotation)", "description": "<i>Carpets and Canopies in Mughal India\u200b (Indian art rotation)</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (March 22-September 8, 2024).", "opening_date": "2024-03-22T04:00:00"}], "legacy": []}, "provenance": [{"description": "Sir Charles Forbes, 7th Baronet [1773\u20131849], Bengal, London, and Scotland, by descent to his great-grandson, Colonel Sir John Forbes", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "?\u20131849", "sortorder": 1}, {"description": "Colonel Sir John Stewart Forbes [1901\u20131984], Baronet, DSO, DL, Allargue House, Strathdon, Aberdeenshire, Scotland, UK, consigned to Sotheby's London for sale", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "?\u20131962", "sortorder": 2}, {"description": "(Sotheby\u2019s, London, Western and Oriental Manuscripts and Miniatures, 10 December 1962, lot 9, sold to Ralph Benkaim)", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "10 December 1962", "sortorder": 3}, {"description": "Ralph Benkaim [1914-\u20132001] and Catherine Glynn Benkaim [b. 1946], Beverly Hills, CA, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "1962\u20132013", "sortorder": 4}, {"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "2013\u2013", "sortorder": 5}], "find_spot": null, "related_works": [], "former_accession_numbers": [], "did_you_know": "The prince removed his shoes before joining the picnic on the carpeted terrace.", "early_education_description": null, "artlens_description": null, "description": "The carpet turns a terrace into a space where a prince can enjoy the company of women over wine and fruits. A covered box on the carpet contains aromatic betel nut packets for pleasurable chewing. He has removed his shoes, which are left on the marble step.<br> <br>A princess pours liquor from a golden bottle into a tiny blue-and-white ceramic cup. The pair\u2019s royal status is indicated by the attendants who hold the white cloth and peacock-feather whisks. Two other women bring jewels and a vial of perfume to be inspected and discussed by the royal connoisseurs.", "external_resources": {"wikidata": ["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60482003"], "internet_archive": ["https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-2013.335.a-a-prince-conversing"]}, "citations": [{"citation": "Mace, Sonya Rhie, Mohsen Ashtiany, Catherine Glynn, Pedro Moura Carvalho, Marcus Fraser, and Ruby Lal. <em>Mughal Paintings: Art and Stories: the Cleveland Museum of Art</em>.  London: D Giles Limited, 2016.", "page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: cat. no. 74, p. 298", "url": null}], "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/2013.335.a", "images": {"annotation": null, "web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.335.a/2013.335.a_web.jpg", "width": "626", "height": "900", "filesize": "243361", "filename": "2013.335.a_web.jpg"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.335.a/2013.335.a_print.jpg", "width": "2366", "height": "3400", "filesize": "2780802", "filename": "2013.335.a_print.jpg"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.335.a/2013.335.a_full.tif", "width": "4681", "height": "6728", "filesize": "94514028", "filename": "2013.335.a_full.tif"}}, "alternate_images": [{"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.335.a/2013.335.a_alt0_web.jpg", "width": "720", "height": "900", "filesize": "217859"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.335.a/2013.335.a_alt0_print.jpg", "width": "2719", "height": "3400", "filesize": "2628367"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.335.a/2013.335.a_alt0_full.tif", "width": "5854", "height": "7321", "filesize": "128603280"}, "date_created": "2014-04-10T09:49:22", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.335.a/2013.335.a_alt1_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "704", "filesize": "297643"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.335.a/2013.335.a_alt1_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "2659", "filesize": "3273408"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.335.a/2013.335.a_alt1_full.tif", "width": "7484", "height": "5853", "filesize": "131445684"}, "date_created": "2014-04-10T10:09:56", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.335.a/2013.335.a_alt2_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "448", "filesize": "141408"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.335.a/2013.335.a_alt2_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "1692", "filesize": "1254130"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.335.a/2013.335.a_alt2_full.tif", "width": "8000", "height": "3982", "filesize": "95598052"}, "date_created": "2014-04-10T10:21:43", "annotation": ""}], "creditline": "Gift in honor of Madeline Neves Clapp; Gift of Mrs. Henry White Cannon by exchange; Bequest of Louise T. Cooper; Leonard C. Hanna Jr. Fund; From the Catherine and Ralph Benkaim Collection", "image_credit": null, "sketchfab_id": null, "sketchfab_url": null, "gallery_donor_text": null, "athena_id": 170853, "creators": [], "legal_status": "accessioned", "accession_date": "2013-12-02T00:00:00", "sortable_date": 1705, "date_added_to_oa": null, "date_text": "c. 1710\u201320", "collapse_artists": false, "on_loan": false, "recently_acquired": false, "record_type": "part", "conservation_statement": null, "has_conservation_images": false, "cover_accession_number": "2013.335", "is_nazi_era_provenance": false, "impression": null, "alternate_titles": [], "is_highlight": false, "updated_at": "2026-10-21 13:16:21.530000"}, {"id": 100033, "accession_number": "1919.579", "share_license_status": "CC0", "tombstone": "Betel Nut Cutter, 1800s. Siam, 19th century. Porcelain; overall: 16.6 x 9 cm (6 9/16 x 3 9/16 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift of J. H. Wade, 1919.579", "current_location": null, "title": "Betel Nut Cutter", "creation_date": "1800s", "creation_date_earliest": 1800, "creation_date_latest": 1900, "artists_tags": [], "culture": ["Siam, 19th century"], "technique": "porcelain", "support_materials": [], "department": "Indian and Southeast Asian Art", "collection": "Southeast Asian", "type": "Metalwork", "measurements": "Overall: 16.6 x 9 cm (6 9/16 x 3 9/16 in.)", "dimensions": {"overall": {"height": 0.166, "height_inch": 6, "height_inch_fraction": 0.5625, "width": 0.09, "width_inch": 3, "width_inch_fraction": 0.5625}}, "state_of_the_work": null, "edition_of_the_work": null, "copyright": null, "inscriptions": [], "exhibitions": {"current": [], "legacy": []}, "provenance": [], "find_spot": null, "related_works": [], "former_accession_numbers": [], "did_you_know": null, "early_education_description": null, "artlens_description": null, "description": null, "external_resources": {"wikidata": ["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79490260"], "internet_archive": ["https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1919.579-betel-nut-cutter"]}, "citations": [{"citation": "\"Accessions.\" <em>The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art</em> 6, no. 7/8 (1919): 132-34.", "page_number": "Mentioned: p. 132", "url": "www.jstor.org/stable/25136315"}], "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1919.579", "images": {"annotation": null, "web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1919.579/1919.579_web.jpg", "width": "631", "height": "900", "filesize": "170006", "filename": "1919.579_web.jpg"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1919.579/1919.579_print.jpg", "width": "2383", "height": "3400", "filesize": "1085022", "filename": "1919.579_print.jpg"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1919.579/1919.579_full.tif", "width": "5186", "height": "7398", "filesize": "115123020", "filename": "1919.579_full.tif"}}, "alternate_images": [{"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1919.579/1919.579_alt0_web.jpg", "width": "608", "height": "900", "filesize": "156981"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1919.579/1919.579_alt0_print.jpg", "width": "2297", "height": "3400", "filesize": "867853"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1919.579/1919.579_alt0_full.tif", "width": "5245", "height": "7763", "filesize": "122175668"}, "date_created": "2020-12-10T17:09:10", "annotation": ""}], "creditline": "Gift of J. H. Wade", "image_credit": null, "sketchfab_id": null, "sketchfab_url": null, "gallery_donor_text": null, "athena_id": 100033, "creators": [], "legal_status": "accessioned", "accession_date": "1919-06-30T00:00:00", "sortable_date": 1800, "date_added_to_oa": null, "date_text": "1800s", "collapse_artists": false, "on_loan": false, "recently_acquired": false, "record_type": "object", "conservation_statement": null, "has_conservation_images": false, "cover_accession_number": null, "is_nazi_era_provenance": false, "impression": null, "alternate_titles": [], "is_highlight": false, "updated_at": "2026-05-29 05:24:44.531000"}, {"id": 137542, "accession_number": "1962.279.185.a", "share_license_status": "CC0", "tombstone": "The Parrot Addresses Khujasta at the Beginning of the Twenty-seventh Night, form a Tuti-nama (Tales of a Parrot), c. 1560. Mughal India, court of Akbar (reigned 1556\u20131605). Gum tempera, ink, and gold on paper; painting only: 10.5 x 10 cm (4 1/8 x 3 15/16 in.); overall: 20.1 x 15.3 cm (7 15/16 x 6 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift of Mrs. A. Dean Perry, 1962.279.185.a", "current_location": null, "title": "The Parrot Addresses Khujasta at the Beginning of the Twenty-seventh Night, form a Tuti-nama (Tales of a Parrot)", "creation_date": "c. 1560", "creation_date_earliest": 1555, "creation_date_latest": 1565, "artists_tags": [], "culture": ["Mughal India, court of Akbar (reigned 1556\u20131605)"], "technique": "gum tempera, ink, and gold on paper", "support_materials": [], "department": "Indian and Southeast Asian Art", "collection": "Indian Art", "type": "Painting", "measurements": "Painting only: 10.5 x 10 cm (4 1/8 x 3 15/16 in.); Overall: 20.1 x 15.3 cm (7 15/16 x 6 in.)", "dimensions": {"overall": {"height": 0.201, "height_inch": 7, "height_inch_fraction": 0.9375, "width": 0.153, "width_inch": 6, "width_inch_fraction": 0.0}, "painting only": {"height": 0.105, "height_inch": 4, "height_inch_fraction": 0.125, "width": 0.1, "width_inch": 3, "width_inch_fraction": 0.9375}}, "state_of_the_work": null, "edition_of_the_work": null, "copyright": null, "inscriptions": [], "exhibitions": {"current": [{"id": 203111, "title": "Art and Stories from Mughal India", "description": "<i>Art and Stories from Mughal India</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (July 31-October 23, 2016).", "opening_date": "2016-07-31T04:00:00"}], "legacy": []}, "provenance": [{"description": "Estate of Breckinridge Long [1881\u20131958], Bowie, MD", "citations": [], "footnotes": ["<div><!--block-->Samuel Miller Breckinridge Long (May 16, 1881\u2013September 26, 1958) was an American diplomat and politician, who served in the administrations of Presidents Woodrow Wilson and Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Long is largely remembered for his obstructionist role as the Assistant Secretary of State responsible for granting refugee visas during World War II.&nbsp;</div><div><!--block-->His interests included the collection of antiques, paintings and American ship models. He maintained a stable of Thoroughbred race horses and was a director of the Laurel Park Racecourse in Laurel, Maryland, and he enjoyed fox hunting, fishing, and sailing.</div>"], "date": "?\u20131959", "sortorder": 1}, {"description": "(Harry Burke Antiques, Philadelphia, PA)", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "1959\u20131962?", "sortorder": 2}, {"description": "(Bernard Brown Agency, Milwaukee, WI, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art. Purchased with funds from Mrs. A. Dean [Helen Wade Greene] Perry)", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "1959?\u20131962", "sortorder": 3}, {"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "1962\u2013", "sortorder": 4}], "find_spot": null, "related_works": [], "former_accession_numbers": [], "did_you_know": "Khujasta has been drinking wine\u2014evidenced by the bottles on the low table before her.", "early_education_description": null, "artlens_description": null, "description": "Khujasta prepares herself each night to secretly meet her new lover, but before she is able to leave, her pet parrot Tuti cleverly entices her to stay with the tantalizing beginnings of a story. Tuti\u2019s telling of the story takes all night, and by the time he reaches the end, it is too late for her rendezvous. A bowl of paan, areca nuts wrapped in betel leaves, has been set out for chewing, freshening breath, and its various pleasurable effects.", "external_resources": {"wikidata": ["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60467019"], "internet_archive": ["https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1962.279.185.a-the-parrot-addresses"]}, "citations": [{"citation": "Seyller, John. \u201cOverpainting in the Cleveland T\u0324\u016bt\u012bn\u0101ma.\u201d <em>Artibus Asiae</em> 52, no. 3/4 (1992): 283-318.", "page_number": "p. 317", "url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/3249892"}, {"citation": "Mace, Sonya Rhie, Mohsen Ashtiany, Catherine Glynn, Pedro Moura Carvalho, Marcus Fraser, and Ruby Lal. <em>Mughal Paintings: Art and Stories: the Cleveland Museum of Art</em>. London: D Giles Limited, 2016.", "page_number": "p. 184", "url": ""}], "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1962.279.185.a", "images": {"annotation": null, "web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1962.279.185.a/1962.279.185.a_web.jpg", "width": "586", "height": "900", "filesize": "360160", "filename": "1962.279.185.a_web.jpg"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1962.279.185.a/1962.279.185.a_print.jpg", "width": "2215", "height": "3400", "filesize": "3904932", "filename": "1962.279.185.a_print.jpg"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1962.279.185.a/1962.279.185.a_full.tif", "width": "6190", "height": "9501", "filesize": "176462382", "filename": "1962.279.185.a_full.tif"}}, "alternate_images": [{"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1962.279.185.a/1962.279.185.a_alt0_web.jpg", "width": "588", "height": "893", "filesize": "489776"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1962.279.185.a/1962.279.185.a_alt0_print.jpg", "width": "2239", "height": "3400", "filesize": "6650989"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1962.279.185.a/1962.279.185.a_alt0_full.tif", "width": "3348", "height": "5084", "filesize": "51095048"}, "date_created": "2011-08-04T18:33:37", "annotation": ""}], "creditline": "Gift of Mrs. A. Dean Perry", "image_credit": null, "sketchfab_id": null, "sketchfab_url": null, "gallery_donor_text": null, "athena_id": 137542, "creators": [], "legal_status": "accessioned", "accession_date": "1962-11-17T00:00:00", "sortable_date": 1555, "date_added_to_oa": null, "date_text": "c. 1560", "collapse_artists": false, "on_loan": false, "recently_acquired": false, "record_type": "part", "conservation_statement": null, "has_conservation_images": false, "cover_accession_number": "1962.279", "is_nazi_era_provenance": false, "impression": null, "alternate_titles": ["The parrot addresses Khujasta at the beginning of the twenty-seventh night, recto of folio 185 from Akbar\u2019s Tuti-nama (Tales of a Parrot)"], "is_highlight": false, "updated_at": "2026-05-29 07:01:31.675000"}, {"id": 314434, "accession_number": "2018.130", "share_license_status": "CC0", "tombstone": "Two Women Pluck Flowers on a Terrace: Gunakali Ragini, from a Ragamala, c. 1650. Central India, Madhya Pradesh, Malwa. Gum tempera and gold on paper; page: 21 x 16.5 cm (8 1/4 x 6 1/2 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Purchase and partial gift from the Catherine and Ralph Benkaim Collection; Severance and Greta Millikin Purchase Fund, 2018.130", "current_location": null, "title": "Two Women Pluck Flowers on a Terrace: Gunakali Ragini, from a Ragamala", "creation_date": "c. 1650", "creation_date_earliest": 1640, "creation_date_latest": 1660, "artists_tags": [], "culture": ["Central India, Madhya Pradesh, Malwa"], "technique": "Gum tempera and gold on paper", "support_materials": [], "department": "Indian and Southeast Asian Art", "collection": "Indian Art", "type": "Painting", "measurements": "Page: 21 x 16.5 cm (8 1/4 x 6 1/2 in.)", "dimensions": {"page": {"height": 0.21, "height_inch": 8, "height_inch_fraction": 0.25, "width": 0.165, "width_inch": 6, "width_inch_fraction": 0.5}}, "state_of_the_work": null, "edition_of_the_work": null, "copyright": null, "inscriptions": [{"inscription": "Verso: Gunakari Ragini; Text\nStamped, Tasvir Khana, No: 4, Datiya State (Later date), the lower stamp is not visible in the image.", "inscription_translation": null, "inscription_remark": null, "sortorder": null}], "exhibitions": {"current": [], "legacy": []}, "provenance": [{"description": "Catherine Glynn Benkaim and Barbara Timmer, Beverly Hills, CA, partial sale and gift to the Cleveland Museum of Art", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "?-2018", "sortorder": 1}, {"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "2018-", "sortorder": 2}], "find_spot": null, "related_works": [], "former_accession_numbers": [], "did_you_know": "The musical mode Gunakari is performed before sunrise, suggested by the black background.", "early_education_description": null, "artlens_description": null, "description": "A woman with dark complexion and her fair-skinned companion collect flowers in a white bowl from a plant growing in a golden pot. Two huge yellow bolsters set rakishly on the bed suggest restlessness inside the chamber. A gold box for breath-freshening betel (<em>paan</em>) is on the bed, and golden wine vessels are in the two turrets and on the roof, probably to be drunk while watching for her lover to arrive.", "external_resources": {"wikidata": ["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60483112"], "internet_archive": ["https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-2018.130-two-women-pluck-flow"]}, "citations": [], "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/2018.130", "images": {"annotation": null, "web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.130/2018.130_web.jpg", "width": "712", "height": "900", "filesize": "256962", "filename": "2018.130_web.jpg"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.130/2018.130_print.jpg", "width": "2690", "height": "3400", "filesize": "2754527", "filename": "2018.130_print.jpg"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.130/2018.130_full.tif", "width": "5724", "height": "7235", "filesize": "124280604", "filename": "2018.130_full.tif"}}, "alternate_images": [{"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.130/2018.130_alt0_web.jpg", "width": "702", "height": "900", "filesize": "256850"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.130/2018.130_alt0_print.jpg", "width": "2651", "height": "3400", "filesize": "2772727"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.130/2018.130_alt0_full.tif", "width": "5728", "height": "7347", "filesize": "126291232"}, "date_created": "2016-05-24T16:05:04", "annotation": ""}], "creditline": "Purchase and partial gift from the Catherine and Ralph Benkaim Collection; Severance and Greta Millikin Purchase Fund", "image_credit": null, "sketchfab_id": null, "sketchfab_url": null, "gallery_donor_text": null, "athena_id": 314434, "creators": [], "legal_status": "accessioned", "accession_date": "2018-09-04T00:00:00-04:00", "sortable_date": 1640, "date_added_to_oa": null, "date_text": "c. 1650", "collapse_artists": false, "on_loan": false, "recently_acquired": false, "record_type": "object", "conservation_statement": null, "has_conservation_images": false, "cover_accession_number": null, "is_nazi_era_provenance": false, "impression": null, "alternate_titles": ["Two ladies examine a bush growing in a pot outside a pavilion", "Gunakari Ragini, from Ragamala series; Two ladies examine a bush growing in a pot outside a pavilion"], "is_highlight": false, "updated_at": "2026-10-16 11:51:25.084000"}, {"id": 170861, "accession_number": "2013.338", "share_license_status": "CC0", "tombstone": "A princess reclining on a terrace with attendants, c. 1730\u20131740. India, Mughal, 18th century. Gum tempera and gold on paper; page: 20.6 x 30.6 cm (8 1/8 x 12 1/16 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift in honor of Madeline Neves Clapp; Gift of Mrs. Henry White Cannon by exchange; Bequest of Louise T. Cooper; Leonard C. Hanna Jr. Fund; From the Catherine and Ralph Benkaim Collection, 2013.338", "current_location": null, "title": "A princess reclining on a terrace with attendants", "creation_date": "c. 1730\u20131740", "creation_date_earliest": 1725, "creation_date_latest": 1745, "artists_tags": [], "culture": ["India, Mughal, 18th century"], "technique": "Gum tempera and gold on paper", "support_materials": [], "department": "Indian and Southeast Asian Art", "collection": "Indian Art - Mughal", "type": "Painting", "measurements": "Page: 20.6 x 30.6 cm (8 1/8 x 12 1/16 in.)", "dimensions": {"painting only": {"height": 0.157, "height_inch": 6, "height_inch_fraction": 0.1875, "width": 0.26, "width_inch": 10, "width_inch_fraction": 0.25}, "page": {"height": 0.206, "height_inch": 8, "height_inch_fraction": 0.125, "width": 0.306, "width_inch": 12, "width_inch_fraction": 0.0625}}, "state_of_the_work": null, "edition_of_the_work": null, "copyright": null, "inscriptions": [], "exhibitions": {"current": [{"id": 203111, "title": "Art and Stories from Mughal India", "description": "<i>Art and Stories from Mughal India</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (July 31-October 23, 2016).", "opening_date": "2016-07-31T04:00:00"}], "legacy": [{"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art (7/31/2016-10/23/2016); Art and Stories from Mughal India, cat. 77, p. 297.", "opening_date": "2016-07-31T00:00:00"}]}, "provenance": [{"description": "Sotheby\u2019s, London, Important Western and Oriental Manuscripts and Miniatures, 11 April 1961, lot 35", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": null, "sortorder": 1}, {"description": "Collection of Prince Michael Radziwill (b. 1907), London", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": null, "sortorder": 2}, {"description": "Christie\u2019s, London, Art and Textiles of the Islamic and Indian World, 7 October 2011, lot 391", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": null, "sortorder": 3}, {"description": "Ramesh Kapoor, New York, until March 2012", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": null, "sortorder": 4}], "find_spot": null, "related_works": [], "former_accession_numbers": [], "did_you_know": "White is the color worn by widows.", "early_education_description": null, "artlens_description": null, "description": "This scene presents an idealized view of the life of a Mughal princess. Bejeweled and dressed in costly garments, she reclines on a couch set up on a white marble terrace. She watches two musicians sing and clap time, and a companion pours for her a cup of liquor. Two attendants stand behind, one waving a whisk to keep away the insects and another holding a box of paan, a betel-leaf preparation for freshening the breath. At the far right an older woman of the harem holds a fan while enjoying a hookah.", "external_resources": {"wikidata": ["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60482102"], "internet_archive": ["https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-2013.338-a-princess-reclining"]}, "citations": [], "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/2013.338", "images": {"annotation": null, "web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.338/2013.338_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "562", "filesize": "189107", "filename": "2013.338_web.jpg"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.338/2013.338_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "2124", "filesize": "1947424", "filename": "2013.338_print.jpg"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.338/2013.338_full.tif", "width": "7710", "height": "4817", "filesize": "111449580", "filename": "2013.338_full.tif"}}, "alternate_images": [{"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.338/2013.338_alt0_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "616", "filesize": "133964"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.338/2013.338_alt0_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "2327", "filesize": "1573648"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.338/2013.338_alt0_full.tif", "width": "6812", "height": "4662", "filesize": "95301508"}, "date_created": "2015-09-09T10:06:20", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.338/2013.338_alt1_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "612", "filesize": "186840"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.338/2013.338_alt1_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "2312", "filesize": "2060073"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.338/2013.338_alt1_full.tif", "width": "7192", "height": "4890", "filesize": "105538864"}, "date_created": "2014-03-11T15:24:39", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.338/2013.338_alt2_web.jpg", "width": "773", "height": "900", "filesize": "233636"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.338/2013.338_alt2_print.jpg", "width": "2919", "height": "3400", "filesize": "2735493"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.338/2013.338_alt2_full.tif", "width": "6000", "height": "6989", "filesize": "125834516"}, "date_created": "2014-03-11T15:09:44", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.338/2013.338_alt3_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "480", "filesize": "181645"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.338/2013.338_alt3_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "1814", "filesize": "1995143"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.338/2013.338_alt3_full.tif", "width": "6707", "height": "3579", "filesize": "72044956"}, "date_created": "2014-03-11T15:18:12", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.338/2013.338_alt4_web.jpg", "width": "584", "height": "900", "filesize": "196539"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.338/2013.338_alt4_print.jpg", "width": "2207", "height": "3400", "filesize": "2127125"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.338/2013.338_alt4_full.tif", "width": "5019", "height": "7732", "filesize": "116452944"}, "date_created": "2014-03-11T14:50:31", "annotation": ""}], "creditline": "Gift in honor of Madeline Neves Clapp; Gift of Mrs. Henry White Cannon by exchange; Bequest of Louise T. Cooper; Leonard C. Hanna Jr. Fund; From the Catherine and Ralph Benkaim Collection", "image_credit": null, "sketchfab_id": null, "sketchfab_url": null, "gallery_donor_text": null, "athena_id": 170861, "creators": [], "legal_status": "accessioned", "accession_date": "2013-12-02T00:00:00", "sortable_date": 1725, "date_added_to_oa": null, "date_text": "c. 1730\u20131740", "collapse_artists": false, "on_loan": false, "recently_acquired": false, "record_type": "object", "conservation_statement": null, "has_conservation_images": false, "cover_accession_number": null, "is_nazi_era_provenance": false, "impression": null, "alternate_titles": [], "is_highlight": false, "updated_at": "2026-10-21 13:16:21.585000"}, {"id": 159533, "accession_number": "1996.296", "share_license_status": "CC0", "tombstone": "A Ruler Presents a Document to Visiting Nobles, c. 1700\u20131720. Mughal India, Deccan. Gum tempera and gold on paper; overall: 22 x 32.7 cm (8 11/16 x 12 7/8 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Leonard C. Hanna Jr. Fund, 1996.296", "current_location": null, "title": "A Ruler Presents a Document to Visiting Nobles", "creation_date": "c. 1700\u20131720", "creation_date_earliest": 1700, "creation_date_latest": 1720, "artists_tags": [], "culture": ["Mughal India, Deccan"], "technique": "Gum tempera and gold on paper", "support_materials": [], "department": "Indian and Southeast Asian Art", "collection": "Indian Art", "type": "Painting", "measurements": "Overall: 22 x 32.7 cm (8 11/16 x 12 7/8 in.)", "dimensions": {"overall": {"height": 0.22, "height_inch": 8, "height_inch_fraction": 0.6875, "width": 0.327, "width_inch": 12, "width_inch_fraction": 0.875}}, "state_of_the_work": null, "edition_of_the_work": null, "copyright": null, "inscriptions": [], "exhibitions": {"current": [{"id": 308686, "title": "Indian Gallery 242 Rotation \u2013 April-November 2018", "description": "<i>Indian Gallery 242 Rotation \u2013 April-November 2018</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art (organizer) (April 2-November 18, 2018).", "opening_date": "2018-04-02T04:00:00"}, {"id": 665205, "title": "Carpets and Canopies in Mughal India\u200b (Indian art rotation)", "description": "<i>Carpets and Canopies in Mughal India\u200b (Indian art rotation)</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (March 22-September 8, 2024).", "opening_date": "2024-03-22T04:00:00"}], "legacy": []}, "provenance": [{"description": "(Mr. Kalesan Natesan, London, UK, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art)", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "?\u20131996", "sortorder": 1}, {"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "1996\u2013", "sortorder": 2}], "find_spot": null, "related_works": [], "former_accession_numbers": [], "did_you_know": "The figure in white has his mouth open, indicating that he is singing, accompanied by the musician behind him.", "early_education_description": null, "artlens_description": null, "description": "Many carpets produced in the southwestern region of the Indian subcontinent feature a tone-on-tone mustard-yellow color scheme with lattice design. It demarcates the space of honor for the highest-ranking members of the refined gathering of literary connoisseurs. The figure facing right, with the peacock-feather whisk held over him, would be the host. He has a letter or poem in his hand. His guests have partaken of an aromatic betel-leaf packet (<em>paan</em>) and a rose from the dishes between them. Implements for writing and trimming paper lie on the carpet between a spittoon and courtly stabbing dagger (<em>katar</em>).", "external_resources": {"wikidata": ["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60477325"], "internet_archive": ["https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1996.296-a-ruler-presents-a-d"]}, "citations": [{"citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art, \u201cRenaissance Armor, Early Islamic Ceramic, French Vase, Gleitsman Painting Added to Museum Collection,\u201d December 13, 1996, Cleveland Museum of Art Archives.", "page_number": null, "url": "https://archive.org/details/cmapr4085"}], "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1996.296", "images": {"annotation": null, "web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1996.296/1996.296_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "620", "filesize": "207304", "filename": "1996.296_web.jpg"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1996.296/1996.296_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "2343", "filesize": "2369952", "filename": "1996.296_print.jpg"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1996.296/1996.296_full.tif", "width": "7580", "height": "5224", "filesize": "118826108", "filename": "1996.296_full.tif"}}, "alternate_images": [{"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1996.296/1996.296_alt0_web.jpg", "width": "1259", "height": "893", "filesize": "954657"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1996.296/1996.296_alt0_print.jpg", "width": "2048", "height": "1453", "filesize": "1373366"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1996.296/1996.296_alt0_full.tif", "width": "2048", "height": "1453", "filesize": "8930324"}, "annotation": ""}], "creditline": "Leonard C. Hanna Jr. Fund", "image_credit": null, "sketchfab_id": null, "sketchfab_url": null, "gallery_donor_text": null, "athena_id": 159533, "creators": [], "legal_status": "accessioned", "accession_date": "1996-12-02T00:00:00", "sortable_date": 1700, "date_added_to_oa": null, "date_text": "c. 1700\u20131720", "collapse_artists": false, "on_loan": false, "recently_acquired": false, "record_type": "object", "conservation_statement": null, "has_conservation_images": false, "cover_accession_number": null, "is_nazi_era_provenance": false, "impression": null, "alternate_titles": ["Group Portrait of Rajas Surrounded by the Courtly Retinue"], "is_highlight": false, "updated_at": "2026-05-29 08:16:22.193000"}, {"id": 100023, "accession_number": "1919.570", "share_license_status": "CC0", "tombstone": "Betel Nut Box, 1800s. Tibet, 19th century. Silver and enamel; diameter: 15.3 cm (6 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift of J. H. Wade, 1919.570", "current_location": null, "title": "Betel Nut Box", "creation_date": "1800s", "creation_date_earliest": 1800, "creation_date_latest": 1900, "artists_tags": [], "culture": ["Tibet, 19th century"], "technique": "silver and enamel", "support_materials": [], "department": "Indian and Southeast Asian Art", "collection": "Tibetan Art", "type": "Metalwork", "measurements": "Diameter: 15.3 cm (6 in.)", "dimensions": {"diameter": {"width": 0.153, "width_inch": 6, "width_inch_fraction": 0.0}}, "state_of_the_work": null, "edition_of_the_work": null, "copyright": null, "inscriptions": [], "exhibitions": {"current": [], "legacy": []}, "provenance": [], "find_spot": null, "related_works": [], "former_accession_numbers": [], "did_you_know": null, "early_education_description": null, "artlens_description": null, "description": null, "external_resources": {"wikidata": ["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79490208"], "internet_archive": ["https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1919.570-betel-nut-box"]}, "citations": [], "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1919.570", "images": {"annotation": null, "web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1919.570/1919.570_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "689", "filesize": "228072", "filename": "1919.570_web.jpg"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1919.570/1919.570_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "2604", "filesize": "2380534", "filename": "1919.570_print.jpg"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1919.570/1919.570_full.tif", "width": "8397", "height": "6430", "filesize": "162003900", "filename": "1919.570_full.tif"}}, "alternate_images": [{"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1919.570/1919.570_alt0_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "690", "filesize": "226801"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1919.570/1919.570_alt0_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "2608", "filesize": "2356697"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1919.570/1919.570_alt0_full.tif", "width": "8397", "height": "6442", "filesize": "162306316"}, "date_created": "2021-01-20T14:22:39", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1919.570/1919.570_alt1_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "786", "filesize": "232913"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1919.570/1919.570_alt1_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "2970", "filesize": "2593391"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1919.570/1919.570_alt1_full.tif", "width": "8757", "height": "7650", "filesize": "200999052"}, "date_created": "2021-01-20T14:33:15", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1919.570/1919.570_alt2_web.jpg", "width": "875", "height": "900", "filesize": "239232"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1919.570/1919.570_alt2_print.jpg", "width": "3307", "height": "3400", "filesize": "2381677"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1919.570/1919.570_alt2_full.tif", "width": "8789", "height": "9035", "filesize": "238252580"}, "date_created": "2021-01-20T14:47:47", "annotation": ""}], "creditline": "Gift of J. H. Wade", "image_credit": null, "sketchfab_id": null, "sketchfab_url": null, "gallery_donor_text": null, "athena_id": 100023, "creators": [], "legal_status": "accessioned", "accession_date": "1919-06-30T00:00:00", "sortable_date": 1800, "date_added_to_oa": null, "date_text": "1800s", "collapse_artists": false, "on_loan": false, "recently_acquired": false, "record_type": "object", "conservation_statement": null, "has_conservation_images": false, "cover_accession_number": null, "is_nazi_era_provenance": false, "impression": null, "alternate_titles": [], "is_highlight": false, "updated_at": "2026-05-29 05:24:42.248000"}, {"id": 170852, "accession_number": "2013.335", "share_license_status": "CC0", "tombstone": "A prince conversing with a woman while taking refreshments on a terrace (recto); Calligraphy (verso), c. 1710\u201320. Mughal India. Gum tempera, ink, and gold on paper; page: 30.5 x 24.1 cm (12 x 9 1/2 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift in honor of Madeline Neves Clapp; Gift of Mrs. Henry White Cannon by exchange; Bequest of Louise T. Cooper; Leonard C. Hanna Jr. Fund; From the Catherine and Ralph Benkaim Collection, 2013.335", "current_location": null, "title": "A prince conversing with a woman while taking refreshments on a terrace (recto); Calligraphy (verso)", "creation_date": "c. 1710\u201320", "creation_date_earliest": 1705, "creation_date_latest": 1725, "artists_tags": [], "culture": ["Mughal India"], "technique": "Gum tempera, ink, and gold on paper", "support_materials": [], "department": "Indian and Southeast Asian Art", "collection": "Indian Art - Mughal", "type": "Painting", "measurements": "Page: 30.5 x 24.1 cm (12 x 9 1/2 in.)", "dimensions": {"page": {"height": 0.305, "height_inch": 12, "height_inch_fraction": 0.0, "width": 0.241, "width_inch": 9, "width_inch_fraction": 0.5}, "painting only": {"height": 0.178, "height_inch": 7, "height_inch_fraction": 0.0, "width": 0.121, "width_inch": 4, "width_inch_fraction": 0.75}}, "state_of_the_work": null, "edition_of_the_work": null, "copyright": null, "inscriptions": [{"inscription": "Verso: From a Bustan (Fragrant Herb Garden) of Sa\u2018di (Persian, 1210\u20131291).\nPersian text in nasta\u2018liq script:\n\nWhy do the adherents of Idea to this not cleave\u2014/\nThat only the Elect may go in water or in fire?/\nAs for the infant, uninformed of fire,/\nDoes not his mother guard him lovingly?/\nThose, then, who\u2019re drowned in ecstasy/\nBy night and day are in the very care of Truth:/\nHe guards the Friend against the fire\u2019s heat/\nAs Moses\u2019s crib against the whirlpools of the Nile;/\nWhen an infant\u2019s in a swimmer\u2019s arms/\nHe knows no fear, broad though the Tigris be;/\nBut how shall you step on the ocean\u2019s face/\nAs do real men, when even on dry land your skirt is wet?/\n\nThe way of the intellect is all twists and turns,/\nBut the concern of the gnostics is for God alone!/\nThis can be said to those who recognize realities,/ \nThough adherents of analogy may carp thereat and say:/\n\u201cWhat, then, is heaven, and what earth besides?/\nWho are the sons of Adam, and the beasts both wild and tame?\u201d/\nA proper thing you\u2019ve asked, O prudent one!/\nI\u2019ll tell you\u2014if you find the answer proper:/\nThe plain and the ocean, the mountain and the sky,/\nPari and manchild, demon and angel\u2014/\nAll, whatsoever they be, are less than That/\nBy virtue of Whose being they utter being\u2019s name!/\nMonstrous before you, with its waves, lies the ocean;/\nHigh is the sun, all ablaze at the zenith;\n(after Wickens 1974, 113)", "inscription_translation": null, "inscription_remark": null, "sortorder": null}], "exhibitions": {"current": [], "legacy": [{"description": "<em>Art and Stories from Mughal India</em>. The Cleveland Museum of Art (organizer) (July 31-October 23, 2016). (2013.335.a only)", "opening_date": "2016-07-31T00:00:00"}]}, "provenance": [{"description": "Sir Charles Forbes, 7th Baronet [1773\u20131849], Bengal, London, and Scotland, by descent to his great-grandson, Colonel Sir John Forbes", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "?\u20131849", "sortorder": 1}, {"description": "Colonel Sir John Stewart Forbes [1901\u20131984], Baronet, DSO, DL, Allargue House, Strathdon, Aberdeenshire, Scotland, UK, consigned to Sotheby's London for sale", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "?\u20131962", "sortorder": 2}, {"description": "(Sotheby\u2019s, London, Western and Oriental Manuscripts and Miniatures, 10 December 1962, lot 9, sold to Ralph Benkaim)", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "10 December 1962", "sortorder": 3}, {"description": "Ralph Benkaim [1914-\u20132001] and Catherine Glynn Benkaim [b. 1946], Beverly Hills, CA, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "1962\u20132013", "sortorder": 4}, {"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "2013\u2013", "sortorder": 5}], "find_spot": null, "related_works": [], "former_accession_numbers": [], "did_you_know": "The prince removed his shoes before joining the picnic on the carpeted terrace.", "early_education_description": null, "artlens_description": null, "description": "The carpet turns a terrace into a space where a prince can enjoy the company of women over wine and fruits. A covered box on the carpet contains aromatic betel nut packets for pleasurable chewing. He has removed his shoes, which are left on the marble step.<br> <br>A princess pours liquor from a golden bottle into a tiny blue-and-white ceramic cup. The pair\u2019s royal status is indicated by the attendants who hold the white cloth and peacock-feather whisks. Two other women bring jewels and a vial of perfume to be inspected and discussed by the royal connoisseurs.", "external_resources": {"wikidata": ["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60481987"], "internet_archive": ["https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-2013.335-a-prince-conversing"]}, "citations": [{"citation": "Mace, Sonya Rhie, Mohsen Ashtiany, Catherine Glynn, Pedro Moura Carvalho, Marcus Fraser, and Ruby Lal. <em>Mughal Paintings: Art and Stories: the Cleveland Museum of Art</em>.  London: D Giles Limited, 2016.", "page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: cat. no. 74, p. 298", "url": null}], "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/2013.335", "images": {"annotation": null, "web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.335/2013.335_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "703", "filesize": "411633", "filename": "2013.335_web.jpg"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.335/2013.335_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "2656", "filesize": "4153244", "filename": "2013.335_print.jpg"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.335/2013.335_full.tif", "width": "9111", "height": "7116", "filesize": "194538400", "filename": "2013.335_full.tif"}}, "alternate_images": [{"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.335/2013.335_alt0_web.jpg", "width": "626", "height": "900", "filesize": "243785"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.335/2013.335_alt0_print.jpg", "width": "2366", "height": "3400", "filesize": "2781226"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2013.335/2013.335_alt0_full.tif", "width": "4681", "height": "6728", "filesize": "94514464"}, "date_created": "2014-04-10T10:00:46", "annotation": ""}], "creditline": "Gift in honor of Madeline Neves Clapp; Gift of Mrs. Henry White Cannon by exchange; Bequest of Louise T. Cooper; Leonard C. Hanna Jr. Fund; From the Catherine and Ralph Benkaim Collection", "image_credit": null, "sketchfab_id": null, "sketchfab_url": null, "gallery_donor_text": null, "athena_id": 170852, "creators": [], "legal_status": "accessioned", "accession_date": "2013-12-02T00:00:00", "sortable_date": 1705, "date_added_to_oa": null, "date_text": "c. 1710\u201320", "collapse_artists": false, "on_loan": false, "recently_acquired": false, "record_type": "cover", "conservation_statement": null, "has_conservation_images": false, "cover_accession_number": null, "is_nazi_era_provenance": false, "impression": null, "alternate_titles": [], "is_highlight": false, "updated_at": "2026-10-21 13:16:21.523000"}, {"id": 314449, "accession_number": "2018.144", "share_license_status": "CC0", "tombstone": "Maharana Sangram Singh II (r. 1710\u201334) Worshipping a Linga Under a Banyan Tree, c. 1712\u201315. Northwestern India, Rajasthan, Rajput Kingdom of Mewar. Gum tempera, ink, and gold on paper; page: 24.8 x 18.1 cm (9 3/4 x 7 1/8 in.); miniature: 23.2 x 16.8 cm (9 1/8 x 6 5/8 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Purchase and partial gift from the Catherine and Ralph Benkaim Collection; Severance and Greta Millikin Purchase Fund, 2018.144", "current_location": null, "title": "Maharana Sangram Singh II (r. 1710\u201334) Worshipping a Linga Under a Banyan Tree", "creation_date": "c. 1712\u201315", "creation_date_earliest": 1702, "creation_date_latest": 1725, "artists_tags": [], "culture": ["Northwestern India, Rajasthan, Rajput Kingdom of Mewar"], "technique": "Gum tempera, ink, and gold on paper", "support_materials": [], "department": "Indian and Southeast Asian Art", "collection": "Indian Art", "type": "Painting", "measurements": "Page: 24.8 x 18.1 cm (9 3/4 x 7 1/8 in.); Miniature: 23.2 x 16.8 cm (9 1/8 x 6 5/8 in.)", "dimensions": {"miniature": {"height": 0.232, "height_inch": 9, "height_inch_fraction": 0.125, "width": 0.168, "width_inch": 6, "width_inch_fraction": 0.625}, "page": {"height": 0.248, "height_inch": 9, "height_inch_fraction": 0.75, "width": 0.181, "width_inch": 7, "width_inch_fraction": 0.125}}, "state_of_the_work": null, "edition_of_the_work": null, "copyright": null, "inscriptions": [{"inscription": "\u015br\u012b mah\u0101ran\u0101 j\u012b \u015bri sangram s\u012bgha j\u012b badal\u0101 r\u0101bh\u0101e (?)", "inscription_translation": "Maharana Sangram Singh ji [and his] brother [from] Bedla", "inscription_remark": null, "sortorder": null}, {"inscription": "18", "inscription_translation": "[number] 18", "inscription_remark": null, "sortorder": null}], "exhibitions": {"current": [{"id": 674335, "title": "Temples and Worship in South Asia", "description": "<i>Temples and Worship in South Asia</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (September 14, 2024-March 9, 2025).", "opening_date": "2024-09-14T04:00:00"}], "legacy": []}, "provenance": [{"description": "Catherine Glynn Benkaim and Barbara Timmer, Beverly Hills, CA, partial sale and gift to the Cleveland Museum of Art", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "?\u20132018", "sortorder": 2}, {"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "2018\u2013", "sortorder": 3}], "find_spot": null, "related_works": [], "former_accession_numbers": [], "did_you_know": "A miniature sculpture of Nandi, the bull mount of Shiva, is next to the king on the terrace.", "early_education_description": null, "artlens_description": null, "description": "Shrines alongside bodies of water were associated with serpent deities. A four-headed snake painted gold is wrapped around the linga (the phallic emblem marking the sacred presence of the god Shiva). Facing the linga is a marble image of Shiva\u2019s mount, the bull Nandi. Flowers, packets of <em>paan</em> (areca nut and sweet aromatics wrapped in betel leaf), coconuts, and a flower garland are among the offerings. A brass ewer holds purified water, and a bell would punctuate moments of recitation. A blue-and-white porcelain cup holds the fragrant yellow paste to be applied to the linga and the forehead of the pious king.", "external_resources": {"wikidata": ["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60483168"], "internet_archive": ["https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-2018.144-maharana-sangram-sin"]}, "citations": [], "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/2018.144", "images": {"annotation": null, "web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.144/2018.144_web.jpg", "width": "657", "height": "900", "filesize": "246088", "filename": "2018.144_web.jpg"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.144/2018.144_print.jpg", "width": "2482", "height": "3400", "filesize": "2482933", "filename": "2018.144_print.jpg"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.144/2018.144_full.tif", "width": "5399", "height": "7396", "filesize": "119833120", "filename": "2018.144_full.tif"}}, "alternate_images": [{"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.144/2018.144_alt0_web.jpg", "width": "664", "height": "900", "filesize": "182643"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.144/2018.144_alt0_print.jpg", "width": "2509", "height": "3400", "filesize": "1991525"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.144/2018.144_alt0_full.tif", "width": "5459", "height": "7397", "filesize": "121179092"}, "date_created": "2016-05-24T14:28:14.036000", "annotation": ""}], "creditline": "Purchase and partial gift from the Catherine and Ralph Benkaim Collection; Severance and Greta Millikin Purchase Fund", "image_credit": null, "sketchfab_id": null, "sketchfab_url": null, "gallery_donor_text": null, "athena_id": 314449, "creators": [], "legal_status": "accessioned", "accession_date": "2018-09-04T00:00:00-04:00", "sortable_date": 1702, "date_added_to_oa": null, "date_text": "c. 1712\u201315", "collapse_artists": false, "on_loan": false, "recently_acquired": false, "record_type": "object", "conservation_statement": null, "has_conservation_images": false, "cover_accession_number": null, "is_nazi_era_provenance": false, "impression": null, "alternate_titles": ["Rana Sangram Singh doing puja under a papal tree", "Rana Sangram Singh Worshipping a Linga under a Banyan Tree"], "is_highlight": false, "updated_at": "2026-05-29 08:55:29.371000"}, {"id": 103650, "accession_number": "1921.595", "share_license_status": "CC0", "tombstone": "Betel-nut Holder and Chatelaine, 1800s. Burma (?). Silver; overall: 24.2 cm (9 1/2 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift of Mrs. Charles William Wason, 1921.595", "current_location": null, "title": "Betel-nut Holder and Chatelaine", "creation_date": "1800s", "creation_date_earliest": 1750, "creation_date_latest": 1920, "artists_tags": [], "culture": ["Burma (?)"], "technique": "silver", "support_materials": [], "department": "Indian and Southeast Asian Art", "collection": "Burmese Art", "type": "Jewelry", "measurements": "Overall: 24.2 cm (9 1/2 in.)", "dimensions": {"overall": {"length": 0.242, "length_inch": 9, "length_inch_fraction": 0.5}}, "state_of_the_work": null, "edition_of_the_work": null, "copyright": null, "inscriptions": [], "exhibitions": {"current": [], "legacy": []}, "provenance": [{"description": "Mrs. Charles William [Mabel Breckenridge] Wason [c. 1872\u20131958], Cleveland Heights, OH, given to the Cleveland Museum of Art", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "?\u20131921", "sortorder": 1}, {"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "1921\u2013", "sortorder": 2}], "find_spot": null, "related_works": [], "former_accession_numbers": [], "did_you_know": null, "early_education_description": null, "artlens_description": null, "description": null, "external_resources": {"wikidata": ["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79508445"], "internet_archive": ["https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1921.595-betel-nut-holder-and"]}, "citations": [], "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1921.595", "images": {"annotation": null, "web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1921.595/1921.595_web.jpg", "width": "515", "height": "900", "filesize": "148958", "filename": "1921.595_web.jpg"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1921.595/1921.595_print.jpg", "width": "1944", "height": "3400", "filesize": "1074869", "filename": "1921.595_print.jpg"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1921.595/1921.595_full.tif", "width": "4916", "height": "8598", "filesize": "126827628", "filename": "1921.595_full.tif"}}, "alternate_images": [{"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1921.595/1921.595_alt0_web.jpg", "width": "568", "height": "900", "filesize": "149755"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1921.595/1921.595_alt0_print.jpg", "width": "2144", "height": "3400", "filesize": "1022996"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1921.595/1921.595_alt0_full.tif", "width": "6529", "height": "10356", "filesize": "202867440"}, "date_created": "2020-11-05T16:20:39", "annotation": ""}], "creditline": "Gift of Mrs. Charles William Wason", "image_credit": null, "sketchfab_id": null, "sketchfab_url": null, "gallery_donor_text": null, "athena_id": 103650, "creators": [], "legal_status": "accessioned", "accession_date": "1921-03-27T00:00:00", "sortable_date": 1750, "date_added_to_oa": null, "date_text": "1800s", "collapse_artists": false, "on_loan": false, "recently_acquired": false, "record_type": "object", "conservation_statement": null, "has_conservation_images": false, "cover_accession_number": null, "is_nazi_era_provenance": false, "impression": null, "alternate_titles": [], "is_highlight": false, "updated_at": "2026-09-16 11:22:30.408000"}, {"id": 145946, "accession_number": "1971.153", "share_license_status": "CC0", "tombstone": "Lime Spatula, before 1930. Melanesia, New Guinea, Massim Area, Trobriand Islands, 20th century. Wood; overall: 32.7 cm (12 7/8 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift of Dr. and Mrs. Thomas Munro, 1971.153", "current_location": null, "title": "Lime Spatula", "creation_date": "before 1930", "creation_date_earliest": 1900, "creation_date_latest": 1930, "artists_tags": [], "culture": ["Melanesia, New Guinea, Massim Area, Trobriand Islands, 20th century"], "technique": "wood", "support_materials": [], "department": "Oceania", "collection": "Oceanic Art", "type": "Sculpture", "measurements": "Overall: 32.7 cm (12 7/8 in.)", "dimensions": {"overall": {"height": 0.327, "height_inch": 12, "height_inch_fraction": 0.875}}, "state_of_the_work": null, "edition_of_the_work": null, "copyright": null, "inscriptions": [], "exhibitions": {"current": [{"id": 301427, "title": "Year in Review: 1971", "description": "<i>Year in Review: 1971</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (December 28, 1971-February 6, 1972).", "opening_date": "1971-12-28T05:00:00"}], "legacy": []}, "provenance": [], "find_spot": null, "related_works": [], "former_accession_numbers": [], "did_you_know": null, "early_education_description": null, "artlens_description": null, "description": "Intricately carved spatulas (chunum) were used to remove a mixture of areca nut, lime, and betel pepper from gourd containers for chewing.  The stylized human face and figure are decorated with lime-filled incised designs.", "external_resources": {"wikidata": ["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79923852"], "internet_archive": ["https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1971.153-lime-spatula"]}, "citations": [], "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1971.153", "images": {"annotation": null, "web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1971.153/1971.153_web.jpg", "width": "378", "height": "900", "filesize": "118944", "filename": "1971.153_web.jpg"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1971.153/1971.153_print.jpg", "width": "1429", "height": "3400", "filesize": "418103", "filename": "1971.153_print.jpg"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1971.153/1971.153_full.tif", "width": "4103", "height": "9764", "filesize": "120208800", "filename": "1971.153_full.tif"}}, "alternate_images": [{"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1971.153/1971.153_alt0_web.jpg", "width": "353", "height": "900", "filesize": "120222"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1971.153/1971.153_alt0_print.jpg", "width": "1332", "height": "3400", "filesize": "423967"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1971.153/1971.153_alt0_full.tif", "width": "3787", "height": "9669", "filesize": "109873236"}, "date_created": "2021-03-09T16:25:33", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1971.153/1971.153_alt1_web.jpg", "width": "341", "height": "900", "filesize": "106699"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1971.153/1971.153_alt1_print.jpg", "width": "1288", "height": "3400", "filesize": "256200"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1971.153/1971.153_alt1_full.tif", "width": "3572", "height": "9427", "filesize": "101044028"}, "date_created": "2021-03-09T16:38:47", "annotation": ""}], "creditline": "Gift of Dr. and Mrs. Thomas Munro", "image_credit": null, "sketchfab_id": null, "sketchfab_url": null, "gallery_donor_text": null, "athena_id": 145946, "creators": [], "legal_status": "accessioned", "accession_date": "1971-12-11T00:00:00", "sortable_date": 1900, "date_added_to_oa": null, "date_text": "before 1930", "collapse_artists": false, "on_loan": false, "recently_acquired": false, "record_type": "object", "conservation_statement": null, "has_conservation_images": false, "cover_accession_number": null, "is_nazi_era_provenance": false, "impression": null, "alternate_titles": [], "is_highlight": false, "updated_at": "2026-05-29 07:28:56.034000"}, {"id": 162431, "accession_number": "2003.107", "share_license_status": "CC0", "tombstone": "Leaf from a Kalighat album: Maid bringing a hookah to a lady (recto); Krishna weighed against precious objects(?) (verso), c. 1890. Eastern India, Bengal, Kolkata, Kalighat. Gum tempera, graphite, ink, and tin on paper; Woodcut, hand colored with gum tempera; secondary support: 48.6 x 30.1 cm (19 1/8 x 11 7/8 in.); recto image: 45.8 x 27.5 cm (18 1/16 x 10 13/16 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift of William E. Ward in memory of his wife, Evelyn Svec Ward, 2003.107", "current_location": null, "title": "Leaf from a Kalighat album: Maid bringing a hookah to a lady (recto); Krishna weighed against precious objects(?) (verso)", "creation_date": "c. 1890", "creation_date_earliest": 1875, "creation_date_latest": 1905, "artists_tags": [], "culture": ["Eastern India, Bengal, Kolkata, Kalighat"], "technique": "Gum tempera, graphite, ink, and tin on paper; Woodcut, hand colored with gum tempera", "support_materials": [], "department": "Indian and Southeast Asian Art", "collection": "Indian Art", "type": "Painting", "measurements": "Secondary Support: 48.6 x 30.1 cm (19 1/8 x 11 7/8 in.); Recto Image: 45.8 x 27.5 cm (18 1/16 x 10 13/16 in.)", "dimensions": {"secondary support": {"height": 0.486, "height_inch": 19, "height_inch_fraction": 0.125, "width": 0.301, "width_inch": 11, "width_inch_fraction": 0.875}, "recto image": {"height": 0.458, "height_inch": 18, "height_inch_fraction": 0.0625, "width": 0.275, "width_inch": 10, "width_inch_fraction": 0.8125}, "verso image": {"height": 0.255, "height_inch": 10, "height_inch_fraction": 0.0625, "width": 0.355, "width_inch": 14, "width_inch_fraction": 0.0}}, "state_of_the_work": null, "edition_of_the_work": null, "copyright": null, "inscriptions": [], "exhibitions": {"current": [], "legacy": [{"description": "<em>Indian Kalighat Paintings</em>. The Cleveland Museum of Art (organizer) (May 1-September 18, 2011). (2003.107.a only)", "opening_date": "2011-05-01T00:00:00"}]}, "provenance": [{"description": "William E. Ward [1922-2004], Solon, OH, given to the Cleveland Museum of Art", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "?-2003", "sortorder": 1}, {"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "2003-", "sortorder": 2}], "find_spot": null, "related_works": [], "former_accession_numbers": [], "did_you_know": null, "early_education_description": null, "artlens_description": null, "description": "Kalighat paintings reflect the time and context in which they were created. Kalighat painters used their medium to offer penetrating and insightful critiques of British-influenced Indians as well as the British themselves through satires and caricatures. Newly rich Bengali native Indian clerks (babus) aspired to dress and behave like their British masters, and Kalighat painters taunted them for this. <br><br>The maid, dressed in green, holds a hookah in her right hand. The lady in red is likely a fashionable high society concubine or prostitute known and depicted at this time as hookah-smoking, makeup-wearing, paan- (betel leaf with areca nut and lime paste) chewing hussies. The wealth created by the East India Company made it possible for Bengali babu dandies to have concubines and pay for prostitutes.", "external_resources": {"wikidata": ["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60478611"], "internet_archive": ["https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-2003.107-maid-bringing-a-hook", "https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-2003.107-leaf-from-a-kalighat"]}, "citations": [], "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/2003.107", "images": {"annotation": null, "web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2003.107/2003.107_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "573", "filesize": "298065", "filename": "2003.107_web.jpg"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2003.107/2003.107_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "2166", "filesize": "2877651", "filename": "2003.107_print.jpg"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2003.107/2003.107_full.tif", "width": "10273", "height": "6546", "filesize": "201774452", "filename": "2003.107_full.tif"}}, "alternate_images": [{"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2003.107/2003.107_alt0_web.jpg", "width": "604", "height": "900", "filesize": "205537"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2003.107/2003.107_alt0_print.jpg", "width": "2281", "height": "3400", "filesize": "2372122"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2003.107/2003.107_alt0_full.tif", "width": "4392", "height": "6546", "filesize": "86283244"}, "date_created": "2014-03-18T15:50:40", "annotation": ""}], "creditline": "Gift of William E. Ward in memory of his wife, Evelyn Svec Ward", "image_credit": null, "sketchfab_id": null, "sketchfab_url": null, "gallery_donor_text": null, "athena_id": 162431, "creators": [], "legal_status": "accessioned", "accession_date": "2003-09-02T00:00:00", "sortable_date": 1875, "date_added_to_oa": null, "date_text": "c. 1890", "collapse_artists": false, "on_loan": false, "recently_acquired": false, "record_type": "cover", "conservation_statement": null, "has_conservation_images": false, "cover_accession_number": null, "is_nazi_era_provenance": false, "impression": null, "alternate_titles": ["Prostitutes"], "is_highlight": false, "updated_at": "2026-05-29 08:26:02.559000"}, {"id": 162432, "accession_number": "2003.107.a", "share_license_status": "CC0", "tombstone": "Maid bringing a hookah to a lady (recto), from a Kalighat album, c. 1890. Eastern India, Bengal, Kolkata, Kalighat. Gum tempera, graphite, ink, and tin on paper; secondary support: 48.6 x 30.1 cm (19 1/8 x 11 7/8 in.); painting only: 45.8 x 27.5 cm (18 1/16 x 10 13/16 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift of William E. Ward in memory of his wife, Evelyn Svec Ward, 2003.107.a", "current_location": null, "title": "Maid bringing a hookah to a lady (recto), from a Kalighat album", "creation_date": "c. 1890", "creation_date_earliest": 1875, "creation_date_latest": 1905, "artists_tags": [], "culture": ["Eastern India, Bengal, Kolkata, Kalighat"], "technique": "Gum tempera, graphite, ink, and tin on paper", "support_materials": [], "department": "Indian and Southeast Asian Art", "collection": "Indian Art", "type": "Painting", "measurements": "Secondary Support: 48.6 x 30.1 cm (19 1/8 x 11 7/8 in.); Painting only: 45.8 x 27.5 cm (18 1/16 x 10 13/16 in.)", "dimensions": {"secondary support": {"height": 0.486, "height_inch": 19, "height_inch_fraction": 0.125, "width": 0.301, "width_inch": 11, "width_inch_fraction": 0.875}, "painting only": {"height": 0.458, "height_inch": 18, "height_inch_fraction": 0.0625, "width": 0.275, "width_inch": 10, "width_inch_fraction": 0.8125}}, "state_of_the_work": null, "edition_of_the_work": null, "copyright": null, "inscriptions": [], "exhibitions": {"current": [{"id": 200105, "title": "Indian Kalighat Paintings", "description": "<i>Indian Kalighat Paintings</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (May 1-September 18, 2011).", "opening_date": "2011-05-01T00:00:00"}], "legacy": []}, "provenance": [{"description": "William E. Ward [1922-2004], Solon, OH, given to the Cleveland Museum of Art", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "?-2003", "sortorder": 1}, {"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "2003-", "sortorder": 2}], "find_spot": null, "related_works": [], "former_accession_numbers": [], "did_you_know": null, "early_education_description": null, "artlens_description": null, "description": "Kalighat paintings reflect the time and context in which they were created. Kalighat painters used their medium to offer penetrating and insightful critiques of British-influenced Indians as well as the British themselves through satires and caricatures. Newly rich Bengali native Indian clerks (babus) aspired to dress and behave like their British masters, and Kalighat painters taunted them for this. <br><br>The maid, dressed in green, holds a hookah in her right hand. The lady in red is likely a fashionable high society concubine or prostitute known and depicted at this time as hookah-smoking, makeup-wearing, paan- (betel leaf with areca nut and lime paste) chewing hussies. The wealth created by the East India Company made it possible for Bengali babu dandies to have concubines and pay for prostitutes.", "external_resources": {"wikidata": ["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60478627"], "internet_archive": ["https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-2003.107.a-maid-bringing-a-hook"]}, "citations": [], "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/2003.107.a", "images": {"annotation": null, "web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2003.107.a/2003.107.a_web.jpg", "width": "604", "height": "900", "filesize": "205100", "filename": "2003.107.a_web.jpg"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2003.107.a/2003.107.a_print.jpg", "width": "2281", "height": "3400", "filesize": "2371685", "filename": "2003.107.a_print.jpg"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2003.107.a/2003.107.a_full.tif", "width": "4392", "height": "6546", "filesize": "86282796", "filename": "2003.107.a_full.tif"}}, "alternate_images": [], "creditline": "Gift of William E. Ward in memory of his wife, Evelyn Svec Ward", "image_credit": null, "sketchfab_id": null, "sketchfab_url": null, "gallery_donor_text": null, "athena_id": 162432, "creators": [], "legal_status": "accessioned", "accession_date": "2003-09-02T00:00:00", "sortable_date": 1875, "date_added_to_oa": null, "date_text": "c. 1890", "collapse_artists": false, "on_loan": false, "recently_acquired": false, "record_type": "part", "conservation_statement": null, "has_conservation_images": false, "cover_accession_number": "2003.107", "is_nazi_era_provenance": false, "impression": null, "alternate_titles": ["Prostitutes"], "is_highlight": false, "updated_at": "2026-05-29 08:26:01.209000"}, {"id": 160133, "accession_number": "1997.91", "share_license_status": "CC0", "tombstone": "Quails and Sparrows in an Autumn Scene (\u79cb\u666f\u9d89\u96c0\u5716), 1347. Wang Yuan (Chinese, c. 1299\u2013after 1366). Hanging scroll, ink on paper; painting: 114.3 x 56 cm (45 x 22 1/16 in.); overall with knobs: 267.5 x 85 cm (105 5/16 x 33 7/16 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Bequest of Mrs. A. Dean Perry, 1997.91", "current_location": null, "title": "Quails and Sparrows in an Autumn Scene", "title_in_original_language": "\u79cb\u666f\u9d89\u96c0\u5716", "creation_date": "1347", "creation_date_earliest": 1347, "creation_date_latest": 1347, "artists_tags": ["male"], "culture": ["China, Yuan dynasty (1271\u20131368)"], "technique": "hanging scroll, ink on paper", "support_materials": [], "department": "Chinese Art", "collection": "ASIAN - Hanging scroll", "type": "Painting", "measurements": "Painting: 114.3 x 56 cm (45 x 22 1/16 in.); Overall with knobs: 267.5 x 85 cm (105 5/16 x 33 7/16 in.)", "dimensions": {"painting": {"height": 1.143, "height_inch": 45, "height_inch_fraction": 0.0, "width": 0.56, "width_inch": 22, "width_inch_fraction": 0.0625}, "overall": {"height": 2.675, "height_inch": 105, "height_inch_fraction": 0.3125, "width": 0.745, "width_inch": 29, "width_inch_fraction": 0.3125}, "overall with knobs": {"height": 2.675, "height_inch": 105, "height_inch_fraction": 0.3125, "width": 0.85, "width_inch": 33, "width_inch_fraction": 0.4375}}, "state_of_the_work": null, "edition_of_the_work": null, "copyright": null, "inscriptions": [{"inscription": "\u81f3\u6b63\u4e01\u4ea5\u6625 \u9322\u5858\u738b\u6df5\u82e5\u6c34\u5beb\u79cb\u666f\u9d89\u96c0\u5716\n[\u5370] \u6fb9\u8f69; [\u5370] \u82e5\u6c34; [\u5370] \u58a8\u5999\u7b46\u7cbe", "inscription_translation": "Artist's inscription, signature, and 3 seals: In the year of Zhizheng, spring of dinghai [1347], Wang Yuan, Ruoshui of Qiantang, drew this picture of Quails and Sparrows in an Autumn Scene. \n[seals] Danxuan; Ruoshuii; Mo miao bi jing.", "inscription_remark": null, "sortorder": 1}, {"inscription": "\u7fe6\u7fe6\u8f15\u98a8\u6416\u7fe0\u8446\uff0c\u5718\u5718\u6e05\u9732\u6ef4\u91d1\u53e2\u3002\n\u528d\u5357\u756b\u624b\u4eca\u4f55\u5728\uff0c\u51b7\u843d\u8cd3\u6994\u67b8\u675e\u65b0\u3002\n\u9435\u7bf4\n[\u5370] \u6768\u7ef4\u6862\u5370; [\u5370] \u5ec9\u592b", "inscription_translation": "1 poem and 2 seals of Yang Weizhen (1296\u20131370): \n\nHow lovely is the light breeze that stirs the verdant foliage. \nLike pearls the fresh dew drips over the golden groves. \nWhere is the painter now, who hailed from Jian\u2019nan? \nLike the leftover betel nut, it is being replaced with fresh goji berry.\n\nTiedi.\n[Seals] Yang Weizhen yin; Lianfu", "inscription_remark": null, "sortorder": 2}, {"inscription": "1 inscription and 10 seals of the Qianlong emperor (r. 1736\u201395)", "inscription_translation": null, "inscription_remark": null, "sortorder": 3}, {"inscription": "4 seals of Zhang Heng \u5f35\u73e9 (1915\u20131963)", "inscription_translation": null, "inscription_remark": null, "sortorder": 4}], "exhibitions": {"current": [{"id": 377849, "title": "1000 Jahre Chinesische Malerei", "description": "<i>1000 Jahre Chinesische Malerei</i>. Haus der Kunst, Munich, M\u00f9nich, Germany (organizer) (October 16-December 13, 1959).", "opening_date": "1959-10-16T04:00:00"}, {"id": 301272, "title": "Chinese Art Under the Mongols: The Yuan Dynasty (1279\u20131368)", "description": "<i>Chinese Art Under the Mongols: The Yuan Dynasty (1279\u20131368)</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (October 2-November 24, 1968).", "opening_date": "1968-10-02T04:00:00"}, {"id": 539332, "title": "Six Dynasties of Chinese Painting (Chinese art rotation)", "description": "<i>Six Dynasties of Chinese Painting (Chinese art rotation)</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (November 10, 2023-May 5, 2024).", "opening_date": "2023-11-10T05:00:00"}], "legacy": [{"description": "<em>Chiao-y\u00fc-pu</em>. [Jiao yu bu di er ci quan guo mei shu zhan lan hui zhuan ji \u654e\u80b2\u90e8\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u5168\u570b\u7f8e\u8853\u5c55\u89bd\u6703\u5c08\u96c6 = A special collection of the second National Exhibition of Chinese Art under the auspices of the Ministry of Education]. Nanking Art Gallery, Nanjing, China (April 1-23, 1937).", "opening_date": "1937-04-01T05:00:00Z"}, {"description": "<em>An exhibition of authenticated Chinese paintings.</em>C. T Loo &amp; Co., New York, NY (April 1948).", "opening_date": "1948-04-01T05:00:00Z"}, {"description": "<em>Masterpieces of Chinese Bird and Flower Painting</em>. Fogg Art Museum, Cambridge, MA (October 30-December 14, 1951).", "opening_date": "1951-10-30T05:00:00Z"}, {"description": "<em>Loan exhibition of Chinese paintings</em>. Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (May-June 1956).", "opening_date": "1956-05-01T04:00:00Z"}, {"description": "<em>Eight Dynasties of Chinese Painting</em>. The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art (November 7, 1980-January 4, 1981); The Cleveland Museum of Art (February 10-March 29, 1981); Tokyo National Museum (October 4-November 17, 1982).", "opening_date": "1980-11-07T05:00:00Z"}, {"description": "<em>Main Asian Rotation (Gallery 242)</em>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (July 28, 2014-January 7, 2015).", "opening_date": "2014-07-28T04:00:00Z"}]}, "provenance": [{"description": "Qing imperial collection [seals of Emperor Qianlong, r. 1736\u201395]", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": null, "sortorder": 1}, {"description": "Zhang Heng \u5f35\u73e9 [1915\u20131963]", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": null, "sortorder": 2}, {"description": "(Frank Caro [1904\u20131980], New York, NY, sold to Mr. and Mrs. A. Dean Perry)", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "?-1960", "sortorder": 3}, {"description": "Mr. A. Dean and Mrs. Helen Wade Greene Perry [1911-1996], Cleveland, OH, bequest to the Cleveland Museum of Art", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "1960-1997", "sortorder": 4}, {"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "1997-", "sortorder": 5}], "find_spot": null, "related_works": [], "former_accession_numbers": ["121.81"], "did_you_know": "Wang Yuan was from Qiantang, today\u2019s Hangzhou in eastern China.", "early_education_description": null, "artlens_description": null, "description": "The flower-and-bird subjects here are depicted in a meticulous manner, echoing the academic tradition but translating the customarily colored images to plain monochrome. Fine ink lines combined with carefully graded washes define the contours and give subtle modeling to the natural forms. <br><br>Wang Yuan excelled in flower-and-bird subjects as well as landscape and figure paintings. A child prodigy, he was instructed by the great Yuan master Zhao Mengfu at an early age.", "external_resources": {"wikidata": ["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60477504"], "internet_archive": ["https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1997.91-quails-and-sparrows"]}, "citations": [{"citation": "<em>Jiao yu bu di er ci quan guo mei shu zhan lan hui zhuan ji</em> [\u654e\u80b2\u90e8\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u5168\u570b\u7f8e\u8853\u5c55\u89bd\u6703\u5c08\u96c6 = A special collection of the second National Exhibition of Chinese Art under the auspices of the Ministry of Education]. [Nanjing?]: Shang wu yin shu guan, 1937.", "page_number": "vol. 1, cat. no. 68", "url": null}, {"citation": "Wang, Chi-ch'ien \u738b\u5b63\u9077. <em>An Exhibition of Authenticated Chinese Paintings, April 1948</em>. New York: C.T. Loo, 1948.", "page_number": "cat. no. 8", "url": null}, {"citation": "Rowland, Benjamin. <em>Masterpieces of Chinese Bird and Flower Painting; A Loan Exhibition. October 30-December 14, 1951</em>. Cambridge, MA: Fogg Art Museum, 1951.", "page_number": "cat. no. 15", "url": null}, {"citation": "Caro, Frank and Hsien-Chi Tseng. <em>Loan Exhibition of Chinese Paintings</em>. Toronto: Royal Ontario Museum of Archaeology, 1956.", "page_number": "cat. no. 7", "url": null}, {"citation": "Goepper, Roger. <em>1000 Jahre chinesische Malerei</em>. Mu\u0308nchen: Haus der Kunst, 1959.", "page_number": "cat. no. 32", "url": null}, {"citation": "Lee, Sherman E., and Wai-kam Ho. <em>Chinese Art Under the Mongols: The Yu\u0308an Dynasty, 1279-1368</em>. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art; [distributed by the Press of Case Western Reserve University], 1968.", "page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: cat. no. 240", "url": null}, {"citation": "Ho, Wai-kam, Sherman E. Lee, Laurence Sickman, and Marc F. Wilson. <em>Eight Dynasties of Chinese Painting: The Collections of the Nelson Gallery-Atkins Museum, Kansas City, and the Cleveland Museum of Art</em>. Cleveland, OH: Cleveland Museum of Art, in cooperation with Indiana University Press, 1980.", "page_number": "Reproduced: pp. 107-108, cat. no. 87", "url": null}, {"citation": "Chou, Ju-hsi and Anita Chung. <em>Silent poetry: Chinese paintings from the collection of the Cleveland Museum of Art</em>. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 2015.", "page_number": "Reproduced: pp. 150-153", "url": null}, {"citation": "Giuffrida, Noelle. <em>Separating Sheep from Goats: Sherman E. Lee and Chinese Art Collecting in Postwar America</em>. Oakland, California: University of California Press, 2018.", "page_number": "Mentioned: p. 125. Reproduced: fig. 73, p. 124", "url": null}, {"citation": "Giuffrida, Noelle. <em>Separating Sheep from Goats: Sherman E. Lee and Chinese Art Collecting in Postwar America</em>. Oakland, California: University of California Press, 2018.", "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 124, fig. 73", "url": null}], "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1997.91", "images": {"annotation": null, "web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_web.jpg", "width": "492", "height": "900", "filesize": "154298", "filename": "1997.91_web.jpg"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_print.jpg", "width": "1860", "height": "3400", "filesize": "1751286", "filename": "1997.91_print.jpg"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_full.tif", "width": "10549", "height": "19283", "filesize": "610275088", "filename": "1997.91_full.tif"}}, "alternate_images": [{"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt0_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "713", "filesize": "172047"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt0_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "2693", "filesize": "3519095"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt0_full.tif", "width": "13449", "height": "10652", "filesize": "429804020"}, "date_created": "2022-12-19T14:02:43", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt1_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "761", "filesize": "188643"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt1_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "2874", "filesize": "3263373"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt1_full.tif", "width": "12600", "height": "10652", "filesize": "402674380"}, "date_created": "2022-12-19T14:08:19", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt2_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "764", "filesize": "222525"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt2_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "2888", "filesize": "3045648"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt2_full.tif", "width": "12542", "height": "10652", "filesize": "400822240"}, "date_created": "2022-12-19T14:10:34", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt3_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "762", "filesize": "200423"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt3_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "2878", "filesize": "2845230"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt3_full.tif", "width": "12582", "height": "10652", "filesize": "402099932"}, "date_created": "2022-12-19T14:12:56", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt4_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "764", "filesize": "158992"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt4_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "2887", "filesize": "3067696"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt4_full.tif", "width": "12544", "height": "10652", "filesize": "400884360"}, "date_created": "2022-12-19T14:16:58", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt5_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "763", "filesize": "183595"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt5_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "2884", "filesize": "4021839"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt5_full.tif", "width": "12559", "height": "10652", "filesize": "401363156"}, "date_created": "2022-12-19T14:20:35", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt6_web.jpg", "width": "900", "height": "752", "filesize": "217955"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt6_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "2841", "filesize": "4167386"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt6_full.tif", "width": "12749", "height": "10652", "filesize": "407435548"}, "date_created": "2022-12-19T14:23:07", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt7_web.jpg", "width": "495", "height": "893", "filesize": "329872"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt7_print.jpg", "width": "1886", "height": "3400", "filesize": "5046524"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt7_full.tif", "width": "3642", "height": "6564", "filesize": "71746376"}, "date_created": "2010-02-23T15:49:34", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt8_web.jpg", "width": "298", "height": "893", "filesize": "170410"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt8_print.jpg", "width": "1136", "height": "3400", "filesize": "2547243"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt8_full.tif", "width": "2151", "height": "6436", "filesize": "41557164"}, "date_created": "2010-02-23T15:23:57", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt9_web.jpg", "width": "1137", "height": "893", "filesize": "712734"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt9_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "2670", "filesize": "7164027"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt9_full.tif", "width": "6355", "height": "4992", "filesize": "95201080"}, "date_created": "2010-02-23T15:57:15", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt10_web.jpg", "width": "1112", "height": "893", "filesize": "742271"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt10_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "2730", "filesize": "7548901"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt10_full.tif", "width": "6216", "height": "4992", "filesize": "93120692"}, "date_created": "2010-02-23T16:00:55", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt11_web.jpg", "width": "1147", "height": "893", "filesize": "767561"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt11_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "2647", "filesize": "7411790"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt11_full.tif", "width": "6355", "height": "4949", "filesize": "94382224"}, "date_created": "2010-02-23T16:04:22", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt12_web.jpg", "width": "447", "height": "893", "filesize": "286085"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt12_print.jpg", "width": "1702", "height": "3400", "filesize": "3952209"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt12_full.tif", "width": "3803", "height": "7598", "filesize": "86706644"}, "date_created": "2009-11-12T20:02:55", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt13_web.jpg", "width": "252", "height": "893", "filesize": "155676"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt13_print.jpg", "width": "959", "height": "3400", "filesize": "2248268"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt13_full.tif", "width": "1323", "height": "4692", "filesize": "18643620"}, "date_created": "2009-11-12T20:03:06", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt14_web.jpg", "width": "964", "height": "893", "filesize": "584241"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt14_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "3148", "filesize": "6573607"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt14_full.tif", "width": "4424", "height": "4096", "filesize": "54383184"}, "date_created": "2009-11-12T20:03:09", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt15_web.jpg", "width": "999", "height": "893", "filesize": "630000"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt15_print.jpg", "width": "3400", "height": "3039", "filesize": "6454122"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt15_full.tif", "width": "4470", "height": "3995", "filesize": "53594024"}, "date_created": "2009-11-12T20:03:16", "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt16_web.jpg", "width": "477", "height": "893", "filesize": "55876"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt16_print.jpg", "width": "1093", "height": "2048", "filesize": "282506"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt16_full.tif", "width": "1093", "height": "2048", "filesize": "291008"}, "annotation": ""}, {"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt17_web.jpg", "width": "281", "height": "900", "filesize": "86542"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt17_print.jpg", "width": "1061", "height": "3400", "filesize": "923208"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1997.91/1997.91_alt17_full.tif", "width": "14175", "height": "45424", "filesize": "1931680164"}, "annotation": ""}], "creditline": "Bequest of Mrs. A. Dean Perry", "image_credit": null, "sketchfab_id": null, "sketchfab_url": null, "gallery_donor_text": null, "athena_id": 160133, "creators": [{"id": 11246, "description": "Wang Yuan (Chinese, c. 1299\u2013after 1366)", "extent": null, "qualifier": null, "role": "artist", "biography": null, "name_in_original_language": "\u738b\u6df5", "death_year": "1371", "use_in_caption": true, "include_extent": false, "weight": 1}], "legal_status": "accessioned", "accession_date": "1997-06-02T00:00:00", "sortable_date": 1347, "date_added_to_oa": null, "date_text": "1347", "collapse_artists": false, "on_loan": false, "recently_acquired": false, "record_type": "object", "conservation_statement": null, "has_conservation_images": false, "cover_accession_number": null, "is_nazi_era_provenance": false, "impression": null, "alternate_titles": ["Quails and Sparrows in an Autumn Scene \u79cb\u666f\u9d89\u96c0\u5716"], "is_highlight": false, "updated_at": "2026-09-11 11:04:00.033000"}, {"id": 314425, "accession_number": "2018.126", "share_license_status": "CC0", "tombstone": "Krishna and the Cowherds Dive into the River, from a Rasikapriya, c. 1640. Central India, Madhya Pradesh, Malwa. Gum tempera, ink, and gold on paper; page: 20.6 x 17.8 cm (8 1/8 x 7 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Purchase and partial gift from the Catherine and Ralph Benkaim Collection; Severance and Greta Millikin Purchase Fund, 2018.126", "current_location": null, "title": "Krishna and the Cowherds Dive into the River, from a Rasikapriya", "creation_date": "c. 1640", "creation_date_earliest": 1630, "creation_date_latest": 1650, "artists_tags": [], "culture": ["Central India, Madhya Pradesh, Malwa"], "technique": "gum tempera, ink, and gold on paper", "support_materials": [], "department": "Indian and Southeast Asian Art", "collection": "Indian Art", "type": "Painting", "measurements": "Page: 20.6 x 17.8 cm (8 1/8 x 7 in.)", "dimensions": {"page": {"height": 0.206, "height_inch": 8, "height_inch_fraction": 0.125, "width": 0.178, "width_inch": 7, "width_inch_fraction": 0.0}}, "state_of_the_work": null, "edition_of_the_work": null, "copyright": null, "inscriptions": [{"inscription": "atha nyaute kau milnu.2. nyauti kai bula\u012b hut\u012b bet\u012b v\u1e5b\u1e63abh\u0101naj\u016b k\u012b, je\u1e43vai kau jasod\u0101 r\u0101n\u012b \u0101n\u012b hai si\u1e43g\u0101rikai. bhojanu kai \u016bpara bhavana g\u0101i p\u0101na kh\u0101ti dekhive kau ke sauda sa \u0101nadu vic\u0101rikai. dekhata dekhata hari bhavate ko\u1e43 bh\u0101gi dekhi. dauri gah\u012b vyalu ais\u012b ve\u1e43n\u012b daru daru darikai. bhe\u1e43ti bhari anka mana bh\u0101yau kari cha\u1e43di muhu kesari sam m\u0101di la\u012b besari ut\u0101rike. 1000000000", "inscription_translation": "Description of the invitation. Today Yashoda invited Vrishabhanu\u2019s daughter to her home for a meal. After food, Radha was chewing betel and feeling happy. She climbed the steps to the inside of the house. Suddenly, she came upon Krishna, and, seeing him, she started running away. Krishna fearlessly held her braid and then embraced her fondly and left her only after he had removed her nose ring and applied saffron on her face. [Number] \u20181000000000\u2019", "inscription_remark": "Verso: Text. No relation of the verse with the divers\nWritten by Keshavdasa\nAth Nyote ko Milnu \nNyote ki Bulaye huti Beti Vrishbhanu ju\nki Jaivanke ko Yasoda Rani Aati Hai Shingari ke \nBhojanu ke Upar Bhawan Gayi Paan Khati Dekhi Ve Ko Kesavdas Aan Duvichare Ke\nDekhat Dekhat Hari Bhanvate kon Bhangi Dekhi  Dori Gahi \nVeni Thalu Aisi Veni Daru darunda Ri Ke\nBhenti Bhari Ank Man Bhavo Kari Chhandi Mukh Ke Sarsison Madil a vesari utarike 1000000000", "sortorder": null}], "exhibitions": {"current": [{"id": 379162, "title": "Life and Exploits of Krishna in Indian Paintings", "description": "<i>Life and Exploits of Krishna in Indian Paintings</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (September 1, 2021-February 6, 2022).", "opening_date": "2021-09-01T04:00:00"}], "legacy": []}, "provenance": [{"description": "Catherine Glynn Benkaim and Barbara Timmer, Beverly Hills, CA, partial sale and gift to the Cleveland Museum of Art", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "1978\u20132018", "sortorder": 2}, {"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "2018\u2013", "sortorder": 3}], "find_spot": null, "related_works": [], "former_accession_numbers": [], "did_you_know": "The boys are shown in subtly different sizes to convey their movement through space.", "early_education_description": null, "artlens_description": null, "description": "Krishna and seven cowherds (<em>gopa</em>s) playfully jump into a river, depicted as a wavy tricolor band that divides the composition diagonally in half. Krishna and four others are already airborne, while three get ready to jump. Radha and her friends witness this feat in amusement from a marble platform. The milkmaids are fully dressed, while Krishna and the cowherds are wearing <em>kaupina</em> loincloths.", "external_resources": {"wikidata": ["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60483116"], "internet_archive": ["https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-2018.126-krishna-and-the-cowh"]}, "citations": [], "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/2018.126", "images": {"annotation": null, "web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.126/2018.126_web.jpg", "width": "776", "height": "900", "filesize": "336861", "filename": "2018.126_web.jpg"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.126/2018.126_print.jpg", "width": "2931", "height": "3400", "filesize": "3809844", "filename": "2018.126_print.jpg"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.126/2018.126_full.tif", "width": "5792", "height": "6718", "filesize": "116774948", "filename": "2018.126_full.tif"}}, "alternate_images": [{"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.126/2018.126_alt0_web.jpg", "width": "766", "height": "900", "filesize": "267231"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.126/2018.126_alt0_print.jpg", "width": "2892", "height": "3400", "filesize": "3059903"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.126/2018.126_alt0_full.tif", "width": "5764", "height": "6777", "filesize": "117227800"}, "date_created": "2016-05-24T17:55:49", "annotation": ""}], "creditline": "Purchase and partial gift from the Catherine and Ralph Benkaim Collection; Severance and Greta Millikin Purchase Fund", "image_credit": null, "sketchfab_id": null, "sketchfab_url": null, "gallery_donor_text": null, "athena_id": 314425, "creators": [], "legal_status": "accessioned", "accession_date": "2018-09-04T00:00:00-04:00", "sortable_date": 1630, "date_added_to_oa": null, "date_text": "c. 1640", "collapse_artists": false, "on_loan": false, "recently_acquired": false, "record_type": "object", "conservation_statement": null, "has_conservation_images": false, "cover_accession_number": null, "is_nazi_era_provenance": false, "impression": null, "alternate_titles": ["A page from Rasikapriya of Kesava Das: Krishna and the Gopas Dive into a pond", "Krishna and the Cowherds Dive into a Pond, from a Rasikapriya"], "is_highlight": false, "updated_at": "2026-10-21 13:16:22.328000"}, {"id": 314421, "accession_number": "2018.125", "share_license_status": "CC0", "tombstone": "Krishna and Radha Avoid Embarrassment: Mottaita Bhava, from a Rasikapriya, c. 1640. Central India, Madhya Pradesh, Malwa. Gum tempera and gold on paper; 21.5 x 17.2 cm (8 7/16 x 6 3/4 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Purchase and partial gift from the Catherine and Ralph Benkaim Collection; Severance and Greta Millikin Purchase Fund, 2018.125", "current_location": null, "title": "Krishna and Radha Avoid Embarrassment: Mottaita Bhava, from a Rasikapriya", "creation_date": "c. 1640", "creation_date_earliest": 1630, "creation_date_latest": 1650, "artists_tags": [], "culture": ["Central India, Madhya Pradesh, Malwa"], "technique": "Gum tempera and gold on paper", "support_materials": [], "department": "Indian and Southeast Asian Art", "collection": "Indian Art", "type": "Painting", "measurements": "21.5 x 17.2 cm (8 7/16 x 6 3/4 in.)", "dimensions": {"No Extent Specified": {"height": 0.215, "height_inch": 8, "height_inch_fraction": 0.4375, "width": 0.172, "width_inch": 6, "width_inch_fraction": 0.75}}, "state_of_the_work": null, "edition_of_the_work": null, "copyright": null, "inscriptions": [{"inscription": "(front page) atha mo\u1e6d\u1e6dayita h\u0101va. hel\u0101 l\u012bl\u0101 kari jaha\u1e45 praka\u1e6data s\u0101tvika bh\u0101va budhivala rokata sobhijai kahi mo\u1e6d\u1e6dayita h\u0101va. 16. r\u0101dhik\u0101 kau\u1e45 mo\u1e6d\u1e6dayita hava. khelata he hari b\u0101ge bane jah\u0101\u1e45 bai\u1e6dh\u012b priy\u0101 rati te\u1e45 ati lon\u012b. kesava kaisahu\u1e45 p\u012b\u1e6dhi me\u1e45 di\u1e6dhi par\u012b kuca ku\u1e41kuma k\u012b ruci ron\u012b. m\u0101ta sam\u012bpa dur\u0101i bhale tini s\u0101tuka bh\u0101vani k\u012b gati hon\u012b. dh\u016bri kap\u016bra k\u012b p\u016bri bilocana s\u016b\u1e41ghi saror\u016bha o\u1e0dhi u\u1e0dhani.", "inscription_translation": "(front page) Where sport and coiffure combine to create a wholesome atmosphere, but it is prevented by some trick, it is mottait hav. 16. Radha\u2019s Mottaita. Krishna had gotten dressed and was frolicking, while Radha, prettier than Rati, was sitting nearby. At that time, she saw Krishna\u2019s back, and she saw the [red] kumkum-colored marks of her breasts on it. Seeing that, she experienced horripilation; her eyes teared up; her body began to tremble, and she blushed. Since her mother was sitting in front of her, she tried to hide these feelings. She put camphor in her eyes, smelled a lotus and covered her head with her garment (odhni).", "inscription_remark": null, "sortorder": null}, {"inscription": "(back page) k\u1e5b\u1e63na kau\u1e41 mo\u1e6d\u1e6dayita h\u0101va. bhojan kai v\u1e5b\u1e63bh\u0101nu sabh\u0101 maha\u1e41 bai\u1e6dhe he na\u1e41da sad\u0101 sukhak\u0101r\u012b. gopa ghane bala b\u012bra bir\u0101jata kh\u0101ta ban\u0101i bir\u012b giridh\u0101r\u012b. r\u0101dhik\u0101 jha\u1e41k\u012b jharokhe hvai jha\u1e41pa s\u012b lag\u012b gire murjh\u0101i bih\u0101r\u012b. sora bhayo samujhe sakuche haruv\u0101i kahyo hari l\u0101g\u012b sup\u0101r\u012b. 120.", "inscription_translation": "(back page) Krishna\u2019s Mottaita. After dinner Vrishbhanu [Krishna] was sitting with his friends and the cowherds (gopas). Balarama was also there, and Krishna was making betel for himself. At that time Radha suddenly appeared in the window. On seeing Radha, Krishna felt dizzy, became pale, and fainted. There was commotion all around wondering what had happened. Krishna got up and said that he choked on betel nut.", "inscription_remark": null, "sortorder": null}], "exhibitions": {"current": [], "legacy": []}, "provenance": [{"description": "Catherine Glynn Benkaim and Barbara Timmer, Beverly Hills, CA, partial sale and gift to the Cleveland Museum of Art", "citations": [], "footnotes": [], "date": "?\u20132018", "sortorder": 1}, {"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH", "citations": [], "footnotes": null, "date": "2018\u2013", "sortorder": 2}], "find_spot": null, "related_works": [], "former_accession_numbers": [], "did_you_know": "Double-sided leaves are rare among painted Rasikapriya sets.", "early_education_description": null, "artlens_description": null, "description": "The double-sided leaf is based on the theme of embarrassing situations avoided by trickery. Both sides are presented with the same composition and color palette, indicating the unity of emotion felt by the hero and the heroine. The paintings in concert with the verses explore a complex emotion experienced by lovers, its causes, and how it causes the lovers to react.", "external_resources": {"wikidata": ["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60483105"], "internet_archive": ["https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-2018.125-krishna-and-radha-av"]}, "citations": [], "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/2018.125", "images": {"annotation": null, "web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.125/2018.125_web.jpg", "width": "714", "height": "900", "filesize": "319352", "filename": "2018.125_web.jpg"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.125/2018.125_print.jpg", "width": "2696", "height": "3400", "filesize": "3532138", "filename": "2018.125_print.jpg"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.125/2018.125_full.tif", "width": "5736", "height": "7234", "filesize": "124524676", "filename": "2018.125_full.tif"}}, "alternate_images": [{"web": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.125/2018.125_alt0_web.jpg", "width": "716", "height": "900", "filesize": "288749"}, "print": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.125/2018.125_alt0_print.jpg", "width": "2705", "height": "3400", "filesize": "3334872"}, "full": {"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/2018.125/2018.125_alt0_full.tif", "width": "5792", "height": "7281", "filesize": "126555484"}, "date_created": "2016-05-24T17:41:12", "annotation": ""}], "creditline": "Purchase and partial gift from the Catherine and Ralph Benkaim Collection; Severance and Greta Millikin Purchase Fund", "image_credit": null, "sketchfab_id": null, "sketchfab_url": null, "gallery_donor_text": null, "athena_id": 314421, "creators": [], "legal_status": "accessioned", "accession_date": "2018-09-04T00:00:00-04:00", "sortable_date": 1630, "date_added_to_oa": null, "date_text": "c. 1640", "collapse_artists": false, "on_loan": false, "recently_acquired": false, "record_type": "object", "conservation_statement": null, "has_conservation_images": false, "cover_accession_number": null, "is_nazi_era_provenance": false, "impression": null, "alternate_titles": [], "is_highlight": false, "updated_at": "2026-05-29 08:55:17.658000"}]}