id: 94979
accession number: 1915.534
share license status: CC0
url: https://clevelandart.org/art/1915.534
updated: 2019-06-27 08:00:10.599000
Nathaniel Hurd, c. 1765. John Singleton Copley (American, 1738-1815). Oil on canvas; framed: 90.5 x 78 x 6.5 cm (35 5/8 x 30 11/16 x 2 9/16 in.); unframed: 76.2 x 64.8 cm (30 x 25 1/2 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift of the John Huntington Art and Polytechnic Trust 1915.534
title: Nathaniel Hurd
title in original language:
series:
series in original language:
creation date: c. 1765
creation date earliest: 1760
creation date latest: 1770
current location: 204 Colonial American
creditline: Gift of the John Huntington Art and Polytechnic Trust
copyright:
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culture: America, 18th century
technique: oil on canvas
department: American Painting and Sculpture
collection: American - Painting
type: Painting
find spot:
catalogue raisonne:
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CREATORS
* John Singleton Copley (American, 1738-1815) - artist
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measurements: Framed: 90.5 x 78 x 6.5 cm (35 5/8 x 30 11/16 x 2 9/16 in.); Unframed: 76.2 x 64.8 cm (30 x 25 1/2 in.)
state of the work:
edition of the work:
support materials:
inscriptions:
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CURRENT EXHIBITIONS
title: Inaugural Exhibition
opening date: 1916-06-06T05:00:00
Inaugural Exhibition. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (co-organizer) (June 6-September 20, 1916).
title: The Twentieth Anniversary Exhibition: The Official Art Exhibit of the Great Lakes Exposition
opening date: 1936-06-26T04:00:00
The Twentieth Anniversary Exhibition: The Official Art Exhibit of the Great Lakes Exposition. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (June 26-October 12, 1936).
title: The Silver Jubilee Exhibition
opening date: 1941-06-23T04:00:00
The Silver Jubilee Exhibition. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (June 23-September 28, 1941).
title: Style, Truth and the Portrait
opening date: 1963-10-02T04:00:00
Style, Truth and the Portrait. The Cleveland Museum of Art (October 2-November 19, 1963).
title: Nathaniel Hurd
opening date: 1999-11-22T00:00:00
Nathaniel Hurd. Memorial Art Gallery of the University of Rochester, NY (November 22, 1999-April 10, 2000).
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LEGACY EXHIBITIONS
* Cleveland, Cleveland Museum of Art, The Inaugural Exhibition (6 June-20 September, 1916); cat. p. 255.
Boston, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, One Hundred Colonial Portraits (19 June-21 September 1930), cat. no. 50.
Cleveland, Cleveland Museum of Art, Catalogue of the Twentieth Anniversary Exhibition of the Cleveland Museum of Art: The Official Art Exhibit of the Great Lakes Exposition (26 June-4 October, 1936), illus. plate II, cat. no. 23, pp. 21-22.
New York, Metropolitan Museum of Art, An Exhibition of Paintings by John Singleton Copley: In Commemoration of the Two-Hundredth Anniversary of His Birth (22 December, 1936-14 February, 1937), illus. 16.
Baltimore, Baltimore Museum of Art, Two Hundred Years of American Painting, (15 January-28 February, 1938), no. 2.
New Haven, Yale University Gallery of Fine Arts, Masterpieces of New England Silver 1650-1800, (18 June-10 September, 1939), ill. no. 224, p. 94.
Flint, Mich., Flint Institute of Arts, Art Marches On: The Opening and Dedicating Exhibition of the New Flint Institute of Arts (14 November-31 December, 1941), illus no. 53, p. 30.
Oberlin, Ohio, The Dudley P. Allen Memorial Art Museum, The Arts in the Americas in the Eighteenth Century (1946), cat. no. 1 (see Bulletin of the Allen Memorial Art Museum, Oberlin College, vol. III, no. 3 (May, 1946).
Dallas, The Dallas Museum of Fine Arts, Survey of American Painting from 1700 to the Present (5 October - 3 November 1946); cat. 200 Years of American Painting.
Denver, The Denver Art Museum, American Heritage: An Exhibitions of Paintings and Crafts 1770-1790 (7 March-11 April 1948), ill. p. 9.
Denver, The Denver Art Museum, Portraiture Through the Ages (9 January - 15 February 1950).
Milwaukee, Milwaukee Art Institute, Silver and American Tradition (13 February - 19 March 1953).
Houston, Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, George Washington's World (15 January - 14 February 1954), cat. no. 5.
Boston, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Colonial Silversmiths, Masters and Apprentices (13 November - 30 December 1956).
Jewett Art Center, Wellesley College, Massachusetts, Four Boston Masters (10 April-11 May, 1959), cat. no. 8, repr. p. 25; traveled to Boston, Museum of Fine Arts (19 May - 26 June 1959).
Cleveland, The Cleveland Museum of Art, Style, Truth and the Portrait (1 October -10 November, 1963), ill. cat. no. 29.
New York, The Gallery at The Better Living Center, New York World's Fair, Four Centuries of American Masterpieces (22 May-18 October 1964), p. 18, illus. p. 18; (arranged by the Skowhegan School of Painting and Sculpture).
Washington, DC, National Gallery of Art, John Singleton Copley, 1738-1815 (18 September - 31 October 1965), pp. 45-9, illus. p. 47; traveled to New York, Metropolitan Museum of Art (20 November 1965 - 2 January 1966); traveled to Boston, Museum of Fine Arts (22 January - 6 February 1966).
Fort Worth, Amon Carter Museum of Western Art, The Face of Liberty: Founders of the United States (23 December 1975 - 8 February 1976), illus. colorplate 16.
Cleveland, The Cleveland Museum of Art, Silver in American Life (24 June - 16 August 1981); exhibited in gallery but not in catalogue.
Boston, Museum of Fine Arts, John Singleton Copley in America (7 June - 27 August 1995), traveled to New York, Metropolitan Museum of Art (26 September 1995 - 7 January 1996), traveled to Houston, Museum of Fine Arts (4 February - 28 April 1996), did not travel to Milwaukee, Milwaukee Art Museum; cat. no. 21, p. 57, 93, 119, 208-11, 248, 300, 312.
Rochester, New York, Memorial Art Gallery of the University of Rochester, ABOUT FACE: Copley's Portrait of Nathaniel Hurd, Colonial Silversmith and Engraver, (1 November 1999-1 March 2000), see Porticus journal.
Allen Memorial Art Museum, Oberlin, OH (August 29 - December 17, 2006): "CMA @ Oberlin - American Portraits"
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PROVENANCE
Benjamin Hurd [1739-1781], Halifax, Nova Scotia, by descent to his son, John Hurd
date: -1781
footnotes:
citations:
* Walter Wesselhoeft, letter “To Whom It May Concern,” Septenber 1915, in CMA curatorial file.
page number:
url:
* W.H.D., “The Fine Arts: Fine Portrait by Copley,” The Boston Transcript (Oct. 1915).
page number:
url:
John Hurd, Halifax, Nova Scotia, by descent to his two daughters
date: 1781-
footnotes:
citations:
* Walter Wesselhoeft, letter “To Whom It May Concern,” Septenber 1915, in CMA curatorial file.
page number:
url:
* W.H.D., “The Fine Arts: Fine Portrait by Copley,” The Boston Transcript (Oct. 1915).
page number:
url:
Daughters of John Hurd [d. by 1860], Halifax, Nova Scotia, to Mrs. Thomas Barry
date: -by 1860
footnotes:
citations:
Mrs. Thomas Barry [d. 1869], Halifax, Nova Scotia, by gift to Walter Wesselhoeft
date: By 1860-1869
footnotes:
citations:
Walter Wesselhoeft [1838-1920], Cambridge, MA, consigned to the Copley Gallery
date: 1869-1915
footnotes:
citations:
(Copley Gallery, Boston, MA, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art)
date: 1915
footnotes:
citations:
The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, Ohio
date: 1915-
footnotes:
citations:
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fun fact:
Had he been painted standing, you would be able to see Nathaniel Hurd's long silk robe, or banyan. He would not leave the house in this, or perform the work that gave him success as a silversmith.
digital description:
wall description:
Hurd was a prominent silversmith and engraver in Boston, and the warm gaze and unforced smile in his portrait by Copley suggest the friendship between the two artists. Hurd's open-collared shirt, as well as the rakishly tilted turban that covers his shaved head in place of a ceremonial powdered wig, create an air of informality that is unusual for a portrait of this time.
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RELATED WORKS
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CITATIONS
Perkins, Augustus Thorndike. A Sketch of the Life and a List of Some of the Works of John Singleton Copley. Boston: Priv. Print, 1873.
page number: Mentioned: p. 17, 75-6
url:
Bayley, Frank W. The Life and Works of John Singleton Copley: Founded on the Work of Augustus Thorndike Perkins. Boston, MA: Taylor Press, 1915.
page number: Mentioned: p. 151-152
url:
W. H. D. "The Fine Arts: Fine Portrait by Copley." The Boston Transcript, October, 1915.
page number:
url:
The American Art News. 14:23 (March 11, 1916): 1-10.
page number: Reproduced: p. 5
url:
"Clevel'd Gets Early Am'ns." The American Art News. 14:24 (March 18, 1916): 1-8.
page number: Mentioned: p. 1
url:
"The Inauguration." The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art. 3:2 (July, 1916): 1-24.
page number: Reproduced: opposite p. 1
url:
Bell, Hamilton. "Early American Portraits at the Cleveland Museum of Art." The American Magazine of Art. 7:12 (October, 1916).
page number: Mentioned: p. 484-5; Reproduced: p. 485
url:
Cleveland Museum of Art. An Appreciation of Copley's "Nathaniel Hurd": John Huntington Collection. Cleveland, OH: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1918.
page number:
url:
"Special Exhibition Cabinet." The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art. 5:1. (January 1918).
page number: Mentioned: p. 3
url:
Dunlap, William. A History of the Rise and Progress of the Arts of Design in the United States. 1. Boston: C.E. Goodspeed & Co, 1918.
page number: Mentioned: p. 172-4; Reproduced: opposite p. 173
url:
Clearwater, Alphonso Trumpbour, and C. Louise Avery. American Silver of the 17th and 18th Centuries: A Study Based on the Clearwater Collection. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1920.
page number: Reproduced: fig. 101
url:
"Early Portrait Study by Copley." Art News. 22:19 (February 16, 1923).
page number: Reproduced: p. 9
url:
L. P. "Portrait of Nathaniel Hurd by Copley." The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art. 10:3 (March 1923).
page number: Mentioned: p. 39-40
url:
"When Copley Portrayed an Early Craftsman." Art News. (June 9, 1923).
page number: Reproduced: p. 4
url:
National Collection of Fine Arts (U.S.), Washington Loan Exhibition Committee. Exhibition of Early American Paintings, Miniatures and Silver. Washington, D.C.: National Gallery of Art, 1925.
page number: Reproduced: p. 80
url:
The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1925.
page number: Mentioned: p. 7-8; Reproduced: p. 8
url: https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook_80839/page/n10
Dow, George Francis. The Arts & Crafts in New England, 1704-1775; Gleanings from Boston Newspapers Relating to Painting, Engraving, Silversmiths, Pewterers, Clockmakers, Furniture, Pottery, Old Houses, Costume, Trades and Occupations, & C... Topsfield, MA: Wayside Press, 1927.
page number: Mentioned: p. 8; Reproduced: frontispiece
url:
The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1928.
page number: Reproduced: p. 8
url: https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1928/page/n12
Bayley, Frank W. Five Colonial Artists of New England: Joseph Badger, Joseph Blackburn, John Singleton Copley; Robert Feke, John Smibert. Boston, MA: Privately Printed, 1929.
page number: Reproduced: fig. 229
url:
Bolton, Theodore and Harry Lorin Binsse. "John Singleton Copley." The Antiquarian. 15:6 (December, 1930).
page number: Reproduced: p. 80-81
url:
Stark, Harold. Art in America from 1600 to 1865; An Illustrated Guide for a National Radio Broadcast from February 3 to May 19, 1934. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1934.
page number: Reproduced: p. 19
url:
Cahill, Holger, and Alfred H. Barr, Jr., eds. Art in America: A Complete Survey. New York, NY: Reynal & Hitchcock, 1935.
page number: Mentioned: p. 17; Reproduced: p. 18
url:
Milliken, William. "Special Number for the 20th Anniversary Exhibition of the Cleveland Museum of Art: Official Art Exhibit of the Great Lakes Exposition." The Art News. (June 13, 1936).
page number: Reproduced: p. 14
url:
Burroughs, Louise. "John Singleton Copley." Bulletin of the Metropolitan Museum of Art. 31:12 (December 1936).
page number: Mentioned: p. 254
url:
Frankfurter, Alfred M. "J. S. Copley, American Master." Art News. 35:13 (December 26, 1936).
page number: Reproduced: p. 12
url:
Jewell, Edward Alden. "Copley: Metropolitan Opens Bicentennial Show." The New York Times, December 27, 1936.
page number: Mentioned: p. 9
url:
Parker, Barbara Neville, and Anne Bolling Wheeler. John Singleton Copley; American Portraits in Oil, Pastel, and Miniature. Boston, MA: Museum of Fine Arts, 1938.
page number: Reproduced: p. 118-9, pl. 61A
url:
French, Hollis. Jacob Hurd and His Sons Nathaniel & Benjamin: Silversmiths 1702-1781. Cambridge, MA: Riverside Press for the Walpole Society, 1939.
page number: Reproduced: frontispiece; Mentioned: pp. 138-40
url:
Hagen, Oskar. The Birth of the American Tradition in Art. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1940.
page number: Reproduced: p. 89; Mentioned: pp. 102-105
url:
Foote, Helen S. "A Collection of Early American Silver Gift of Hollis French." The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art. 27:9 (November, 1940).
page number: Mentioned: p. 135
url:
Flint Institute of Arts. Art Marches on!: The Opening and Dedicating Exhibition of the New Flint Institute of Arts. Flint, MI: The Institute, 1941.
page number: Reproduced and Mentioned: p. 30, fig. 50
url:
"Cleveland's First 25 Years." ARTnews. 40:11 (September, 1941).
page number: Mentioned: p. 13, 25; Reproduced: p. 13
url:
Walker, John, and Macgill James. Great American Paintings from Smibert to Bellows, 1729-1924. London: Oxford University Press, 1943.
page number: Reproduced: no. 10
url:
"Cleveland Museum." Life (September 20, 1943).
page number: Reproduced: p. 68
url:
King, Winnifred. "Their Hands." The Christian Science Monitor. November 20, 1943.
page number:
url:
Adams, James Truslow. Album of American History. volume 1. New York, NY: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1944.
page number: Reproduced: p. 345
url:
Paintings in the Cleveland Museum of Art. [Cleveland]: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1945.
page number: Reproduced: p. 12
url: https://archive.org/details/CMAPaintings1945/page/n20
"The Arts in America in the Eighteenth Century." Bulletin of the Allen Memorial Art Museum, Oberlin College. 3:3 (May, 1946).
page number: Mentioned: p. 67, 90, 99; Reproduced: p. 66
url:
Phillips, John Marshall. American Silver. New York, NY: Chanticleer Press, 1949.
page number: Mentioned: p. 82-6; Reproduced: p. 83
url:
Barker, Virgil. American Painting: History and Interpretation. New York, NY: The Macmillan Company, 1950.
page number: Mentioned: p. 144, 147-8; Reproduced: p. 145
url:
"A bird's-eye view of early American painting." Antiques. 62 (November 1952).
page number: Reproduced: p. 402
url:
Milliken, William Mathewson. The Cleveland Museum of Art. New York: H.N. Abrams, 1958.
page number: Mentioned: p. 60
url:
The Cleveland Museum of Art. The Cleveland Museum of Art Handbook. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1958.
page number: Mentioned and Reproduced: cat. no. 529
url: https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1958/page/n97
"Portraits of American Craftsmen." Antiques. 76. (October 1959).
page number: Reproduced: p. 321
url:
Larkin, Oliver W. Art and Life in America. New York, NY: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1960.
page number: Reproduced: pl. 1
url:
Kindlers Malerei Lexicon. volume 1. Zurich, Switzerland: 1964.
page number: Reproduced: p. 776
url:
Museum of Fine Arts, Saint Petersburg. Inaugural Exhibition, February 7 Through March 7, 1965. Saint Petersburg, FL: 1965.
page number:
url:
The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1966. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1966.
page number: Reproduced: p. 161
url: https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1966/page/n185
Prown, Jules David. John Singleton Copley: In America 1738-1774. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1966.
page number: Mentioned: p. 52-55; Reproduced: no. 177
url:
Wright, Louis B., George B. Tatum, John W. McCoubrey, and Robert C. Smith. The Arts In America: The Colonial Period. New York, NY: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1966.
page number: Reproduced: p. 204
url:
Wilson, Patricia Boyd. The Christian Science Monitor. January 19, 1966.
page number:
url:
Myers, Bernard S. Art and Civilization. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1967.
page number: Mentioned: p. 319-320; Reproduced: p. 319
url:
Cirker, Hayward, and Blanche Cirker. Dictionary of American Portraits: 4045 Pictures of Important Americans from Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century. New York, NY: Dover Publications, Inc., 1967
page number: Reproduced: p. 322
url:
McLanathan, Richard B. K. The American Tradition in the Arts. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1968.
page number: Mentioned: p. 91-2
url:
The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1969. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1969.
page number: Reproduced: p. 161
url: https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1969/page/n185
Plate, Robert. John Singleton Copley: America's First Great Artist. New York, NY: David McKay Co, 1969.
page number: Mentioned: p. 27, 48
url:
Novak, Barbara. American Painting of the Nineteenth Century: Realism, Idealism, and the American Experience. New York, NY: Praeger Publishers, 1969.
page number: Mentioned: p. 24-5; Reproduced: p. 24
url:
Glubok, Shirley, and Gerard Nook. The Art of Colonial America. New York, NY: The Macmillan Company, 1970.
page number: Reproduced: p. 25
url:
Mooz, Ralph Peter. "The Art of Robert Feke." Ph.D. dissertation, University of Pennsylvania, 1970.
page number: Mentioned: p. 177
url:
Lee, Sherman E. Introduction to The Cleveland Museum of Art. Hannover: Knorr & Hirth, 1970.
page number: Mentioned: p. 64; Reproduced: no. 29
url:
Neumeyer, Alfred. "Nordamerikanische Kunst." Die Kunst des 18. Jahrhunderts. ed. Harald Keller. Berlin: Propylaen Verlag, 1971.
page number: Reproduced: p. 431, pl. 68
url:
Fales, Martha Gandy. Early American Silver. New York: E.P. Dutton & Co, 1973.
page number: Mentioned: p. 94, 239, 319
url:
Adler, Mortimer Jerome, ed. The Revolutionary Years: Britannica's Book of the American Revolution. Chicago, IL: Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc., 1976.
page number: Reproduced: p. 245
url:
Wilmerding, John. American Art. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Books, 1976.
page number: Mentioned: p. 38
url:
Montgomery, Charles F., and Patricia E. Kane. American Art, 1750-1800: Towards Independence. Boston, MA: Published for Yale University Art Gallery, New Haven, and the Victoria and Albert Museum, London, by the New York Graphic Society, 1976.
page number: Reproduced: p. 132
url:
"American Image." Plain Dealer. Section 5 - 8. (January 18, 1976).
page number: Mentioned and Reproduced: Section 5 - 8
url:
Brown, Milton W. American Art to 1900: Painting, Sculpture, Architecture. New York: H.N. Abrams, 1977.
page number: Mentioned: p. 101-2; Reproduced: no. 164, p. 102
url:
Johnson, Mark M. "Portrait Painting - An Image of Man." Arts and Activities. 82 (September 1977).
page number: Mentioned: p. 34; Reproduced: p. 36
url:
The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1978. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1978.
page number: Reproduced: p. 198
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Ward, Barbara McLean, and Gerald W. R. Ward, eds. Silver in American Life: Selections from the Mabel Brady Garvan and Other Collections at Yale University. New York: American Federation of Arts, 1979.
page number: Mentioned and Reproduced: p. 76
url:
Boros, Ethel. "Early American Silver." Plain Dealer. (September 22, 1979).
page number: Mentioned: p. 34-5; Reproduced: p. 34
url:
Emlen, Robert P. "Wedding Silver for the Browns: A Rhode Island Family Patronizes a Boston Goldsmith." The American Art Journal. 56:2 (Spring 1984).
page number: Reproduced: p. 8
url:
Janson, H. W. History of Art. Third edition. New York, NY: Prentice Hall & Harry Abrams, 1986.
page number: Mentioned: p. 20; Reproduced: p. 21
url:
Buchanan, Penelope D. "John Singleton Copley: Portrait of Nathaniel Hurd." Art Education. 40:1 (January 1987).
page number: Mentioned: p. 27-8; Reproduced: p. 28
url:
Handbook of The Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1991.
page number: Reproduced: p. 114
url:
Turner, Evan H., ed. Object Lessons: Cleveland Creates an Art Museum. Cleveland, OH: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1991.
page number: Mentioned: p. 45; Reproduced: p. 46
url:
Chong, Alan. European & American Painting in the Cleveland Museum of Art: A Summary Catalogue. Cleveland, OH: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1993.
page number: Reproduced: p. 43
url:
Kissick, John. Art, Context and Criticism. Madison, WI: Brown & Benchmark, 1993.
page number: Reproduced: p. 352
url:
Cunningham, Lawrence S., and John J. Reich. Culture and Values: a Survey of the Western Humanities. Second edition. Fort Worth, IN: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1994.
page number: Reproduced: p. 282
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Janson, H. W. History of Art. Fifth edition. New York, NY: Prentice Hall & Harry Abrams, 1995.
page number: Reproduced: p. 42, pl. 26
url:
Barratt, Carrie Rebora. John Singleton Copley in America. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, distributed by H.N. Abrams, 1995.
page number: Reproduced: p. 209
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Kissick, John. Art, Context and Criticism. Second edition. Madison, WI: Brown & Benchmark, 1996.
page number: Reproduced: p. 382
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Kane, Patricia E., Francis Hill Bigelow, John Marshall Phillips, and Jeannine J. Falino. Colonial Massachusetts Silversmiths and Jewelers: A Biographical Dictionary Based on the Notes of Francis Hill Bigelow & John Marshall Phillips. New Haven, CT: Yale University Art Gallery, 1997.
page number: Reproduced: p. 615
url:
Rather, Susan. "Carpenter, Tailor, Shoemaker, Artist: Copley and Portrait Painting around 1770." The Art Bulletin. 79:2 (June 1997).
page number: Mentioned: p. 284-5; Reproduced: p. 285
url:
Ohlig, Rudolf, and Hildegard Hogen. Der Glanz der Residenzen: Renaissance und Barock in Europa, Schwarzafrika und Altamerika. Leipzig: F.A. Brockhaus, 1998.
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Ward, Gerald W. R. "Nathaniel Hurd." American National Biography, v. 2. ed. Garraty, John A., and Mark C. Carnes. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 1999.
page number: Mentioned; p. 556-7
url:
Fortune, Brandon Brame, and Deborah Jean Warner. Franklin and His Friends: Portraying the Man of Science in Eighteenth-Century America. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian National Portrait Gallery, 1999.
page number: Reproduced: p. 62, fig. 4-14
url:
May, Sally Ruth, Jane Takac, and Barbara J. Bradley. Knockouts: A Pocket Guide. Cleveland, OH: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2001.
page number: Reproduced: p. 44
url:
Kammen, Michael et al. Seeing America: Painting and Sculpture from the Collection of the Memorial Art Gallery of the University of Rochester. Rochester, N.Y.: University of Rochester Press, 2006.
page number: Reproduced: p. 22
url:
Ward, Gerald W. R. Paul Revere: Sons of Liberty Bowl. Boston: MFA Publications, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, 2016.
page number: Reproduced: p. 11
url:
Rather, Susan. The American School: Artists and Status in the Late-Colonial and Early National Era. New Haven, CT : Yale University Press, 2016.
page number: Mentioned & reproduced: P. 41-42, fig. 30
url:
Ripley, Elizabeth. Copley; A Biography. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Company, 1967.
page number: Mentioned: p. 24; Reproduced: p. 25
url:
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IMAGES
web: https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1915.534/1915.534_web.jpg
print: https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1915.534/1915.534_print.jpg
full: https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1915.534/1915.534_full.tif