id: 95287
accession number: 1916.1056
share license status: CC0
url: https://clevelandart.org/art/1916.1056
updated: 2024-03-26 01:56:11.485000
Summer, 1891. Pierre Puvis de Chavannes (French, 1824–1898). Oil on fabric; framed: 189.5 x 270.5 x 14.6 cm (74 5/8 x 106 1/2 x 5 3/4 in.); unframed: 149.6 x 232.4 cm (58 7/8 x 91 1/2 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift of Mr. and Mrs. J. H. Wade 1916.1056
title: Summer
title in original language:
series:
series in original language:
creation date: 1891
creation date earliest: 1891
creation date latest: 1891
current location: 222 Impressionism & Post-Impressionism
creditline: Gift of Mr. and Mrs. J. H. Wade
copyright:
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culture: France, 19th century
technique: oil on fabric
department: Modern European Painting and Sculpture
collection: Mod Euro - Painting 1800-1960
type: Painting
find spot:
catalogue raisonne:
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CREATORS
* Pierre Puvis de Chavannes (French, 1824–1898) - artist
Pierre Puvis de Chavannes was born into a bourgeois family. His father intended his son to enroll at the École Polytechnique in Paris. After a prolonged illness, however, Puvis instead entered the Faculté de Droit. He became interested in art during a trip to Italy in 1846, and the following year he began studying with Henri Scheffer (1798-1862). Puvis returned to Italy in 1848 with Louis Bauderon de Vermeron (1809-1870), where he became interested in the art of mural painting. He entered the atelier of Delacroix (q.v.) for only two weeks, and later that of Couture (q.v.) for three months. Yet, Puvis's chief method of study was to work independently after live models. He was accepted in the Salon of 1850, but his submissions from 1852 through 1859 were rejected. In 1854-55 he decorated the dining room at his brother's country house, Le Brouchy, near Cuiseaux. He won a second-class medal at the Salon of 1861 for Concordia (Musée de Picardie, Amiens), which was purchased by the state. Inspired by the frescoes of Pompeii and by Piero della Francesca's Legend of the True Cross in Arezzo, Puvis pursued his interest in mural painting with great success. He received commissions to create works for the Palais des Arts in Lyons, the Pantheon and the Hôtel de Ville in Paris, the Boston Public Library, and many others. The artist strove to integrate his mural paintings with the surrounding architecture and to maintain the integrity of the flat wall surface by using broad areas of subdued color. In 1890, together with Meissonier (q.v.) and Rodin (1840-1917), Puvis founded the Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts, as a more progressive alternative for the regular Salon. Puvis's art had a significant impact on later artists, particularly the symbolists.
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measurements: Framed: 189.5 x 270.5 x 14.6 cm (74 5/8 x 106 1/2 x 5 3/4 in.); Unframed: 149.6 x 232.4 cm (58 7/8 x 91 1/2 in.)
state of the work:
edition of the work:
support materials:
inscriptions:
inscription: Signed lower left: P. Puvis de Chavannes / 91
translation:
remark:
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CURRENT EXHIBITIONS
title: The Twentieth Anniversary Exhibition: The Official Art Exhibit of the Great Lakes Exposition
opening date: 1936-06-26T04:00:00
The Twentieth Anniversary Exhibition: The Official Art Exhibit of the Great Lakes Exposition. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (June 26-October 4, 1936).
title: French Drawings and Watercolors from French Public and Private Collections
opening date: 1942-01-06T05:00:00
French Drawings and Watercolors from French Public and Private Collections. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (January 6-February 15, 1942).
title: 19th and 20th Century French Art and Leonard C. Hanna, Jr. Loans
opening date: 1943-06-22T04:00:00
19th and 20th Century French Art and Leonard C. Hanna, Jr. Loans. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (June 22-September 1, 1943).
title: 35th Anniversary Exhibition
opening date: 1951-06-20T04:00:00
35th Anniversary Exhibition. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (June 20-September 30, 1951).
title: Puvis de Chavannes: Public and Private Works
opening date: 1994-02-25T05:00:00
Puvis de Chavannes: Public and Private Works. Van Gogh Museum (organizer) (February 25-May 29, 1994).
title: Verso l'Arte Moderna, da Puvis de Chavannes a Matisse e Picasso
opening date: 2002-02-10T00:00:00
Verso l'Arte Moderna, da Puvis de Chavannes a Matisse e Picasso. Palazzo Grassi spa, 30124 Venice, Italy (organizer) (February 10-June 16, 2002).
title: Monet to Dalí: Modern Masters from the Cleveland Museum of Art
opening date: 2006-05-27T00:00:00
Monet to Dalí: Modern Masters from the Cleveland Museum of Art. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (October 21, 2007-January 13, 2008).
title: Gauguin, Cézanne, Matisse: Visions of Arcadia
opening date: 2012-06-20T00:00:00
Gauguin, Cézanne, Matisse: Visions of Arcadia. Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia, PA (organizer) (June 20-September 3, 2012).
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LEGACY EXHIBITIONS
* {'description': "World's Columbian Exposition. Art Palace, Chicago, IL (1893).", 'opening_date': None}
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PROVENANCE
Bought from the artist by Durand-Ruel, Paris (stock number 1882), 29 October 1891.
date: 1891-1892
footnotes:
citations:
Sold to Durand-Ruel, New York (stock number 864), 5 January 1892.
date: 1892
footnotes:
citations:
(Durand-Ruel, New York, NY, January 5, 1892, no. 864.)
date: 1892
footnotes:
citations:
(Durand-Ruel, New York, NY, November 16, 1892 sold to Jeptha H. Wade)
date: 1892
footnotes:
citations:
Jeptha H. Wade [1811-1980] Cleveland, OH, gifted to the Cleveland Museum of Art,1916
date: 1892-1916
footnotes:
citations:
The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH
date: 1916-
footnotes:
citations:
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fun fact:
digital description:
wall description:
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RELATED WORKS
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CITATIONS
Godet, Pierre. "Puvis de Chavannes et la Peinture d'Aujourd'hui." Art Decoratif (January, 1912): 43.
page number: Reproduced: p. 43
url:
Warner, Langdon. "The Wade Collection." The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art IV, no. 1 (January, 1917): 3-4.
page number: Mentioned: p.3; Reproduced: p. 16
url:
"The Wade Collection." The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 4, no. 1 (1917): 3-12.
page number: Mentioned: p. 3; reproduced: p. 10
url: http://www.jstor.org/stable/25136053
Underhill, Gertrude. "Some Recent Acquisitions of the Cleveland Museum of Art." Art and Archaeology VI, no. 1 (July, 1917): 41-49.
page number: Reproduced: p. 44
url:
Whiting, Frederic Allen. "The Cleveland Museum of Art." Art and Archaeology XVI, no. 4/5 (November, 1923): 186-194.
page number: Reproduced: p. 194
url:
The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1925.
page number: Reproduced: p. 30
url: https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook_80839/page/n32
Milliken, William M., "In Memorium Jeptha Homer Wade." The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art XIII, no. 4. (April 1926): 76.
page number: Mentioned: p. 64; Reproduced: p. 76
url:
Werth, Léon. Puvis de Chavannes. Paris, France: Les Éditions G. Crès & cie, 1926.
page number: Plate 19
url:
Meryem, Jean. "La Musee de Cleveland." L'Art et les Artistes 13, no. 69 (July, 1926): 341-346.
page number: Reproduced: p. 344
url:
The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1928.
page number: Reproduced: p. 37
url: https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1928/page/n41
Wilenski, R. H. French Painting. Boston, MA: Hale, Cushman & Flint, inc., 1931.
page number: Reproduced: p. 193, pl. 79
url:
Milliken, William. "The Twentieth Anniversary Exhibition of the Cleveland Museum of Art." ARTnews (June 13, 1936): 7-14.
page number: Mentioned: p. 13
url:
Milliken, W. M., and P. Boswell. "Superb Art Display Marks Cleveland Museum's 20th Anniversary; With List." Art Digest 10 (July 1936): 5-22.
page number: Reproduced: p. 11
url:
"Treasure Trove of Great Art Masterpieces." Life 15 (Sept. 20, 1943): 64-68.
page number: Reproduced: p. 68
url:
Paintings in the Cleveland Museum of Art. [Cleveland]: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1945.
page number: Reproduced: p. 34
url: https://archive.org/details/CMAPaintings1945/page/n42
Coe, Nancy. The History of the Collecting of European Paintings and Drawings in the City of Cleveland. Thesis M.A. Oberlin College, 1955.
page number: Reproduced: vol. 2, p. 253
url:
Gilson, Etienne. Painting and Reality. New York, NY Pantheon Books, 1957.
page number: Reproduced: p. 148, Figure 55
url:
The Cleveland Museum of Art. The Cleveland Museum of Art Handbook. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1958.
page number: Mentioned and Reproduced: cat. no. 499
url: https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1958/page/n92
The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1966. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1966.
page number: Reproduced: p. 171
url: https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1966/page/n194
Arnason, H. H. History of Modern Art: Painting, Sculpture, Architecture. New York, NY: H.N. Abrams, 1968.
page number: Reproduced: p. 60; Figure 61
url:
The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1969. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1969.
page number: Reproduced: p. 171
url: https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1969/page/n194
Daval, Jean Luc. Journal de l'art moderne, 1884-1914. [Genève]: Skira, 1973.
page number: Reproduced: p. 92
url:
Puvis de Chavannes, 1824-1898. Paris: Éditions des Musées Nationaux, 1976.
page number:
url:
Phaidon Encyclopedia of Art and Artists. Oxford, United Kingdom: Phaidon, 1978.
page number: Reproduced: p. 536
url:
The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1978. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1978.
page number: Reproduced: p. 212
url: https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1978/page/n232
Boucher, Marie-Christine. Catalogue des dessins et peintures de Puvis de Chavannes. Paris, France: Palais des beaux-arts de la ville de Paris, Musée du Petit Palais, 1979.
page number: Reproduced: p. 104
url:
Van Liere, Eldon N. "Solutions and Dissolutions: The Bather in Nineteenth-century French Painting." Arts Magazine 55 (May 1980): 104.
page number: Reproduced: fig. 25
url:
Masini, Lara Vinca. Art Nouveau. London, United Kingdom: Thames and Hudson, 1984.
page number: Figure: 195
url:
Kiefer, Geraldine W. Alfred Stieglitz: Scientist, Photographer, and Avatar of Modernism, 1880-1913. New York, NY: Garland, 1991.
page number: Reproduced: p. 225, Figure 55
url:
Robinson, William H. "Puvis de Chavannes 's Summer and the Symbolist Avant-garde." The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art LXXVIII. (1991): 2-27.
page number: Reproduced: p. 2-27
url: https://www.jstor.org/stable/25161310
Breuille, Jean-Philippe. L'Art du XIXe siècle: dictionnaire de peinture et de sculpture. Paris, France: Larousse, 1993.
page number: Reproduced: p. 576-577
url:
Chong, Alan. European & American Painting in the Cleveland Museum of Art: A Summary Catalogue. Cleveland, Ohio: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1993.
page number: Reproduced: p. 188
url:
Price, Aimée Brown, Genevieve Lacambre, and Jon Whiteley. Pierre Puvis De Chavannes. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Van Gogh Museum, 1994.
page number:
url:
Ross, Novelene, and David Cateforis. Toward an American Identity: Selections from the Wichita Art Museum Collection of American Art. Wichita, KS: Wichita Art Museum, 1997.
page number: Reproduced: p. 62
url:
Shaw, Jennifer L. "Imagining the Motherland: Puvis de Chavannes, Modernism, and the Fantasy of France." The Art Bulletin 79 (December 1997): 586-610.
page number: Reproduced: p. 586-610
url:
Arnason, H. H., and Marla Prather. History of Modern Art: Painting, Sculpture, Architecture, Photography. New York, NY: Harry N. Abrams, Inc, 1998.
page number: Reproduced: p. 72, Plate 75
url:
D' Argencourt, Louise, and Roger Diederen. The Cleveland Museum of Art: Catalogue of Paintings, Part II; European Paintings of the 19th Century. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1999.
page number: Reproduced: p. 508
url:
Lemoine, Serge. From Puvis De Chavannes to Matisse and Picasso: Toward Modern Art. Milan, Italy: Bompiani, 2002.
page number: Reproduced: p. 316-317, front cover
url:
Werth, Margaret. The Joy of Life: The Idyllic in French Art, Circa 1900. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2002.
page number: Reproduced: p. 65, Figure 46
url:
Shaw, Jennifer Laurie. Dream States: Puvis De Chavannes, Modernism, and the Fantasy of France. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2002.
page number: Reproduced: p. 167; Figure 27
url:
Rishel, Joseph J., ed. Gauguin, Cézanne, Matisse: Visions of Arcadia. Philadelphia, PA: Philadelphia Museum of Art, 2012.
page number: Reproduced: p. 33
url:
Daverio, Philippe. Il secolo lungo della modernità: il museo immaginato. Milan, Italy: Rizzoli, 2012.
page number: Reproduced: p. 475
url:
Gil, Alberto. Mediterráneo: Una Arcadia Reinventada: de Signac a Picasso. 2018.
page number: Reproduced: P. 24, fig. 4
url:
Shields, Scott. Breaking the Rules: Paul Wonner and Theophilus Brown. New York, NY: Scala Arts Publishers, 2023.
page number: Reproduced: p. 129
url:
Le Bacon, Céline. "Valadon et Puvis de Chavannes." In Suzanne Valadon: Un Monde à Soi," edited by Chiara Parisi, 85-94. Metz: Centre Pompidou Metz, 2023.
page number: Reproduced: p. 88, fig. 17
url:
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IMAGES
web: https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1916.1056/1916.1056_web.jpg
print: https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1916.1056/1916.1056_print.jpg
full: https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1916.1056/1916.1056_full.tif