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"tombstone": "Perfume Case (Etui flaconnier), c. 1780. France. Painted wood with gilt metal mounts, tortoiseshell; overall: 12.6 x 2.6 cm (4 15/16 x 1 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift of Mr. and Mrs. J. H. Wade, 1916.324",
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"title": "Perfume Case (Etui flaconnier)",
"creation_date": "c. 1780",
"creation_date_earliest": 1775,
"creation_date_latest": 1785,
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"culture": [
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"department": "Decorative Art and Design",
"collection": "Decorative Arts",
"type": "Cosmetic Objects",
"measurements": "Overall: 12.6 x 2.6 cm (4 15/16 x 1 in.)",
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"height_inch": 4,
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"did_you_know": "Perfume was an important part of the French toilette, a lengthy ritual of washing and dressing practiced by members of the French social elite.",
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"description": "Resting inside this case is a small octagonal crystal flask that would have held perfume. The painted miniatures are decorated with vernis martin, a popular varnish that imitated East Asian true lacquer. These scenes of rural merriment were often miniature reproductions of well-respected artists of the period. The depiction of three children and a dog on the lower portion of the case was drawn from Jean-Honor\u00e9 Fragonard\u2019s The Happy Family (L\u2019heureuse f\u00e9condit\u00e9) (1777).",
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"updated_at": "2026-08-22 11:53:09.958000"
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