{
"data": {
"id": 97033,
"accession_number": "1916.686",
"share_license_status": "CC0",
"tombstone": "Estoc, early 1500s. Germany, early 16th Century. Steel, wood and leather; overall: 156.6 cm (61 5/8 in.); blade: 125.3 cm (49 5/16 in.); quillions: 26.2 cm (10 5/16 in.); grip: 30 cm (11 13/16 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift of Mr. and Mrs. John L. Severance, 1916.686",
"current_location": "210A Armor Court",
"title": "Estoc",
"creation_date": "early 1500s",
"creation_date_earliest": 1500,
"creation_date_latest": 1525,
"artists_tags": [],
"culture": [
"Germany, early 16th Century"
],
"technique": "steel, wood and leather",
"support_materials": [],
"department": "Medieval Art",
"collection": "MED - Arms & Armor",
"type": "Arms and Armor",
"measurements": "Overall: 156.6 cm (61 5/8 in.); Blade: 125.3 cm (49 5/16 in.); Quillions: 26.2 cm (10 5/16 in.); Grip: 30 cm (11 13/16 in.)",
"dimensions": {
"overall": {
"length": 1.566
},
"blade": {
"length": 1.253
},
"quillions": {
"length": 0.262
},
"grip": {
"length": 0.3
}
},
"state_of_the_work": null,
"edition_of_the_work": null,
"copyright": null,
"inscriptions": [],
"exhibitions": {
"current": [
{
"id": 190103,
"title": "Armor Court Reinstallation",
"description": "Armor Court Reinstallation. The Cleveland Museum of Art (organizer).",
"opening_date": "1998-09-10T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 180667,
"title": "Sacred Gifts and Worldly Treasures: Medieval Masterworks from the Cleveland Museum of Art",
"description": "Sacred Gifts and Worldly Treasures: Medieval Masterworks from the Cleveland Museum of Art. National Museum of Bavaria, Munich, Germany (May 10-September 16, 2007); J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles, CA (October 30, 2007-January 20, 2008).",
"opening_date": "2007-05-10T00:00:00"
}
],
"legacy": []
},
"provenance": [
{
"description": "Sauran",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": null,
"sortorder": null
},
{
"description": "Richard Zschille (1847-1903), Leipzig, Germany",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": null,
"sortorder": 2
},
{
"description": "Frank Gair Macomber (1849-1941), Boston, MA, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "?-1916",
"sortorder": 3
},
{
"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "1916-",
"sortorder": 4
}
],
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"former_accession_numbers": [],
"did_you_know": "Swords like this one were developed to counteract and pierce the increasingly heavy armor and sophisticated plates that nearly covered a knight.",
"description": "The French word estoc means \"thrust\" and therefore was adopted as the name for this long thrusting sword. It has a fairly long grip and simple cross-shaped hilt. The rigid blade, designed for thrusting at armored opponents, is three-sided for strength. The estoc was sometimes carried from the saddle. From the early 1300s, it was used by cavalrymen as an auxiliary side arm when a horseman had dismounted.",
"external_resources": {
"wikidata": [
"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60747226"
],
"internet_archive": [
"https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1916.686-estoc"
]
},
"citations": [
{
"citation": "Catalogue of Arms and Armour. Vol. 1, 14th & 15th centuries. [Boston, Massachusetts]: [Frank Gair Macomber], [1900-1915].",
"page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: No. 34 [31]",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CatArmsArmour1/page/n233"
},
{
"citation": "Gilchrist, Helen Ives. \"Swords from the Severance Collection.\" The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 10, no. 1 (1923).",
"page_number": "pp. 2, 6-8, fig. D",
"url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/25136621"
},
{
"citation": "Gilchrist, Helen Ives. A Catalogue of the Collection of Arms & Armor Presented to the Cleveland Museum of Art by Mr. and Mrs. John Long Severance; 1916-1923. Cleveland: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1924.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 86, E5; Reproduced: Plate XX, E5",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/SeveranceCollection1924/page/n126"
},
{
"citation": "Fliegel, Stephen N. Arms and Armor: The Cleveland Museum of Art. [Cleveland, Ohio]: The Museum, 1998.",
"page_number": "p. 111, 168, cat. no.125",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Fliegel, Stephen N. Arms & Armor: The Cleveland Museum of Art. [Cleveland, Ohio]: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2007.",
"page_number": "cat. no. 152, p. 190",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Eikelmann, Renate, Holger A. Klein, Stephen N. Fliegel, and Virginia Brilliant. The Cleveland Museum of Art: Meisterwerke von 300 bis 1550. Mu\u0308nchen: Hirmer, 2007.",
"page_number": "pp. 278-9, no. 104",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art, and Holger A. Klein. Sacred Gifts and Worldly Treasures: Medieval Masterworks from the Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland, Ohio: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2007.",
"page_number": "cat. 110, p. 290",
"url": null
}
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"updated_at": "2026-03-27 00:08:18.721000"
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