id: 102876 accession number: 1921.1507 share license status: CC0 url: https://clevelandart.org/art/1921.1507 updated: 2024-03-26 01:56:43.698000 Painters and the bourgeois, 1862, printed 1920. Honoré Daumier (French, 1808–1879), Charles Maurand (French, 1824–1904), François Louis Schmied (Swiss, 1873–1941). Wood engraving; image: 15.9 x 22.6 cm (6 1/4 x 8 7/8 in.); sheet: 31.7 x 45.5 cm (12 1/2 x 17 15/16 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift of Ralph King 1921.1507 title: Painters and the bourgeois title in original language: series: series in original language: creation date: 1862, printed 1920 creation date earliest: 1862 creation date latest: 1862 current location: creditline: Gift of Ralph King copyright: --- culture: France, 19th century technique: wood engraving department: Prints collection: PR - Wood engraving type: Print find spot: catalogue raisonne: Daumier Register 6007 ; Bouvy 928 ; Rümann 874 ; Fuchs 483 --- CREATORS * Honoré Daumier (French, 1808–1879) - artist Honoré Daumier was eight years old when his father, a glazier and frame maker who had decided to pursue his poetic talents in Paris, sent for the wife and three sons he lad left behind in Marseilles. In Paris Daumier studied drawing with Alexandre Lenoir (1761-1839) and at the Académie Suisse. Around 1825 he began a five-year apprenticeship with the publisher and lithographer Zépherin Belliard (1798-?). The July revolution of 1830, which established Louis-Philippe as the constitutional monarch in France, coincided with Daumier's creation of satirical lithographs aimed at this new government. That same year he joined La Caricature, a political journal founded by the republican artist-publisher, Charles Philipon (1802-1862). Daumier's antimonarchist and liberal subjects that were printed in this paper eventually cost the journal censorship and the artist six months in jail (31 August 1832 to 14 February 1833) plus a 300-franc fine. His prison sentence did not deter him from producing political statements and, in fact, only fueled his rage. The subjects of his lithographs became much more aggressive. In 1835 he worked for Philipon's second publication, Le Charivari, a humorous political newspaper that published Daumier's satirical caricature until it, too, suffered censorship under the new government. Although Daumier may be best known for his graphic art, he was also a sculptor and a prolific painter. Sculpture became another medium to produce his infamous caricatures. His friend, Honoré de Balzac, French novelist and editor of La Caricature, saw in these works the force of Michelangelo. In 1834 Daumier began experimenting with painting, both in oil and watercolor. Apart from his Salon entries of 1849 and 1850, his paintings, which totaled over three hundred, were painted primarily for his own pleasure and virtually unknown to the public until after his death in 1879. * Charles Maurand (French, 1824–1904) - engraver * François Louis Schmied (Swiss, 1873–1941) - printer Swiss painter, illustrator, and bookbinder, 1873-1941, active in France --- measurements: Image: 15.9 x 22.6 cm (6 1/4 x 8 7/8 in.); Sheet: 31.7 x 45.5 cm (12 1/2 x 17 15/16 in.) state of the work: II/II edition of the work: 75 support materials: inscriptions: inscription: Lower margin, in pencil: 40/75 ; red stamp: FLS translation: remark: --- CURRENT EXHIBITIONS --- LEGACY EXHIBITIONS --- PROVENANCE Ralph King [1855-1926], Cleveland Heights, OH date: ?-1921 footnotes: citations: The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH date: December 22, 1921 footnotes: citations: --- fun fact: digital description: wall description: --- RELATED WORKS --- CITATIONS --- IMAGES web: https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1921.1507/1921.1507_web.jpg print: https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1921.1507/1921.1507_print.jpg full: https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1921.1507/1921.1507_full.tif