{
"data": {
"id": 106111,
"accession_number": "1924.213",
"share_license_status": "CC0",
"tombstone": "The Battle of St. James the Greater at Clavijo, 1470\u201375. Attributed to Martin Schongauer (German, c. 1450\u20131491). Engraving; sheet: 28.9 x 43.3 cm (11 3/8 x 17 1/16 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift of Ralph King, 1924.213",
"current_location": null,
"title": "The Battle of St. James the Greater at Clavijo",
"creation_date": "1470\u201375",
"creation_date_earliest": 1465,
"creation_date_latest": 1480,
"artists_tags": [
"male"
],
"culture": [
"Germany"
],
"technique": "engraving",
"support_materials": [],
"department": "Prints",
"collection": "PR - Engraving",
"type": "Print",
"measurements": "Sheet: 28.9 x 43.3 cm (11 3/8 x 17 1/16 in.)",
"dimensions": {
"sheet": {
"height": 0.289,
"height_inch": 11,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.375,
"width": 0.433,
"width_inch": 17,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.0625
}
},
"state_of_the_work": "I/II",
"edition_of_the_work": null,
"copyright": null,
"inscriptions": [],
"exhibitions": {
"current": [
{
"id": 344612,
"title": "Miscellaneous Prints and Drawings from the Museum Collections",
"description": "Miscellaneous Prints and Drawings from the Museum Collections. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (June 23-October 23, 1924).",
"opening_date": "1924-06-23T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 357426,
"title": "Italian and German Prints of the 15th Century",
"description": "Italian and German Prints of the 15th Century. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (November 29, 1933-January 3, 1934).",
"opening_date": "1933-11-29T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 357312,
"title": "Prints of the Fifteenth to Twentieth Century from the Museum Collection",
"description": "Prints of the Fifteenth to Twentieth Century from the Museum Collection. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (June 5-September 12, 1934).",
"opening_date": "1934-06-05T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 356411,
"title": "15th Century German and Netherlands Prints from the Museum Collection",
"description": "15th Century German and Netherlands Prints from the Museum Collection. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (October 11-28, 1935).",
"opening_date": "1935-10-11T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 345396,
"title": "Inaugural Exhibition of the New Print Gallery - Prints from the Museum Collection",
"description": "Inaugural Exhibition of the New Print Gallery - Prints from the Museum Collection. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (August 10-November 13, 1938).",
"opening_date": "1938-08-10T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 345558,
"title": "15th Century German Engravings",
"description": "15th Century German Engravings. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (November 15-December 11, 1938).",
"opening_date": "1938-11-15T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 301359,
"title": "The Print Club of Cleveland, 1919 - 1969: Fifty Years in Review",
"description": "The Print Club of Cleveland, 1919 - 1969: Fifty Years in Review. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (January 14-March 31, 1970).",
"opening_date": "1970-01-14T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 310039,
"title": "Sacred and Profane in Late Gothic Prints",
"description": "Sacred and Profane in Late Gothic Prints. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (June 2-August 2, 1987).",
"opening_date": "1987-06-02T04:00:00"
}
],
"legacy": []
},
"provenance": [
{
"description": "Ralph King [1855-1926], Cleveland Heights, OH",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "?-1924",
"sortorder": 1
},
{
"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "January 31, 1924",
"sortorder": 2
}
],
"find_spot": null,
"related_works": [],
"former_accession_numbers": [],
"did_you_know": "In this unfinished plate, the shield in the right foreground, the fallen horse at the bottom left, the points on the lances of the soldier in the upper left corner, and the hilly landscape are all details left uncompleted.",
"early_education_description": null,
"artlens_description": null,
"description": "According to legend, in 846 A.D. during a battle in Clavijo, one of the Christ's apostles and the patron saint of Spain, Saint James the Greater, miraculously appeared on the battlefield and helped the Christian armies of the Spanish king Ramirez defeat Muslim forces. Martin Schongauer portrays the climax of the battle, as Saint James appears on his steed at the center of the scene amidst gruesome beheaded corpses and dismembered limbs. The saint is brandishing a sword and wearing a scallop shell on his hat--an emblem adopted and worn by pilgrims during their travels to James's burial place, the Spanish Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela.",
"external_resources": {
"wikidata": [
"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79892304"
],
"internet_archive": [
"https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1924.213-the-battle-of-st-jam"
]
},
"citations": [],
"catalogue_raisonne": "Lehrs V.376.1",
"url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1924.213",
"images": {
"annotation": null,
"web": {
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"annotation": ""
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],
"creditline": "Gift of Ralph King",
"image_credit": null,
"sketchfab_id": null,
"sketchfab_url": null,
"gallery_donor_text": null,
"athena_id": 106111,
"creators": [
{
"id": 12292,
"description": "Martin Schongauer (German, c. 1450\u20131491)",
"extent": null,
"qualifier": "attributed to",
"role": "artist",
"biography": "Martin Schongauer (ca. 1450-53, Colmar - 2 February 1491, Breisach) was one of the most skilled and influential graphic artists of Europe in the last quarter of the 15h century. Trained both as an engraver and as a painter, Schongauer started his apprenticeship under his father Caspar Schongauer, a goldsmith from Augsburg. In 1465, he matriculated at the University of Leipzig. After one year, he left his studies, and came back to Colmar. There, he was trained under the painter Caspar Isenmann, between 1466 and 1469. Schongauer later traveled down to the Rhine, Cologne, Burgundy, the Netherlands, and he likely visited Spain. In 1489, he became a citizen of Breisach, where he died probably of the plague in 1491. Only a few of Schongauer's paintings survive. Among these is the Madonna in the Rose Garden for the Church of Saint Martin in Colmar (1473), which betrays Schongauer's admiration for the works by the Netherlandish painter Roger Van der Weyden. The bulk of Schongauer's engravings is more conspicuous: 116 prints, none of them dated, but all marked by his monogram M+S. Characterized by exquisite cross-hatching and impeccable craftsmanship, Schongauer's engravings were widely imitated by the German printmakers Ishrael van Meckenem and Albrecht Durer, as well as by Italian artists, such as Cristoforo Robetta and Nicoletto da Modena.",
"name_in_original_language": null,
"birth_year": "1450",
"death_year": "1491",
"use_in_caption": true,
"include_extent": false,
"weight": 1
}
],
"legal_status": "accessioned",
"accession_date": "1924-01-31T00:00:00",
"sortable_date": 1465,
"date_added_to_oa": null,
"date_text": "1470\u201375",
"collapse_artists": false,
"on_loan": false,
"recently_acquired": false,
"record_type": "object",
"conservation_statement": null,
"has_conservation_images": false,
"cover_accession_number": null,
"is_nazi_era_provenance": false,
"impression": null,
"alternate_titles": [],
"is_highlight": false,
"updated_at": "2026-05-29 05:42:28.836000"
}
}