id:			106364
accession number:	1924.432.21
share license status:	CC0
url:			https://clevelandart.org/art/1924.432.21
updated:		2022-01-04 15:00:32.809000

Grammar (from the Tarocchi, series C:  Liberal Arts, #21), before 1467. Master of the E-Series Tarocchi (Italian, 15th century). Engraving; The Cleveland Museum of Art, Dudley P. Allen Fund 1924.432.21

title:				Grammar (from the Tarocchi, series C:  Liberal Arts, #21)
title in original language:	
series:				
series in original language:	
creation date:			before 1467
creation date earliest:		1457
creation date latest:		1467
current location:		
creditline:			Dudley P. Allen Fund
copyright:			

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culture:	Italy, Ferrara, 15th century
technique:	engraving
department:	Prints
collection:	PR - Engraving
type:		Print
find spot:	
catalogue raisonne: Hind E.I. 21a

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CREATORS

* Master of the E-Series Tarocchi (Italian, 15th century)  - artist

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measurements: 
state of the work:	
edition of the work: 	

support materials:


inscriptions:

	inscription:	Lettered below the image of Grammatica (Grammar): ·C· / ·GRAMATICA·XXI· / 21
	translation:	
	remark:		

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CURRENT EXHIBITIONS

	title:		The Silver Jubilee Exhibition
	opening date:   1941-06-23T04:00:00
	<i>The Silver Jubilee Exhibition</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (June 23-September 28, 1941).

	title:		Prints and Drawings from the Cleveland Museum of Art Collection
	opening date:   1965-05-06T04:00:00
	<i>Prints and Drawings from the Cleveland Museum of Art Collection</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (May 6-September 9, 1965).

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LEGACY EXHIBITIONS

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PROVENANCE

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fun fact: 


digital description: 
This engraving is part of the group “C” named <em>Liberal Arts</em>. Conceptually, the liberal arts descended from classical antiquity, and were divided into the <em>Trivium </em>(Grammar, Rhetoric, and Dialectic or Logic) and the <em>Quadrivium </em>(Music, Geometry, Arithmetic, and Astronomy). In the Tarocchi set the total number was risen to ten, with the addition of the three disciplines (Poetry, Philosophy, and Theology). The liberal arts denoted knowledge or skills considered necessary to participate in a free society. By the late Middle Ages, they began to be represented in the visual arts as womanlike allegories. <br><br>Here, <em>Grammatica </em>(Grammar) is personified as a full-length female figure turned to left. Her left hand carries a vessel containing medicine to correct children’s pronunciation, while her right hand holds up a file, meant to remove grammatical mistakes from their tongues. Regarded as the foundation of the Liberal Arts, Grammar teaches how to speak with grace and perfection.

wall description: 

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RELATED WORKS

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CITATIONS

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IMAGES

web:	https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1924.432.21/1924.432.21_web.jpg
print:	https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1924.432.21/1924.432.21_print.jpg
full:	https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1924.432.21/1924.432.21_full.tif