{
    "data": {
        "id": 106364,
        "accession_number": "1924.432.21",
        "share_license_status": "CC0",
        "tombstone": "Grammar (from the Tarocchi, series C:  Liberal Arts, #21), before 1467. Master of the E-Series Tarocchi (Italian, active 1460s). Engraving. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Dudley P. Allen Fund, 1924.432.21",
        "current_location": null,
        "title": "Grammar (from the Tarocchi, series C:  Liberal Arts, #21)",
        "creation_date": "before 1467",
        "creation_date_earliest": 1457,
        "creation_date_latest": 1467,
        "artists_tags": [
            "male"
        ],
        "culture": [
            "Italy, Ferrara, 15th century"
        ],
        "technique": "engraving",
        "support_materials": [],
        "department": "Prints",
        "collection": "PR - Engraving",
        "type": "Print",
        "dimensions": {},
        "state_of_the_work": null,
        "edition_of_the_work": null,
        "copyright": null,
        "inscriptions": [
            {
                "inscription": "Lettered below the image of Grammatica (Grammar): \u00b7C\u00b7 / \u00b7GRAMATICA\u00b7XXI\u00b7 / 21",
                "inscription_translation": null,
                "inscription_remark": null,
                "sortorder": null
            }
        ],
        "exhibitions": {
            "current": [
                {
                    "id": 312341,
                    "title": "The Silver Jubilee Exhibition",
                    "description": "<i>The Silver Jubilee Exhibition</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (June 23-September 28, 1941).",
                    "opening_date": "1941-06-23T04:00:00"
                },
                {
                    "id": 350269,
                    "title": "Prints and Drawings from the Cleveland Museum of Art Collection",
                    "description": "<i>Prints and Drawings from the Cleveland Museum of Art Collection</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (May 6-September 9, 1965).",
                    "opening_date": "1965-05-06T04:00:00"
                }
            ],
            "legacy": []
        },
        "provenance": [],
        "find_spot": null,
        "related_works": [],
        "former_accession_numbers": [
            "1924.452"
        ],
        "did_you_know": null,
        "early_education_description": null,
        "artlens_description": null,
        "description": "This engraving is part of the group \u201cC\u201d named <em>Liberal Arts</em>. Conceptually, the liberal arts descended from classical antiquity, and were divided into the <em>Trivium </em>(Grammar, Rhetoric, and Dialectic or Logic) and the <em>Quadrivium </em>(Music, Geometry, Arithmetic, and Astronomy). In the Tarocchi set the total number was risen to ten, with the addition of the three disciplines (Poetry, Philosophy, and Theology). The liberal arts denoted knowledge or skills considered necessary to participate in a free society. By the late Middle Ages, they began to be represented in the visual arts as womanlike allegories. <br><br>Here, <em>Grammatica </em>(Grammar) is personified as a full-length female figure turned to left. Her left hand carries a vessel containing medicine to correct children\u2019s pronunciation, while her right hand holds up a file, meant to remove grammatical mistakes from their tongues. Regarded as the foundation of the Liberal Arts, Grammar teaches how to speak with grace and perfection.",
        "external_resources": {
            "wikidata": [
                "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79892858"
            ],
            "internet_archive": [
                "https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1924.432.21-grammar-from-the-tar"
            ]
        },
        "citations": [],
        "catalogue_raisonne": "Hind E.I. 21a",
        "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1924.432.21",
        "images": {
            "annotation": null,
            "web": {
                "url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1924.432.21/1924.432.21_web.jpg",
                "width": "634",
                "height": "893",
                "filesize": "421317",
                "filename": "1924.432.21_web.jpg"
            },
            "print": {
                "url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1924.432.21/1924.432.21_print.jpg",
                "width": "2415",
                "height": "3400",
                "filesize": "5854774",
                "filename": "1924.432.21_print.jpg"
            },
            "full": {
                "url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1924.432.21/1924.432.21_full.tif",
                "width": "3744",
                "height": "5272",
                "filesize": "59245492",
                "filename": "1924.432.21_full.tif"
            }
        },
        "alternate_images": [],
        "creditline": "Dudley P. Allen Fund",
        "image_credit": null,
        "sketchfab_id": null,
        "sketchfab_url": null,
        "gallery_donor_text": null,
        "athena_id": 106364,
        "creators": [
            {
                "id": 40800,
                "description": "Master of the E-Series Tarocchi (Italian, active 1460s)",
                "extent": null,
                "qualifier": null,
                "role": "artist",
                "biography": null,
                "name_in_original_language": null,
                "death_year": "1499",
                "use_in_caption": true,
                "include_extent": false,
                "weight": 1
            }
        ],
        "legal_status": "accessioned",
        "accession_date": "1914-03-13T00:00:00",
        "sortable_date": 1457,
        "date_added_to_oa": null,
        "date_text": "before 1467",
        "collapse_artists": false,
        "on_loan": false,
        "recently_acquired": false,
        "record_type": "component",
        "conservation_statement": null,
        "has_conservation_images": false,
        "cover_accession_number": "1924.432",
        "is_nazi_era_provenance": false,
        "impression": null,
        "alternate_titles": [],
        "is_highlight": false,
        "updated_at": "2026-05-29 05:43:22.315000"
    }
}