{
    "data": {
        "id": 106371,
        "accession_number": "1924.432.28",
        "share_license_status": "CC0",
        "tombstone": "Philosophy (from the Tarocchi, series C:  Liberal Arts, #28), before 1467. Master of the E-Series Tarocchi (Italian, active 1460s). Engraving, hand-colored with gold. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Dudley P. Allen Fund, 1924.432.28",
        "current_location": null,
        "title": "Philosophy (from the Tarocchi, series C:  Liberal Arts, #28)",
        "creation_date": "before 1467",
        "creation_date_earliest": 1457,
        "creation_date_latest": 1467,
        "artists_tags": [
            "male"
        ],
        "culture": [
            "Italy, Ferrara, 15th century"
        ],
        "technique": "engraving, hand-colored with gold",
        "support_materials": [],
        "department": "Prints",
        "collection": "PR - Engraving",
        "type": "Print",
        "dimensions": {},
        "state_of_the_work": null,
        "edition_of_the_work": null,
        "copyright": null,
        "inscriptions": [
            {
                "inscription": "Lettered below the image of Philosofia (Philosophy): \u00b7C\u00b7 / \u00b7PHILOSOFIA\u00b7XXVIII\u00b7 / \u00b728\u00b7",
                "inscription_translation": null,
                "inscription_remark": null,
                "sortorder": null
            }
        ],
        "exhibitions": {
            "current": [
                {
                    "id": 312341,
                    "title": "The Silver Jubilee Exhibition",
                    "description": "<i>The Silver Jubilee Exhibition</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (June 23-September 28, 1941).",
                    "opening_date": "1941-06-23T04:00:00"
                },
                {
                    "id": 288386,
                    "title": "Gods and Heroes: Ancient Legends in Renaissance Art",
                    "description": "<i>Gods and Heroes: Ancient Legends in Renaissance Art</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (August 26-December 31, 2017).",
                    "opening_date": "2017-08-26T04:00:00"
                }
            ],
            "legacy": []
        },
        "provenance": [],
        "find_spot": null,
        "related_works": [],
        "former_accession_numbers": [
            "1924.459"
        ],
        "did_you_know": null,
        "early_education_description": null,
        "artlens_description": null,
        "description": "This engraving is part of the group \u201cC\u201d named <em>Liberal Arts</em>. Conceptually, the liberal arts descended from classical antiquity, and were divided into the <em>Trivium </em>(Grammar, Rhetoric, and Dialectic or Logic) and the <em>Quadrivium </em>(Music, Geometry, Arithmetic, and Astronomy). In the Tarocchi set the total number was risen to ten, with the addition of the three disciplines (Poetry, Philosophy, and Theology). The liberal arts denoted knowledge or skills considered necessary to participate in a free society. By the late Middle Ages, they began to be represented in the visual arts as womanlike allegories. <br><br>Here, <em>Philosofia </em>(Philosophy) is personified as Athena, goddess of war and wisdom. She holds up a lance in her right hand, while with her left hand firmly grasps her <em>aegis</em>, a shield bearing Medusa\u2019s head. This was believed to have the power of turning any opponent into stone.",
        "external_resources": {
            "wikidata": [
                "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79892875"
            ],
            "internet_archive": [
                "https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1924.432.28-philosophy-from-the"
            ]
        },
        "citations": [],
        "catalogue_raisonne": "Hind E.I.28a",
        "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1924.432.28",
        "images": {
            "annotation": null,
            "web": {
                "url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1924.432.28/1924.432.28_web.jpg",
                "width": "650",
                "height": "893",
                "filesize": "465393",
                "filename": "1924.432.28_web.jpg"
            },
            "print": {
                "url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1924.432.28/1924.432.28_print.jpg",
                "width": "2474",
                "height": "3400",
                "filesize": "6326567",
                "filename": "1924.432.28_print.jpg"
            },
            "full": {
                "url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1924.432.28/1924.432.28_full.tif",
                "width": "3840",
                "height": "5278",
                "filesize": "60834400",
                "filename": "1924.432.28_full.tif"
            }
        },
        "alternate_images": [],
        "creditline": "Dudley P. Allen Fund",
        "image_credit": null,
        "sketchfab_id": null,
        "sketchfab_url": null,
        "gallery_donor_text": null,
        "athena_id": 106371,
        "creators": [
            {
                "id": 40800,
                "description": "Master of the E-Series Tarocchi (Italian, active 1460s)",
                "extent": null,
                "qualifier": null,
                "role": "artist",
                "biography": null,
                "name_in_original_language": null,
                "death_year": "1499",
                "use_in_caption": true,
                "include_extent": false,
                "weight": 1
            }
        ],
        "legal_status": "accessioned",
        "accession_date": "1914-03-13T00:00:00",
        "sortable_date": 1457,
        "date_added_to_oa": null,
        "date_text": "before 1467",
        "collapse_artists": false,
        "on_loan": false,
        "recently_acquired": false,
        "record_type": "component",
        "conservation_statement": null,
        "has_conservation_images": false,
        "cover_accession_number": "1924.432",
        "is_nazi_era_provenance": false,
        "impression": null,
        "alternate_titles": [],
        "is_highlight": false,
        "updated_at": "2026-05-29 05:43:23.828000"
    }
}