{
"data": {
"id": 107310,
"accession_number": "1925.1293",
"share_license_status": "CC0",
"tombstone": "Ivory Plaque with Enthroned Mother of God (\"The Stroganoff Ivory\"), 950\u20131025. Byzantium, Constantinople, Byzantine period. Ivory; overall: 25.3 x 17.2 x 1.8 cm (9 15/16 x 6 3/4 x 11/16 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift of J. H. Wade, 1925.1293",
"current_location": "105 Byzantine",
"title": "Ivory Plaque with Enthroned Mother of God (\"The Stroganoff Ivory\")",
"creation_date": "950\u20131025",
"creation_date_earliest": 950,
"creation_date_latest": 1025,
"artists_tags": [],
"culture": [
"Byzantium, Constantinople, Byzantine period"
],
"technique": "ivory",
"support_materials": [],
"department": "Medieval Art",
"collection": "MED - Byzantine",
"type": "Ivory",
"measurements": "Overall: 25.3 x 17.2 x 1.8 cm (9 15/16 x 6 3/4 x 11/16 in.)",
"dimensions": {
"overall": {
"height": 0.253,
"height_inch": 9,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.9375,
"width": 0.172,
"width_inch": 6,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.75,
"depth": 0.018,
"depth_inch": 0,
"depth_inch_fraction": 0.6875
}
},
"state_of_the_work": null,
"edition_of_the_work": null,
"copyright": null,
"inscriptions": [],
"exhibitions": {
"current": [
{
"id": 312517,
"title": "The Twentieth Anniversary Exhibition: The Official Art Exhibit of the Great Lakes Exposition",
"description": "The Twentieth Anniversary Exhibition: The Official Art Exhibit of the Great Lakes Exposition. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (June 26-October 4, 1936).",
"opening_date": "1936-06-26T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 312341,
"title": "The Silver Jubilee Exhibition",
"description": "The Silver Jubilee Exhibition. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (June 23-September 28, 1941).",
"opening_date": "1941-06-23T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 355520,
"title": "The Madonna in Art",
"description": "The Madonna in Art. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (December 9, 1947-February 9, 1948).",
"opening_date": "1947-12-09T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 311444,
"title": "Object Lessons: Cleveland Creates an Art Museum",
"description": "Object Lessons: Cleveland Creates an Art Museum. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (June 7-September 8, 1991).",
"opening_date": "1991-06-07T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 211519,
"title": "The Glory of Byzantium",
"description": "The Glory of Byzantium. The Metropolitan Museum of Art (organizer) (March 3-July 6, 1997).",
"opening_date": "1997-03-03T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 221733,
"title": "The Mother of God: Representations of the Virgin in Byzantine Art",
"description": "The Mother of God: Representations of the Virgin in Byzantine Art. Benaki Museum, Athens, Greece (organizer) (October 11, 2000-January 14, 2001).",
"opening_date": "2000-10-11T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 180667,
"title": "Sacred Gifts and Worldly Treasures: Medieval Masterworks from the Cleveland Museum of Art",
"description": "Sacred Gifts and Worldly Treasures: Medieval Masterworks from the Cleveland Museum of Art. National Museum of Bavaria, Munich, Germany (May 10-September 16, 2007); J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles, CA (October 30, 2007-January 20, 2008); Frist Art Museum, Nashville, TN (February 13-June 7, 2009).",
"opening_date": "2007-05-10T00:00:00"
}
],
"legacy": [
{
"description": "Malcolm Collection, The Burlington Club, London (1879)",
"opening_date": null
},
{
"description": "Early Christian and Byzantine Art, The Walters Art Gallery, Baltimore, Maryland (April 25 - June 22, 1947.",
"opening_date": "1947-04-25T00:00:00"
}
]
},
"provenance": [
{
"description": "Bastard Collection, Paris, France",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": null,
"sortorder": 1
},
{
"description": "Francis Douce, London (d. 1834)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "?-1834",
"sortorder": 2
},
{
"description": "Douce and Meyrick Collection",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "June 1836",
"sortorder": 3
},
{
"description": "Collection of Count Stroganoff (1794-1882), Rome, Italy",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": null,
"sortorder": 4
},
{
"description": "Malcolm Collection, sold at Christie's May 1, 1913, No. 20",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "?-1913",
"sortorder": 5
},
{
"description": "Tartaglia & Co. Sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "?-1925",
"sortorder": 6
},
{
"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1925-",
"sortorder": 7
}
],
"find_spot": null,
"related_works": [],
"former_accession_numbers": [],
"did_you_know": "This ivory is also known as the Stroganoff Ivory because it was once in the collection of Sergei Grigoryevich Stroganoff, a Russian statesman and art historian.",
"description": "The Mother of God is seated on a lavishly carved, high-backed throne. Two angels hover above, drawing attention to the Christ child poised in her lap. Representations of the enthroned Virgin and Child have a long tradition in Byzantine art, stretching back as far as the 6th century. With one hand raised in blessing, the other holding a scroll, Christ is portrayed here as an emotionless and supernatural child, visualizing for the pious beholder the mystery of his incarnation.",
"external_resources": {
"wikidata": [
"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60761435"
],
"internet_archive": [
"https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1925.1293-ivory-plaque-with-en"
]
},
"citations": [
{
"citation": "\"Catalogue of the Douceau Museum\" Gentleman's Magazine (June 1836)",
"page_number": "No. 39",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Tre\u0301sor de numismatique et de glyptique ou recueil ge\u0301ne\u0301ral de me\u0301dailles, monnaies, pierres grave\u0301es, bas-reliefs, etc ... Choix historique des me\u0301dailles des Papes, depuis les milieu du XVe sie\u0300cle jusqu' a\u0300 nos jours. Paris: Rittner et Goupil, 1839.",
"page_number": "pl. 51",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Didron, A.N. Annales Arch\u00e9ologiques vol XVII (1857)",
"page_number": "p. 362",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Labarte, J. Les Arts Industriels vol. 1 (1864).",
"page_number": "p. 88",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Westwood, J. O. A Descriptive Catalogue of the Fictile Ivories in the South Kensington Museum: With an Account of the Continental Collections of Classical and Medi\u00e6val Ivories. 1876.",
"page_number": "p. 79, no. 55.26",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Bayet, Ch. L'art Byzantin. Paris: Ancienne maison quantin, Librairies-imprimeries re\u0301unies, May & Motteroz, 1883.",
"page_number": "p. 192",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Molinier, Emile. Les ivoires. Paris: Librairie centrale des beaux-arts, 1896.",
"page_number": "p. 102, 103",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Hermanin, F. l'Arte vol. 1 (1898)",
"page_number": "p. 9",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Graeven, Hans. Fru\u0308hchristliche und mittelalterliche Elfenbeinwerke in photographischer Nachbildung. Rom: Instituto archeol. germanico, 1898.",
"page_number": "p. 36, no. 67",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Kraus, Franz Xaver, and Joseph Sauer. Geschichte der christlichen Kunst. Freiburg im Breisgau: Herder'sche Verlagshandlung, 1896.",
"page_number": null,
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Venturi, Adolfo. Storia dell'arte italiana. Milano: U. Hoepli, 1901.",
"page_number": "p. 598, fig. 426",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Les Arts I (1902)",
"page_number": "p. 40",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Mu\u00f1oz, A. Ausonia vol. II (Rome, 1907).",
"page_number": "p. 109",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Pollak, Ludwig, and Antonio Mun\u0303oz. Pieces de choix de la collection du comte Gregoire Stroganoff a Rome. Rome: Imprimerie de l'Union editrice, 1911.",
"page_number": "plate CXVI, p. 161",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Dalton, O. M. Byzantine Art and Archaeology. Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, 1911.",
"page_number": "p. 230",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Pollak, Ludwig, and Antonio Mun\u0303oz. Pieces de choix de la collection du comte Gregoire Stroganoff a Rome. Rome: Imprimerie de l'Union editrice, 1911.",
"page_number": "p. 161, pl CXVI",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Christie's, May 1, 1913",
"page_number": "Lot. No. 20",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Volbach, Wolfgang Fritz. Mittelalterliche elfenbeinarbeiten. Berlin: E. Wasmuth a. g, 1922.",
"page_number": "p. 26",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Pelka, Otto. Elfenbein. Berlin: R.C. Schmidt & Co, 1923.",
"page_number": "p. 77, fig. 44",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Glu\u0308ck, Heinrich. Die christliche Kunst des Ostens. Berlin: B. Cassirer, 1923.",
"page_number": "p. 44, pl. 64",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "W. M. M. \"The Stroganoff Ivory.\" The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 13, no. 2 (1926)",
"page_number": "pp. 27-29",
"url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/25136900"
},
{
"citation": "The Art News (January 9, 1926).",
"page_number": "p. 11",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "The Art News (February 27, 1926).",
"page_number": "p. 6",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "The Wade Memorial Bulletin (April 1926).",
"page_number": null,
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "The Graphic London (December 25, 1926).",
"page_number": null,
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Duthuit, Georges. Byzance et l'art du XIIe sie\u0300cle. Paris: Stock, 1926.",
"page_number": "p. 33",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Schmitz, Hermann. The Encyclopedia of Furniture, An Outline History of Furniture Design in Egypt, Assyria, Persia, Greece, Rome, Italy, France, the Netherlands, Germany, England, Scandinavia, Spain, Russia and in the Near and Far East Up to the Middle of the Nineteenth Century. New York: McBride, 1926.",
"page_number": "p. 22",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1928.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 13",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1928/page/n17"
},
{
"citation": "Bossert, Helmuth Theodor. Geschichte des Kunstgewerbes aller Zeiten und Vo\u0308lker, in Verbindung mit zahlreichen Fachgelehrten herausgegeben von Dr. H. Th. Bossert. Berlin: E. Wasmuth, a.g, 1928.",
"page_number": "p. 174",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Goldschmidt, Adolph and Kurt Weitzmann. Die Byzantinischen Elfenbeinskulptures des X-XXXII (Berlin, B. Cassirer 1934).",
"page_number": "no. 79, pl. XXXII",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art. Catalogue of the Twentieth Anniversary Exhibition of the Cleveland Museum of Art: The Official Art Exhibit of the Great Lakes Exposition : June Twenty-Sixth to October Fourth 1936. [Cleveland, Ohio]: [Cleveland Museum of Art], 1936.",
"page_number": "No. 10",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Roos, Frank J. An Illustrated Handbook of Art History. New York: Macmillan, 1954.",
"page_number": "pl. A, p. 73",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Milliken, William. \"Silver Jubilee Exhibition.\" The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 28, no.6 (June 1941): 88-108",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 90; Reproduced: p. 96",
"url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/25140932"
},
{
"citation": "Walters Art Gallery (Baltimore, Md.), and Dorothy Eugenia Miner. Early Christian and Byzantine Art, An Exhibition Held at the Baltimore Museum of Art, April 25-June 22 [1947]. Baltimore: Trustees of the Walters Art Gallery, 1947.",
"page_number": "Cat. No. 126",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Milliken, William M. \"Early Christian and Byzantine Art in America.\" The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 5, no. 4 (1947).",
"page_number": "fig. 1",
"url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/426132"
},
{
"citation": "\"Arts\" Beaux-Arts (May 18, 1947).",
"page_number": "p. 3",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. The Cleveland Museum of Art Handbook. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1958.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: cat. no. 85",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1958/page/n29"
},
{
"citation": "Ilaria Toesca, \"La Madonna di S. Maria della Valle a Subiaco\" Bollettino d'Arte Anno XLIX (Fascicolo III, Serie IV, 1964).",
"page_number": "p. 223, repr. fig. 9, p. 222",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1966. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1966.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 41",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1966/page/n65"
},
{
"citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art. Selected Works: Cleveland Museum of Art. 1967.",
"page_number": "p. 3",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Volbach, Wolfgang Fritz, and Jacqueline Lafontaine-Dosogne. Byzanz und der christliche Osten. Berlin: Propyla\u0308en Verlag, 1968.",
"page_number": "p. 197 Pl. 98",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1969. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1969.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 41",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1969/page/n63"
},
{
"citation": "Frere-Cook, Gervis. Art and Architecture of Christianity. Cleveland: Press of Case Western Reserve University, 1972.",
"page_number": "Dust jacket",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Rademacher, Franz. Die Regina Angelorum in der Kunst des fru\u0308hen Mittelalters. Du\u0308sseldorf: Schwann, 1972.",
"page_number": "p. 256, fig. 1 or p. 55, No. 46",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1978. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1978.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 43",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1978/page/n63"
},
{
"citation": "Muse\u0301e du Louvre, Re\u0301union des muse\u0301es nationaux (France), and Bibliothe\u0300que nationale (France). Byzance: l'art byzantin dans les collections publiques franc\u0327aises : Muse\u0301e du Louvre, 3 novembre 1992-1er fe\u0301vrier 1993. Paris: E\u0301ditions de la Re\u0301union des muse\u0301es nationaux, 1992.",
"page_number": "Cat. No. 159, p. 246-247",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Evans, Helen C., and William D. Wixom. The Glory of Byzantium: Art and Culture of the Middle Byzantine Era, A.D. 843-1261. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1997.",
"page_number": "cat. no. 87, p. 14",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Speyer, Festschr W. \"Byzantinische Elfenbeine aus Westlichen Wekstatten und ihre Rezeption Im 19. Jahrhundert\" Jahrbuch fu\u0308r Antike und Christentum. 28 (June 1998)",
"page_number": "pp. 199-227",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Vasilake\u0304, Maria. Mother of God: Representations of the Virgin in Byzantine Art. Milano: Skira, 2000.",
"page_number": "Cat. No. 19, p. 302-03",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "May, Sally Ruth, Jane Takac, and Barbara J. Bradley. Knockouts: A Pocket Guide. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2001.",
"page_number": "p. 116",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Fisher, Susannah. \"The Tabernacle of the Most High: The Florentine Santa Maria Maggiore Madonna\". Arte Medievale / Istituto Della Enciclopedia Italiana. 07/2 (2007)",
"page_number": "pp. 75-85",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Eikelmann, Renate, Holger A. Klein, Stephen N. Fliegel, and Virginia Brilliant. The Cleveland Museum of Art: Meisterwerke von 300 bis 1550. Mu\u0308nchen: Hirmer, 2007.",
"page_number": "p. 76-77, no. 22",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art, and Holger A. Klein. Sacred Gifts and Worldly Treasures: Medieval Masterworks from the Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland, Ohio: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2007.",
"page_number": "p. 74, cat. no. 19",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Schroeder, Rossitza. \"Revelations in Relief: An Italo-Byzantine Panel with the Virgin and Child.\" The Journal of the Walters Art Museum 68/69 (2010)",
"page_number": "p. 112, fig. 4",
"url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/24412678"
},
{
"citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art, David Franklin, and C. Griffith Mann. Treasures from the Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland, OH: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2012.",
"page_number": "pp. 80-81",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art. The CMA Companion: A Guide to the Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2014.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: P. 259",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Corriveau, Bethany. \"Yearly Traditions Old and New.\u201d Cleveland Art: Cleveland Museum of Art Members Magazine 56, no. 5 (September/October 2016): 29.",
"page_number": "Reproduced and Mentioned: p. 29",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAMM2016-05"
},
{
"citation": "Eliot W Rowlands, \u2018An indefatigable intermediary\u2019: Harold Woodbury Parsons (1882\u20131967) and the formation of the European collections at the Cleveland Museum of Art: part 1, Journal of the History of Collections.",
"page_number": "p. 2",
"url": "https://academic.oup.com/jhc/advance-article/doi/10.1093/jhc/fhz042/5802835"
},
{
"citation": "Rowlands, Eliot W. \"An indefatigable intermediary: Harold Woodbury Parsons (1882-1967) and the formation of the European collections at the Cleveland Museum of Art: part 2.\" Journal of the History of Collections 33, no.1 (2021): 93-109.",
"page_number": "Reproduced p.94, mentioned p. 93-95, 103",
"url": ""
}
],
"url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1925.1293",
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"creditline": "Gift of J. H. Wade",
"image_credit": null,
"sketchfab_id": "2b9cc1056e644660a965657bbdb052b5",
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"legal_status": "accessioned",
"accession_date": "1925-12-30T00:00:00",
"sortable_date": 950,
"date_added_to_oa": null,
"date_text": "950\u20131025",
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"alternate_titles": [
"Plaque: The Virgin and Child\r\n",
"Madonna and Child Enthroned with Angels"
],
"is_highlight": true,
"updated_at": "2026-05-20 22:32:59.307000"
}
}