{
"data": {
"id": 107806,
"accession_number": "1925.443",
"share_license_status": "CC0",
"tombstone": "Hercules Driving Envy from the Temple of the Muses, 1522\u201324. Ugo da Carpi (Italian, c. 1479\u2013c. 1532), after Balthasar Peruzzi (Italian, 1481\u20131536). Chiaroscuro woodcut (in black and gray); sheet: 29.5 x 22.5 cm (11 5/8 x 8 7/8 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift of Ralph King, 1925.443",
"current_location": null,
"title": "Hercules Driving Envy from the Temple of the Muses",
"creation_date": "1522\u201324",
"creation_date_earliest": 1522,
"creation_date_latest": 1524,
"artists_tags": [
"male"
],
"culture": [
"Italy"
],
"technique": "chiaroscuro woodcut (in black and gray)",
"support_materials": [
{
"description": "beige(1) laid paper",
"watermarks": []
}
],
"department": "Prints",
"collection": "PR - Chiaroscuro",
"type": "Print",
"measurements": "Sheet: 29.5 x 22.5 cm (11 5/8 x 8 7/8 in.)",
"dimensions": {
"sheet": {
"height": 0.295,
"height_inch": 11,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.625,
"width": 0.225,
"width_inch": 8,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.875
}
},
"state_of_the_work": "ii/ii",
"edition_of_the_work": null,
"copyright": null,
"inscriptions": [
{
"inscription": "lower left, in block: \u00b7BAL\u00b7SEN\u00b7",
"inscription_translation": null,
"inscription_remark": null,
"sortorder": null
},
{
"inscription": "lower right, in block: PERVGO",
"inscription_translation": null,
"inscription_remark": null,
"sortorder": null
},
{
"inscription": "verso, upper right, in pen and brown ink: 2--6",
"inscription_translation": null,
"inscription_remark": null,
"sortorder": null
},
{
"inscription": "lower right, in graphite: WO / 2119 / V[underlined] L4[?]",
"inscription_translation": null,
"inscription_remark": null,
"sortorder": null
},
{
"inscription": "lower right, pen and brown ink: B[the remainder of the word is illegible]",
"inscription_translation": null,
"inscription_remark": null,
"sortorder": null
},
{
"inscription": "scattered across sheet, graphite and pen and brown ink: [illegible marks]",
"inscription_translation": null,
"inscription_remark": null,
"sortorder": null
}
],
"exhibitions": {
"current": [
{
"id": 309886,
"title": "Printing in Color",
"description": "Printing in Color. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (September 10-November 17, 1985).",
"opening_date": "1985-09-10T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 189312,
"title": "Mannerism: Italian, French, and Netherlandish Prints, 1520-1620",
"description": "Mannerism: Italian, French, and Netherlandish Prints, 1520-1620. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (August 3-October 26, 1997).",
"opening_date": "1997-08-03T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 184690,
"title": "Against the Grain: Woodcuts from the Collection",
"description": "Against the Grain: Woodcuts from the Collection. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (August 17-November 9, 2003).",
"opening_date": "2003-08-17T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 288386,
"title": "Gods and Heroes: Ancient Legends in Renaissance Art",
"description": "Gods and Heroes: Ancient Legends in Renaissance Art. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (August 26-December 31, 2017).",
"opening_date": "2017-08-26T04:00:00"
}
],
"legacy": []
},
"provenance": [
{
"description": "Ralph King [1855-1926], Cleveland Heights, OH",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "?-1925",
"sortorder": 1
},
{
"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "March 24, 1925",
"sortorder": 2
}
],
"find_spot": null,
"related_works": [],
"former_accession_numbers": [],
"did_you_know": "There are two versions of the Hercules Driving Envy from the Temple of the Muses composition. The CMA chiaroscuro woodcut corresponds to version B, in which figures are modeled using less cross-hatching and more highlights in tone blocks.",
"early_education_description": null,
"artlens_description": null,
"description": "The term chiaroscuro combines the Italian words chiaro (light) and scuro (dark). Invented to emulate drawings with light and dark pigments on tinted paper, the printing technique uses multiple woodblocks to layer different tones of color. Here, Ugo da Carpi\u2014the progenitor of the chiaroscuro woodcut in Italy\u2014used two blocks in black and gray on a beige paper.
In this allegory, not linked to a particular myth, Hercules applies his brute force in the service of art and knowledge. Pointing toward the archway, Apollo banishes the vice of Avarice from the Temple of the Muses. A personification of greed, Avarice carries a hoard of treasure in her arms as Hercules, a character of virtuous strength, chases her out. Apollo sits next to the war goddess Athena, identified by her helmet, shield, and spear. Here she represents wisdom, and fulfills a civilizing role as patroness of the arts.",
"external_resources": {
"wikidata": [
"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80055711"
],
"internet_archive": [
"https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1925.443-hercules-driving-env"
]
},
"citations": [
{
"citation": "Goldfarb, Hilliard T. \u201cChiaroscuro Woodcut Technique and Andrea Andreani.\u201d The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 68, no. 9 (November 1981): 307\u2013330.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 310-311, fig. 7",
"url": "http://www.jstor.org/stable/25159744"
}
],
"catalogue_raisonne": "Bartsch 12 (XII.133)",
"url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1925.443",
"images": {
"annotation": null,
"web": {
"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1925.443/1925.443_web.jpg",
"width": "693",
"height": "893",
"filesize": "587035",
"filename": "1925.443_web.jpg"
},
"print": {
"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1925.443/1925.443_print.jpg",
"width": "2637",
"height": "3400",
"filesize": "7373656",
"filename": "1925.443_print.jpg"
},
"full": {
"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1925.443/1925.443_full.tif",
"width": "3832",
"height": "4941",
"filesize": "56836648",
"filename": "1925.443_full.tif"
}
},
"alternate_images": [],
"creditline": "Gift of Ralph King",
"image_credit": null,
"sketchfab_id": null,
"sketchfab_url": null,
"gallery_donor_text": null,
"athena_id": 107806,
"creators": [
{
"id": 4637,
"description": "Ugo da Carpi (Italian, c. 1479\u2013c. 1532)",
"extent": null,
"qualifier": null,
"role": "artist",
"biography": "Born in Carpi (modern-day province of Modena) in ca. 1468/70, Ugo da Carpi was the first Italian chiaroscuro woodcut designer. Active in Venice from around 1509, he produced several woodcuts from small book illustrations to monumental multi-block prints. Concerned with issues relating to authenticity, Ugo usually signed his works, an uncommon practice at that time. In 1516, he petitioned the Venetian Senate for the privilege of having invented the technique of chiaroscuro woodcut. however, it is likely that Ugo developed his method upon seeing earlier German examples. In his prints, Ugo abandoned the traditional cross-hatching manner in favor of the use of tone blocks. In 1516-18, Ugo moved to Rome and executed the majority of his chiaroscuro woodcuts after designs by Raphael and through the intermediary of engravings by Marcantonio Raimondi and Agostino Veneziano. After the sack of Rome in 1527, Ugo settled in Bologna where he collaborated with Parmigianino, before dying in 1532.",
"name_in_original_language": null,
"birth_year": "1479",
"death_year": "1532",
"use_in_caption": true,
"include_extent": false,
"weight": 1
},
{
"id": 4642,
"description": "Balthasar Peruzzi (Italian, 1481\u20131536)",
"extent": null,
"qualifier": "after",
"role": "artist",
"biography": "Baldassarre Peruzzi (1481-1536) was a painter, architect, and a prolific draftsman from Siena. He worked in Rome in contact with Raphael's circle from 1503 until the sack of the city in 1527.",
"name_in_original_language": null,
"birth_year": "1481",
"death_year": "1536",
"use_in_caption": true,
"include_extent": false,
"weight": 2
}
],
"legal_status": "accessioned",
"accession_date": "1925-03-24T00:00:00",
"sortable_date": 1522,
"date_added_to_oa": null,
"date_text": "1522\u201324",
"collapse_artists": false,
"on_loan": false,
"recently_acquired": false,
"record_type": "object",
"conservation_statement": null,
"has_conservation_images": false,
"cover_accession_number": null,
"is_nazi_era_provenance": false,
"impression": null,
"alternate_titles": [],
"is_highlight": false,
"updated_at": "2026-08-21 12:43:13.048000"
}
}