{
"data": {
"id": 108868,
"accession_number": "1926.538",
"share_license_status": "CC0",
"tombstone": "Fragment of a Goat's Head, c. 500\u2013475 BCE. Greece. Limestone; overall: 35 cm (13 3/4 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift of Leonard C. Hanna Jr., 1926.538",
"current_location": null,
"title": "Fragment of a Goat's Head",
"creation_date": "c. 500\u2013475 BCE",
"creation_date_earliest": -505,
"creation_date_latest": -470,
"artists_tags": [],
"culture": [
"Greece"
],
"technique": "limestone",
"support_materials": [],
"department": "Greek and Roman Art",
"collection": "GR - Greek",
"type": "Sculpture",
"measurements": "Overall: 35 cm (13 3/4 in.)",
"dimensions": {
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"height": 0.35,
"height_inch": 13,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.75
}
},
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"copyright": null,
"inscriptions": [],
"exhibitions": {
"current": [
{
"id": 312341,
"title": "The Silver Jubilee Exhibition",
"description": "The Silver Jubilee Exhibition. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (June 23-September 28, 1941).",
"opening_date": "1941-06-23T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 383281,
"title": "Stories from Storage",
"description": "Stories from Storage. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (February 7-May 16, 2021).",
"opening_date": "2021-02-06T05:00:00"
}
],
"legacy": []
},
"provenance": [
{
"description": "Brummer Gallery, New York, NY, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1926-1927",
"sortorder": 2
},
{
"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1927-",
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}
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"did_you_know": "Pan, the goat-headed god, is often called a son of Hermes, but sources disagree.",
"early_education_description": null,
"artlens_description": null,
"description": "Initially identified as a horse head, this fragmentary sculpture, once painted reddish-brown, has a beard, indicating that it depicts a goat. Its large size, however, together with its neck position and unusual round eye, have all prompted questions. Was the head broken from a rearing goat? Or did it represent Pan, the rustic shepherd god often depicted as half-man, half-goat? If Pan, some scholars have connected it with a fifth-century BC Athenian sanctuary erected to thank the god for aid in battle. An alleged provenance near the Athenian Acropolis supported this idea, but scientific tests suggest otherwise.",
"external_resources": {
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"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80000729"
],
"internet_archive": [
"https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1926.538-fragment-of-a-goat-s"
]
},
"citations": [
{
"citation": "The Brummer Gallery Records. Cloisters (Museum), n.d.",
"page_number": "A120",
"url": "https://libmma.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16028coll9/id/1010"
},
{
"citation": "Howard, Rossiter. \"The Head of an Archaic Goat.\" The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 14, no. 3 (1927).",
"page_number": "p. 36",
"url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/25137008"
},
{
"citation": "International Studio (June 1927).",
"page_number": "p. 76",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1928.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 74",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1928/page/n78"
},
{
"citation": "Bieber, Margarete. \"Greek Sculpture in the Cleveland Museum of Art,\" Art in America Vol. 31, No. 3 (July 1943).",
"page_number": "p. 113",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art. In Memoriam: Leonard C. Hanna, Jr. [Catalogue]. 1958.",
"page_number": "no. 222",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1966. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1966.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 20",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1966/page/n44"
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1969. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1969.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 20",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1969/page/n42"
},
{
"citation": "Robinson, Henry S. \"A Greek Head: Animal or Hybrid?\" The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 64, no. 7 (1977): 231-41.",
"page_number": "Illustrated on cover and Figs. 1-5.",
"url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/25159538"
},
{
"citation": "Ridgway, Brunilde Sismondo. The Archaic Style in Greek Sculpture. Princeton University Press, 1977.",
"page_number": "Pp. 162, 180, Fig. 50.",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1978. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1978.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 24",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1978/page/n44"
},
{
"citation": "Walter, Hans. Pans Wiederkehr: der Gott der griechischen Wildnis. Mu\u0308nchen: R. Piper, 1980.",
"page_number": "pp. 60-62, pls. 44-46",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Vermeule, Cornelius C. Greek and Roman Sculpture in America: Masterpieces in Public Collections in the United States and Canada. Malibu, Calif: The J. Paul Getty Museum, 1981.",
"page_number": "P. 36, No. 11.",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Kawami, Trudy S. \"Greek Art and Persian Taste: Some Animal Sculptures from Persepolis.\" American Journal of Archaeology 90, no. 3 (1986): 259-67.",
"page_number": "Mentioned on p. 266, ill. pl. 16, fig. 10.",
"url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/505686"
},
{
"citation": "N. Herz, A.P. Grimanis, H.S. Robinson, D.B. Wenner, and M. Vassilaki-Grimani. \"Science versus Art History: The Cleveland Museum Head of Pan and the Miltiades Marathon Victory Monument,\" in Archaeometry 31.2 (1989): 161-168.",
"page_number": null,
"url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4754.1989.tb01011.x"
},
{
"citation": "Sekunda, Nick. Marathon 490 BC: The First Persian War. Oxford: Osprey, 2002.",
"page_number": "p. 84",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Neumann, Sabine. \"Heiligt\u00fcmer des Pan in Athen und Attika.\" Kolloquiumsband (2016)",
"page_number": null,
"url": null
}
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"creditline": "Gift of Leonard C. Hanna Jr.",
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"alternate_titles": [
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"updated_at": "2026-09-15 22:17:53.098000"
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