{
"data": {
"id": 111807,
"accession_number": "1930.328.1",
"share_license_status": "CC0",
"tombstone": "Dancers and Musicians from Phrygia, 1\u2013100 CE. Pakistan, Gandhara, Buner area, early Kushan period. Schist; overall: 17.1 x 44.5 cm (6 3/4 x 17 1/2 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Dudley P. Allen Fund, 1930.328.1",
"current_location": "242A Ancient India",
"title": "Dancers and Musicians from Phrygia",
"creation_date": "1\u2013100 CE",
"creation_date_earliest": 1,
"creation_date_latest": 100,
"artists_tags": [],
"culture": [
"Pakistan, Gandhara, Buner area, early Kushan period"
],
"technique": "schist",
"support_materials": [],
"department": "Indian and Southeast Asian Art",
"collection": "Indian Art - Kushan, Gandhara",
"type": "Sculpture",
"measurements": "Overall: 17.1 x 44.5 cm (6 3/4 x 17 1/2 in.)",
"dimensions": {
"overall": {
"height": 0.171,
"height_inch": 6,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.75,
"width": 0.445,
"width_inch": 17,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.5
}
},
"state_of_the_work": null,
"edition_of_the_work": null,
"copyright": null,
"inscriptions": [],
"exhibitions": {
"current": [
{
"id": 355338,
"title": "Exhibition of the Month: Music in Art",
"description": "Exhibition of the Month: Music in Art. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (October 2, 1945-February 4, 1946).",
"opening_date": "1945-10-02T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 309889,
"title": "Kushan Sculpture: Images from Early India",
"description": "Kushan Sculpture: Images from Early India. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (November 13, 1985-January 5, 1986).",
"opening_date": "1985-11-13T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 213499,
"title": "Dancing to the Flute: Music and Dance in Indian Art\r\n",
"description": "Dancing to the Flute: Music and Dance in Indian Art\r\n. Art Gallery of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (organizer) (June 12-August 24, 1997).",
"opening_date": "1997-06-12T00:00:00"
}
],
"legacy": []
},
"provenance": [
{
"description": "(Spink & Son, Ltd., London, UK, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "?\u20131930",
"sortorder": 1
},
{
"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1930\u2013",
"sortorder": 2
}
],
"find_spot": null,
"related_works": [],
"former_accession_numbers": [
"1930.328"
],
"did_you_know": "The peaked hats they wear are called \"Phrygian caps.\"",
"early_education_description": null,
"artlens_description": null,
"description": "The distinctive garments worn by the figures on this relief may identify them as people from the ancient region of Phrygia, in present-day central Turkey. They wear baggy tunics with trousers tied at the ankles and peaked caps. Three figures hold their feet and hands in postures of dancing, while a musician plays a stringed instrument similar to a lyre, and a percussionist keeps time on the drum clutched between his legs. The figure at the far right holds up an unidentified object.
This panel has tenons above and below to fit into a structure using no mortar. The scale of this panel suggests that it was installed as a stair riser.",
"external_resources": {
"wikidata": [
"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60778093"
],
"internet_archive": [
"https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1930.328.1-bacchanalian-relief",
"https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1930.328.1-dancers-and-musician"
]
},
"citations": [
{
"citation": "",
"page_number": "",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Hollis, Howard. C. \u201cIndian Sculpture.\u201d The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art, vol. 17, no. 10, 1930, pp. 190\u2013198.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: pp. 190-93; Reproduced: p. 197",
"url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/25137340"
},
{
"citation": "Stites, Raymond S. The Arts and Man. New York: Whittlesey House, 1940.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: fig. 416b, p. 501",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Lyons, Islay, and Harald Ingholt. Gandha\u0304ran Art in Pakistan. [New York]: Pantheon Books, 1957.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: pp. 26, 160, pl. IV, no. 1",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. The Cleveland Museum of Art Handbook. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1958.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: cat. no. 740",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1958/page/n134"
},
{
"citation": "Rosenfield, John M. The Dynastic Arts of the Kushans. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1967.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: fig. 58",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Fabri, Charles Louis. Discovering Indian Sculpture: A Brief History. New Delhi: Affiliated East-West Press, 1970.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 45; Reproduced: pl. 19, p. 31",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Goldman, Bernard. \u201cParthians at Gandh\u0101ra.\u201d East and West, vol. 28, no. 1/4, 1978, pp. 189\u2013202.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: fig. 1, between pp. 200-201",
"url": "www.jstor.org/stable/29756456"
},
{
"citation": "Neils, Jenifer. \u201cThe Twain Shall Meet.\u201d The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art, vol. 72, no. 6, 1985, pp. 326\u2013359.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 335, fig. 14",
"url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/25159914"
},
{
"citation": "Czuma, Stanislaw J., and Rekha Morris. Kushan Sculpture: Images from Early India. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art in cooperation with Indiana University Press, 1985.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: pp. 172-174; Reproduced: cat. no. 87, p. 173",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Masselos, Jim, Jackie Menzies, Pratapaditya Pal, and Reis Wenger Flora. Dancing to the Flute: Music and Dance in Indian Art. Sydney, Australia: Art Gallery of New South Wales, 1997.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: cat. no. 50a, p. 107",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Kurita, Isao \u6817\u7530\u529f. Gandha\u0304ran art [\u30ac\u30f3\u30c0-\u30e9\u7f8e\u8853 = Ganda\u0304ra bijutsu]. Vol. 2. The world of the Buddha [\u4f5b\u9640\u306e\u4e16\u754c = Budda no sekai] To\u0304kyo\u0304: Nigensha, 2003.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: p. 186, figs. 534 & 535",
"url": ""
}
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"creditline": "Dudley P. Allen Fund",
"image_credit": null,
"sketchfab_id": "012c7aea159b4d53808d55ae2b637ac7",
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"date_text": "1\u2013100 CE",
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"is_nazi_era_provenance": false,
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"alternate_titles": [
"Stair Riser Relief",
"Bacchanalian Relief"
],
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"updated_at": "2026-09-14 21:33:43.215000"
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}