{
"data": {
"id": 111818,
"accession_number": "1930.336",
"share_license_status": "CC0",
"tombstone": "Pawing Bull, 500\u2013475 BCE. South Italy, Lucania, Greek. Bronze; overall: 10.6 x 5 cm (4 3/16 x 1 15/16 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Purchase from the J. H. Wade Fund, 1930.336",
"current_location": "102C Greek",
"title": "Pawing Bull",
"creation_date": "500\u2013475 BCE",
"creation_date_earliest": -500,
"creation_date_latest": -475,
"artists_tags": [],
"culture": [
"South Italy, Lucania, Greek"
],
"technique": "bronze",
"support_materials": [],
"department": "Greek and Roman Art",
"collection": "GR - Greek",
"type": "Sculpture",
"measurements": "Overall: 10.6 x 5 cm (4 3/16 x 1 15/16 in.)",
"dimensions": {
"overall": {
"height": 0.106,
"height_inch": 4,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.1875,
"width": 0.05,
"width_inch": 1,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.9375,
"length": 0.182,
"length_inch": 7,
"length_inch_fraction": 0.1875
}
},
"state_of_the_work": null,
"edition_of_the_work": null,
"copyright": null,
"inscriptions": [],
"exhibitions": {
"current": [
{
"id": 312341,
"title": "The Silver Jubilee Exhibition",
"description": "The Silver Jubilee Exhibition. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (June 23-September 28, 1941).",
"opening_date": "1941-06-23T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 300779,
"title": "Juxtapositions",
"description": "Juxtapositions. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (September 11-October 10, 1965).",
"opening_date": "1965-09-11T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 302145,
"title": "Traditions and Revisions: Themes from the History of Sculpture",
"description": "Traditions and Revisions: Themes from the History of Sculpture. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (September 24-November 16, 1975).",
"opening_date": "1975-09-24T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 442557,
"title": "Ancient Art of Greece and Rome",
"description": "Ancient Art of Greece and Rome. Allentown Art Museum, Allentown, PA (organizer) (September 16-December 29, 1979).",
"opening_date": "1979-09-16T04:00:00"
}
],
"legacy": []
},
"provenance": [
{
"description": "Professor Heinrich Bulle, W\u00fcrzburg, Germany",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "Before 1930",
"sortorder": null
},
{
"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH, purchased from Dr. Jacob Hirsch, through Harold Parsons",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1930-",
"sortorder": 2
}
],
"find_spot": null,
"related_works": [],
"former_accession_numbers": [],
"did_you_know": "This solid-cast bronze bull is nearly intact, missing only its tail.",
"early_education_description": null,
"artlens_description": null,
"description": "With its head slightly lowered and right foreleg raised in a pawing motion, this robust bull seems poised for action. The pose closely resembles that of bulls on coins minted at Thurii, a Greek colony in South Italy, but the statuette seems earlier in date and could have other associations. Perhaps the bull once carried the princess Europa, for example, or battled a lion or a hero. Alternatively, it may have stood alone as a small-scale offering, representing the actual bulls sometimes sacrificed to deities.",
"external_resources": {
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],
"internet_archive": [
"https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1930.336-pawing-bull"
]
},
"citations": [
{
"citation": "S. Wunderlich. \"A Statuette of a Bull.\" The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 18, no. 3 (1931): 52-54.",
"page_number": "",
"url": "http://www.jstor.org/stable/25137371"
},
{
"citation": "Jantzen, Ulf. Bronzewerksta\u0308tten in Grossgriechenland und Sizilien. Berlin: W. de Gruyter, 1937.",
"page_number": "Pp. 13, 27, Taf. 9, fig. 38.",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Fraser, A.D. \"The Bronze Bull in Cleveland,\" Humanistic Studies in Honor of John Calvin Metcalf, University of Virginia Studies, vol. 1 (Charlottesville, VA, 1941): 1-11.",
"page_number": "",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Elderkin, G. W. American Journal of Archaeology 46, no. 1 (1942): 149 (review of Fraser 1941). doi:10.2307/499117.",
"page_number": "",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Bieber, Margarete. \"Greek Sculpture in the Cleveland Museum of Art,\" Art in America Vol. 31, No. 3 (July 1943). Pp. 113-114 (Fig. 3), 119.",
"page_number": "",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. The Cleveland Museum of Art Handbook. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1958.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: cat. no. 16",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1958/page/n19"
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1966. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1966.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 22",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1966/page/n46"
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1969. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1969.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 22",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1969/page/n44"
},
{
"citation": "Cooney, John D. \"A Medley of Bulls.\" The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 58, no. 1 (1971): 10-19.",
"page_number": "",
"url": "http://www.jstor.org/stable/25152357"
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1978. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1978.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 24",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1978/page/n44"
},
{
"citation": "Holloway, R. Ross. Art and Coinage in Magna Graecia. Bellinzona [Switzerland]: Edizioni Arte e Moneta, 1978.",
"page_number": "Pp. 55, 129 (ill.).",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Allentown Art Museum, Gloria Ferrari, and Brunilde Sismondo Ridgway. Aspects of Ancient Greece: An Exhibition Organized by the Allentown Art Museum with the Cooperation of Gloria Ferrari Pinney and Brunilde Sismondo Ridgway ... Allentown Art Museum, September 16 Through December 30, 1979. [Allentown, Pa.]: The Museum, 1979.",
"page_number": "Pp. 208-9, cat. 101.",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1991.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 8",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1991/page/n23"
}
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"creditline": "Purchase from the J. H. Wade Fund",
"image_credit": null,
"sketchfab_id": null,
"sketchfab_url": null,
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"athena_id": 111818,
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"legal_status": "accessioned",
"accession_date": "1930-06-19T00:00:00",
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"date_text": "500\u2013475 BCE",
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"alternate_titles": [
"Charging Bull"
],
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"updated_at": "2026-06-17 11:19:43.523000"
}
}