{
"data": {
"id": 114161,
"accession_number": "1933.418",
"share_license_status": "CC0",
"tombstone": "Armored Figure on Horseback (recto); Horse in Front of a Barn (verso), c. 1828. Eug\u00e8ne Delacroix (French, 1798\u20131863). Graphite and brush and brown wash; sheet: 27 x 39.7 cm (10 5/8 x 15 5/8 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Dudley P. Allen Fund, 1933.418",
"current_location": null,
"title": "Armored Figure on Horseback (recto); Horse in Front of a Barn (verso)",
"creation_date": "c. 1828",
"creation_date_earliest": 1823,
"creation_date_latest": 1833,
"artists_tags": [
"male"
],
"culture": [
"France, 19th century"
],
"technique": "graphite and brush and brown wash",
"support_materials": [],
"department": "Drawings",
"collection": "DR - French",
"type": "Drawing",
"measurements": "Sheet: 27 x 39.7 cm (10 5/8 x 15 5/8 in.)",
"dimensions": {
"sheet": {
"height": 0.27,
"height_inch": 10,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.625,
"width": 0.397,
"width_inch": 15,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.625
}
},
"state_of_the_work": null,
"edition_of_the_work": null,
"copyright": null,
"inscriptions": [],
"exhibitions": {
"current": [
{
"id": 361204,
"title": "Exhibition of Drawings from the Museum Collection Supplemented by Loans from Local Collections",
"description": "Exhibition of Drawings from the Museum Collection Supplemented by Loans from Local Collections. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (July 12-September 15, 1935).",
"opening_date": "1935-07-12T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 356272,
"title": "Drawings from the Museum Collection",
"description": "Drawings from the Museum Collection. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (May 28-December 9, 1937).",
"opening_date": "1937-05-28T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 346109,
"title": "Old Master Drawings from the Museum Collection",
"description": "Old Master Drawings from the Museum Collection. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (January 4-March 26, 1939).",
"opening_date": "1939-01-04T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 347233,
"title": "Drawings from the Museum Collection",
"description": "Drawings from the Museum Collection. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (July 11-October 3, 1940).",
"opening_date": "1940-07-11T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 347343,
"title": "Drawings from the Museum Collection",
"description": "Drawings from the Museum Collection. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (March 4-April 27, 1941).",
"opening_date": "1941-03-04T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 312341,
"title": "The Silver Jubilee Exhibition",
"description": "The Silver Jubilee Exhibition. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (June 23-September 28, 1941).",
"opening_date": "1941-06-23T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 312333,
"title": "French Drawings and Watercolors from French Public and Private Collections",
"description": "French Drawings and Watercolors from French Public and Private Collections. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (January 6-February 15, 1942).",
"opening_date": "1942-01-06T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 347490,
"title": "Drawings from the Museum Collection",
"description": "Drawings from the Museum Collection. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (June 17-August 24, 1942).",
"opening_date": "1942-06-17T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 312176,
"title": "19th and 20th Century French Art and Leonard C. Hanna, Jr. Loans",
"description": "19th and 20th Century French Art and Leonard C. Hanna, Jr. Loans. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (June 22-September 1, 1943).",
"opening_date": "1943-06-22T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 361104,
"title": "19th-Century French Drawings",
"description": "19th-Century French Drawings. Fine Arts Museum of San Francisco, Legion of Honor, San Francisco, CA (organizer) (March 8-April 6, 1947).",
"opening_date": "1947-03-08T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 300853,
"title": "Baron Gros, Painter of Battles: The First Romantic Painter",
"description": "Baron Gros, Painter of Battles: The First Romantic Painter. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (March 8-April 15, 1956).",
"opening_date": "1956-03-08T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 301184,
"title": "Department of Prints and Drawings Opening Exhibition",
"description": "Department of Prints and Drawings Opening Exhibition. The Cleveland Museum of Art (organizer) (March 3, 1958-October 11, 1959).",
"opening_date": "1958-03-03T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 360892,
"title": "French Drawings from American Collections: Clouet to Matisse",
"description": "French Drawings from American Collections: Clouet to Matisse. Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen, Rotterdam, Netherlands (July 31-September 28, 1958); Mus\u00e9e de l'Orangerie, Paris, France (October 24, 1958-January 2, 1959); The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, NY (February 3-March 15, 1959).",
"opening_date": "1958-07-31T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 301678,
"title": "Italian and French Drawings",
"description": "Italian and French Drawings. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (October 13, 1959-February 2, 1960).",
"opening_date": "1959-10-13T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 302020,
"title": "Aspects of Drawing",
"description": "Aspects of Drawing. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (January 10-April 2, 1961).",
"opening_date": "1961-01-10T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 302279,
"title": "Water Color",
"description": "Water Color. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (June 6-August 27, 1962).",
"opening_date": "1962-06-06T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 304645,
"title": "Drawings",
"description": "Drawings. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (January 11-September 10, 1963).",
"opening_date": "1963-01-11T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 304644,
"title": "The Graphic Works of Delacroix",
"description": "The Graphic Works of Delacroix. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (September 18-November 3, 1963).",
"opening_date": "1963-09-18T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 304714,
"title": "European Watercolors Through the 18th Century",
"description": "European Watercolors Through the 18th Century. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (January 14-March 22, 1964).",
"opening_date": "1964-01-14T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 350931,
"title": "Drawings: France, Italy, Netherlands",
"description": "Drawings: France, Italy, Netherlands. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (January 1-March 24, 1965).",
"opening_date": "1965-01-01T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 304726,
"title": "French Drawings",
"description": "French Drawings. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (November 16, 1965-February 16, 1966).",
"opening_date": "1965-11-16T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 442448,
"title": "Eugene Delacroix et la Bataille de Nancy (Eugene Delacroix and the Battle of Nancy)",
"description": "Eugene Delacroix et la Bataille de Nancy (Eugene Delacroix and the Battle of Nancy). Mus\u00e9e des Beaux-Arts de Nancy, 5400 Nancy, France (organizer) (November 15, 1978-February 12, 1979).",
"opening_date": "1978-11-15T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 357309,
"title": "Seventeenth-, Eighteenth-, and Early Nineteenth-Century Genre and French Prints and Drawings",
"description": "Seventeenth-, Eighteenth-, and Early Nineteenth-Century Genre and French Prints and Drawings. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (May 31-August 19, 1979).",
"opening_date": "1979-05-31T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 304539,
"title": "Brush Drawings",
"description": "Brush Drawings. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (March 3-May 10, 1981).",
"opening_date": "1981-03-03T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 309584,
"title": "Northern European Drawings from the Cleveland Museum of Art",
"description": "Northern European Drawings from the Cleveland Museum of Art. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (November 16, 1982-January 9, 1983).",
"opening_date": "1982-11-16T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 441997,
"title": "Eugene Delacroix",
"description": "Eugene Delacroix. Kunsthaus Z\u00fcrich, Zurich, Switzerland (organizer) (June 4-August 23, 1987); St\u00e4del Museum, Franfurt am Main, Germany (September 23, 1987-January 4, 1988).",
"opening_date": "1987-06-04T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 310251,
"title": "Rococo, Revolution, Restoration",
"description": "Rococo, Revolution, Restoration. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (July 11-September 24, 1989).",
"opening_date": "1989-07-11T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 311635,
"title": "French Drawings from the Collection",
"description": "French Drawings from the Collection. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (December 13, 1994-March 12, 1995).",
"opening_date": "1994-12-13T05:00:00"
}
],
"legacy": [
{
"description": "Forty Drawings from the Collection. Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (May 21-Dec. 13, 1936).",
"opening_date": "1936-05-21T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "Lace and Drawings from the Museum Collection. Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (Dec. 16, 1936-Jan. 3, 1937).",
"opening_date": "1936-12-16T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "Drawings by Old and Modern Masters from the Collection. Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (June 21-Sep. 30, 1938).",
"opening_date": "1938-06-21T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "Drawings from the Collection. Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (Oct. 28, 1941-before Jan. 6, 1942)",
"opening_date": "1941-10-28T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "Paintings and Drawings from the Collection. Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (Dec. 14, 1943-Jan. 4, 1944).",
"opening_date": "1943-12-14T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "Drawings from the Collection. (Director's Corridor) Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (July 27, 1944-May 14, 1946).",
"opening_date": "1944-07-27T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "Drawings from the Collection. (Director's Corridor) Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (May 14, 1946-Feb. 7, 1947).",
"opening_date": "1946-05-14T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "Drawings from the Collection. Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (rearranged Jan. 21, 1953).",
"opening_date": "1953-01-21T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "\"Gallery List of Drawings\" Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (Mar. 7-Apr. 26, 1962).",
"opening_date": "1962-03-07T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "\"Gallery List of Drawings\" Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (Sep. 19-Nov. 5, 1962).",
"opening_date": "1962-09-19T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "\"Gallery List of Drawings\" Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (Apr. 27, 1972-Feb. 2, 1973).",
"opening_date": "1972-04-27T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "Eug\u00e8ne Delacroix et La Bataille de Nancy. Mus\u00e9e des Beaux Arts, Nancy, France (Nov. 15, 1978-Feb. 12, 1979).",
"opening_date": "1978-11-15T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "Eug\u00e8ne Delacroix: Zeichnungen, Aquarelle, Graphik. Kunsthaus Z\u00fcrich (June 5-Aug. 23, 1987).",
"opening_date": "1987-06-05T00:00:00"
}
]
},
"provenance": [
{
"description": "(Richard Owen [1873-1946], Paris, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "?-1933",
"sortorder": null
},
{
"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "1933-",
"sortorder": 2
}
],
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"description": null,
"external_resources": {
"wikidata": [
"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80006829"
],
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"https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1933.418-armored-figure-on-ho"
]
},
"citations": [
{
"citation": "French Drawings of the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Century: From the Collection of Richard Owen of Paris: October 16th to November 6th. Exh. Cat. New York: Brummer Gallery, 1933.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: no. 59",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "19th-Century French Drawings. Exh. Cat. San Francisco: California Palace of the Legion of Honor, 1947.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: no. 29",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Shoolman, Regina, and Charles E. Slatkin. Six Centuries of French Master Drawings in America. New York: Oxford University Press, 1950.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 132; Reproduced: pl. 74",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. The Cleveland Museum of Art Handbook. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1958.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: cat. no. 599",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1958/page/n112"
},
{
"citation": "French Drawings from American Collections, Clouet to Matisse. Exh. Cat. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1959.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 83, cat. no. 111; Reproduced: pl. 120",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "\"Mostre Musei Gallerie\" Sele Arte, vol. XI (March-April, 1963): 41-49.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 44, fig. 61",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1966. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1966.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 167",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1966/page/n191"
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1969. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1969.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 167",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1969/page/n191"
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1978. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1978.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 206",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1978/page/n226"
},
{
"citation": "Szeemann, Harald. Euge\u0300ne Delacroix: Zeichnungen, Aquarelle, Graphik. Exh. Cat. Zu\u0308rich: Kunsthaus Zu\u0308rich, 1987.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 13; Reproduced: p. 14, fig. 26",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland, Ohio: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1991.",
"page_number": "Reproduced",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Sjo\u0308berg, Yves. Delacroix (798-1863): Chevaux et Fe\u0301lins: Aquarelles, Dessins, Peintures. Paris: Bibliothe\u0300que de l'image, 2011.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 74",
"url": null
}
],
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"creditline": "Dudley P. Allen Fund",
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{
"id": 1658,
"description": "Eug\u00e8ne Delacroix (French, 1798\u20131863)",
"extent": null,
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"role": "artist",
"biography": "Eug\u00e8ne Delacroix studied under history painter Pierre-Narcisse Gu\u00e9rin (1774-1833) and at the \u00c9cole des Beaux-Arts, though he did not succeed in competitions there. He soon befriended romantic painter Th\u00e9odore G\u00e9ricault (1791-1824) and exhibited at his first Salon in 1822 his powerful, moody The Barque of Dante (Mus\u00e9e du Louvre, Paris). In the next Salon, inspired by the recent events in the Greeks' struggle for independence against the Turks, Delacroix showed Scenes from the Massacres at Chios (Mus\u00e9e du Louvre, Paris), a painting whose anti-academic composition, free brushwork, and brilliant color caused hostile critics to accuse the artist of the \"massacre of painting.\" Nevertheless, he was awarded a Salon medal and the state purchased the picture. \r\nAfter the early death of G\u00e9ricault, the young artist became the titular head of the French romantic artistic movement, as much for his innovative technique as his new themes. Widely read and an Anglophile, Delacroix drew frequently from British literature, especially Shakespeare, Byron, and Sir Walter Scott. He also developed a strong interest in orientalist subjects, spurred by the five-month trip to Morocco and southern Spain he took in 1832. He stressed the creative and imaginative elements of painting and opposed the academy for its rote learning and the bourgeoisie for its overly materialistic interests. Delacroix discussed his aesthetic ideas with an ever-expanding circle of writers, musicians, and artists that he frequented, including pianist-composer Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Chopin and writer George Sand. But ultimately he developed a personal conception of beauty that could only be expressed in an individualized manner. \r\nRecent studies have revised the long-standing interpretation of Delacroix as a radical, anticlassical, misunderstood, and unsupported genius. He greatly admired antiquity and the classical authors but insisted on avoiding the narrow or didactic view of them offered by the academies. He may not have emulated classical statuary as sources for his figures, but he did often represent heroic nude figures. For all his insistence on invention, Delacroix retained some sense of documentary reconstruction, for he made numerous studies of costumes and weapons and did other kinds of research before tackling certain subjects. From the beginning and throughout his career, Delacroix received many religious and historical painting commissions, from provincial churches to government buildings, under different rulers and even political systems. His allegorical work Liberty Leading the Barricades (1830-31, Mus\u00e9e du Louvre, Paris) represents the only painting in which the artist referred to a contemporary political event in France, the revolution that overthrew Louis XVIII and the Bourbon monarchy. This, too, was purchased by the state. In 1833 he was asked to decorate with allegories the Salon du Roi of the Palais Bourbon, the seat of the deputies. Their success brought him additional commissions in the same building, such as the library (1838), and then the library in the senate (1841-46), housed in the Palais du Luxembourg. His historical, religious, and allegorical paintings were often criticized by more conservative critics for a lack of decorum, anatomical distortions, too-bright or unnaturalistic color, and free brushwork, but he continued to find work because he was one of the few artists who continued to explore these \"elevated\" genres and had a sure sense of the decorative. \r\nExtremely prolific, Delacroix accomplished a major mural commission for the church of Saint-Sulpice in Paris (1850-63) the year before his death. He was even elected in 1857 to the Acad\u00e9mie des Beaux-Arts, but younger artists consistently regarded him as antiestablishment and a paragon of artistic experimentation. He wrote extensively on art and aesthetic issues, both in his private diaries and for published journals.1\r\n1. Recently, scholars such as Michele Hannoosh, Painting and the Journal of Eugene Delacroix (Princeton, 1995), have examined the content and style of Delacroix's texts for what they might tell about Delacroix the writer as well as the work and creative process of Delacroix the artist.\r\nDelacroix was one of the most innovative and successful painters of the first half of the 19th century. He is known as the last great history painter and his art is the ideal of Romanticism in the visual arts. Delacroix's career is marked by the paradox between the revolutionary and the conventional. He was in conflict with the artist Ingres and was seen as the leading figure of the French Romantic movement; he was famed for undermining the tradition of painting established by David, yet he benefited from official patronage from the beginning of the Restoration (1814-1830) until the Second Empire (1852-1870).",
"name_in_original_language": null,
"birth_year": "1798",
"death_year": "1863",
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}
],
"legal_status": "accessioned",
"accession_date": "1933-12-28T00:00:00",
"sortable_date": 1823,
"date_added_to_oa": null,
"date_text": "c. 1828",
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"updated_at": "2026-05-29 06:00:02.970000"
}
}