{
    "data": {
        "id": 118473,
        "accession_number": "1939.507.b",
        "share_license_status": "CC0",
        "tombstone": "Page from a Qur'an, Sura al-Nisa 4, verses 159\u201360, 1100s. Seljuk Iran. Ink, gold, and colors on paper; overall: 32 x 21.3 cm (12 5/8 x 8 3/8 in.); text area: 23 x 16 cm (9 1/16 x 6 5/16 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Purchase from the J. H. Wade Fund, 1939.507.b",
        "current_location": "116 Islamic",
        "title": "Page from a Qur'an, Sura al-Nisa 4, verses 159\u201360",
        "creation_date": "1100s",
        "creation_date_earliest": 1100,
        "creation_date_latest": 1196,
        "artists_tags": [],
        "culture": [
            "Seljuk Iran"
        ],
        "technique": "ink, gold, and colors on paper",
        "support_materials": [],
        "department": "Islamic Art",
        "collection": "Islamic Art",
        "type": "Manuscript",
        "measurements": "Overall: 32 x 21.3 cm (12 5/8 x 8 3/8 in.); Text area: 23 x 16 cm (9 1/16 x 6 5/16 in.)",
        "dimensions": {
            "overall": {
                "height": 0.32,
                "width": 0.213
            },
            "text area": {
                "height": 0.23,
                "width": 0.16
            }
        },
        "state_of_the_work": null,
        "edition_of_the_work": null,
        "copyright": null,
        "inscriptions": [
            {
                "inscription": "Sura al-Nisa (4: part 159-part 160).\nScript: Eastern Kufi (four lines to a page)",
                "inscription_translation": null,
                "inscription_remark": "The text, from the Sura al-Nissa (the Women), gives the Islamic view of the crucifixion of Christ.",
                "sortorder": null
            }
        ],
        "exhibitions": {
            "current": [
                {
                    "id": 300857,
                    "title": "Art: The International Language",
                    "description": "<i>Art: The International Language</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art (October 2-November 4, 1956).",
                    "opening_date": "1956-10-02T04:00:00"
                },
                {
                    "id": 689123,
                    "title": "Art of the Islamic World (Islamic art rotation)",
                    "description": "<i>Art of the Islamic World (Islamic art rotation)</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (May 24, 2025-May 10, 2026).",
                    "opening_date": "2025-05-24T04:00:00"
                }
            ],
            "legacy": []
        },
        "provenance": [
            {
                "description": "(Heeramaneck Galleries, New York, NY, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art)",
                "citations": [],
                "footnotes": null,
                "date": "?\u20131939",
                "sortorder": 1
            },
            {
                "description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH",
                "citations": [],
                "footnotes": null,
                "date": "1939\u2013",
                "sortorder": 2
            }
        ],
        "find_spot": null,
        "related_works": [],
        "former_accession_numbers": [],
        "did_you_know": "Calligraphers and poets enjoyed higher status than painters and architects in Islamic countries.",
        "description": "Arabic calligraphy, the art of beautiful writing, was elevated above all other art forms in the Islamic world because Allah, or God, revealed the divine word of Islam to the Prophet Muhammad (570\u2013632) in the Arabic language. <br><br>This Qur\u2019an page is considered one of the most splendid examples of Arabic calligraphy. Based on the proportions of Arabic letters, majestic eastern Kufic script features elongated letters with long upstrokes and low strokes swaying to the left. Contours echoing the letters separate the sacred text from the lively arabesque background of foliage in rhythmic patterns. This vertical layout on paper replaces the earlier horizontal format on parchment.",
        "external_resources": {
            "wikidata": [
                "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80013312"
            ],
            "internet_archive": [
                "https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1939.507.b-page-from-a-qur-an-s"
            ]
        },
        "citations": [
            {
                "citation": "Gertsman, Elina and Barbara H. Rosenwein. <em>The Middle Ages in 50 Objects</em>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2018.",
                "page_number": "Mentioned: pp. 26\u201329; Reproduced: p. 27",
                "url": null
            }
        ],
        "url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1939.507.b",
        "images": {
            "annotation": null,
            "web": {
                "url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1939.507.b/1939.507.b_web.jpg",
                "width": "611",
                "height": "893",
                "filesize": "496036",
                "filename": "1939.507.b_web.jpg"
            },
            "print": {
                "url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1939.507.b/1939.507.b_print.jpg",
                "width": "2325",
                "height": "3400",
                "filesize": "7231185",
                "filename": "1939.507.b_print.jpg"
            },
            "full": {
                "url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1939.507.b/1939.507.b_full.tif",
                "width": "4533",
                "height": "6627",
                "filesize": "90150388",
                "filename": "1939.507.b_full.tif"
            }
        },
        "alternate_images": [],
        "creditline": "Purchase from the J. H. Wade Fund",
        "image_credit": null,
        "sketchfab_id": null,
        "sketchfab_url": null,
        "gallery_donor_text": null,
        "athena_id": 118473,
        "creators": [],
        "legal_status": "accessioned",
        "accession_date": "1939-10-25T00:00:00",
        "sortable_date": 1100,
        "date_added_to_oa": null,
        "date_text": "1100s",
        "collapse_artists": false,
        "on_loan": false,
        "recently_acquired": false,
        "record_type": "part",
        "conservation_statement": null,
        "has_conservation_images": false,
        "cover_accession_number": "1939.507",
        "is_nazi_era_provenance": false,
        "impression": null,
        "alternate_titles": [
            "Qur'an Manuscript Folio (verso)"
        ],
        "is_highlight": false,
        "updated_at": "2026-03-27 00:04:36.536000"
    }
}