{
"data": {
"id": 121188,
"accession_number": "1942.1065",
"share_license_status": "CC0",
"tombstone": "Romaine Lacaux, 1864. Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French, 1841\u20131919). Oil on fabric; framed: 106.7 x 89.2 x 8.9 cm (42 x 35 1/8 x 3 1/2 in.); unframed: 81.3 x 65 cm (32 x 25 9/16 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift of the Hanna Fund, 1942.1065",
"current_location": "222 Impressionism & Post-Impressionism",
"title": "Romaine Lacaux",
"creation_date": "1864",
"creation_date_earliest": 1864,
"creation_date_latest": 1864,
"artists_tags": [
"male"
],
"culture": [
"France, 19th century"
],
"technique": "oil on fabric",
"support_materials": [],
"department": "Modern European Painting and Sculpture",
"collection": "Mod Euro - Painting 1800-1960",
"type": "Painting",
"measurements": "Framed: 106.7 x 89.2 x 8.9 cm (42 x 35 1/8 x 3 1/2 in.); Unframed: 81.3 x 65 cm (32 x 25 9/16 in.)",
"dimensions": {
"framed": {
"height": 1.067,
"height_inch": 42,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.0,
"width": 0.892,
"width_inch": 35,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.125,
"depth": 0.089,
"depth_inch": 3,
"depth_inch_fraction": 0.5
},
"unframed": {
"height": 0.813,
"height_inch": 32,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.0,
"width": 0.65,
"width_inch": 25,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.5625
}
},
"state_of_the_work": null,
"edition_of_the_work": null,
"copyright": null,
"inscriptions": [
{
"inscription": "Signed center right: a. renoir / 1864\r\n\r\n",
"inscription_translation": null,
"inscription_remark": null,
"sortorder": null
}
],
"exhibitions": {
"current": [
{
"id": 312176,
"title": "19th and 20th Century French Art and Leonard C. Hanna, Jr. Loans",
"description": "19th and 20th Century French Art and Leonard C. Hanna, Jr. Loans. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (June 22-September 1, 1943).",
"opening_date": "1943-06-22T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 338387,
"title": "Twenty-one Masterpieces by Seven Great Masters",
"description": "Twenty-one Masterpieces by Seven Great Masters. Rosenberg & Co. (organizer) (November 15-December 1, 1948).",
"opening_date": "1948-11-15T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 311952,
"title": "Art, A Means to World Understanding",
"description": "Art, A Means to World Understanding. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (March 16-April 10, 1949).",
"opening_date": "1949-03-16T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 338390,
"title": "A Loan Exhibition of Renoir for the Benefit of the New York Infirmary",
"description": "A Loan Exhibition of Renoir for the Benefit of the New York Infirmary. Wildenstein & Co. (organizer) (March 22-April 29, 1950).",
"opening_date": "1950-03-22T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 311898,
"title": "35th Anniversary Exhibition",
"description": "35th Anniversary Exhibition. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (June 20-September 30, 1951).",
"opening_date": "1951-06-20T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 301477,
"title": "In Memoriam: Leonard C. Hanna, Jr.",
"description": "In Memoriam: Leonard C. Hanna, Jr.. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (March 4-April 7, 1958).",
"opening_date": "1958-03-04T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 338393,
"title": "Youthful Works by Great Artists",
"description": "Youthful Works by Great Artists. Allen Memorial Art Museum, Oberlin, OH (organizer) (March 10-30, 1963).",
"opening_date": "1963-03-10T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 304248,
"title": "Style, Truth and the Portrait",
"description": "Style, Truth and the Portrait. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (October 1-November 19, 1963).",
"opening_date": "1963-10-01T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 338396,
"title": "Renoir",
"description": "Renoir. The Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, IL (organizer) (February 3-April 1, 1973).",
"opening_date": "1973-02-03T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 338409,
"title": "L'Art en France Sours Le Second Empire (Art in France Under the Second Empire)",
"description": "L'Art en France Sours Le Second Empire (Art in France Under the Second Empire). Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia, PA (organizer) (October 1-November 26, 1978); The Detroit Institute of Arts, Detroit, MI (January 28-March 18, 1979); Galeries Nationales du Grand Palais, 75008 Paris, France (May 11-August 13, 1979).",
"opening_date": "1978-10-01T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 343639,
"title": "Renoir",
"description": "Renoir. Hayward Gallery, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (January 30-April 21, 1985); Galeries Nationales du Grand Palais, 75008 Paris, France (May 14-September 2, 1985); Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Boston, MA (October 9, 1985-January 5, 1986).",
"opening_date": "1985-01-30T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 311444,
"title": "Object Lessons: Cleveland Creates an Art Museum",
"description": "Object Lessons: Cleveland Creates an Art Museum. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (June 7-September 8, 1991).",
"opening_date": "1991-06-07T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 338402,
"title": "Les Origines de l'Impressionnisme",
"description": "Les Origines de l'Impressionnisme. Galeries Nationales du Grand Palais, 75008 Paris, France (April 19-August 8, 1994); The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, NY (September 19, 1994-January 8, 1995).",
"opening_date": "1994-04-19T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 211403,
"title": "Renoir's Portraits: Impressions of an Age",
"description": "Renoir's Portraits: Impressions of an Age. National Gallery of Canada (organizer) (June 27-September 14, 1997); The Art Institute of Chicago (October 17, 1997-January 4, 1998); Kimbell Art Museum (February 8-April 26, 1998).",
"opening_date": "1997-06-27T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 216847,
"title": "Faces of Impressionism: Portraits from American Collections",
"description": "Faces of Impressionism: Portraits from American Collections. The Baltimore Museum of Art (organizer) (October 10, 1999-January 30, 2000); Museum of Fine Arts, Houston (March 25-May 7, 2000); The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (May 28-July 30, 2000).",
"opening_date": "1999-10-10T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 207204,
"title": "Manet/Vel\u00e1zquez: The French Taste for Spanish Painting",
"description": "Manet/Vel\u00e1zquez: The French Taste for Spanish Painting. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, NY (organizer) (February 25-June 29, 2003).",
"opening_date": "2003-02-25T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 184132,
"title": "Masterworks from The Phillips Collection",
"description": "Masterworks from The Phillips Collection. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (February 20-May 29, 2005).",
"opening_date": "2005-02-20T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 216824,
"title": "Renoir's Women",
"description": "Renoir's Women. Columbus Museum of Art, Columbus, OH (organizer) (September 23, 2005-January 15, 2006).",
"opening_date": "2005-09-23T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 182153,
"title": "Monet to Dal\u00ed: Modern Masters from the Cleveland Museum of Art",
"description": "Monet to Dal\u00ed: Modern Masters from the Cleveland Museum of Art. Beijing World Art Museum (May 26-August 27, 2006); Mori Art Center (September 16-November 26, 2006); Seoul Art Center, South Korea (December 22, 2006-March 28, 2007); Seoul Olympic Museum of Art, South Korea (April 7-May 20, 2007); Vancouver Art Gallery, Vancouver, Canada (June 9-September 16, 2007); The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (October 21, 2007-January 13, 2008); Frist Art Museum, Nashville, TN (February 15-June 1, 2008); Utah Museum of Fine Arts, Salt Lake City, UT (June 22-September 21, 2008); The Detroit Institute of Arts, Detroit, MI (October 12, 2008-January 18, 2009).",
"opening_date": "2006-05-27T00:00:00"
}
],
"legacy": [
{
"description": "Exposition de la jeunesse vue par les ma\u00eetres fran\u00e7ais et \u00e9trangers du XVIe au XIXe si\u00e8cle. Paris, H\u00f4tel Jean Charpentier, Paris, France (1928.",
"opening_date": "1928-01-01T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "French Art 1200-1900. London, Royal Academy of Arts, London, United Kingdom (1932).",
"opening_date": "1932-01-01T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "Exposition Renoir 1841-1919. Paris, Mus\u00e9e de L'Orangerie, Paris, France (1933).",
"opening_date": "1933-01-01T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "Centennial Loan Exhibition 1841-1941: Renoir. Duveen Galleries, New York, NY (1941).",
"opening_date": "1941-01-01T00:00:00"
}
]
},
"provenance": [
{
"description": "Lacaux family, Paris, France",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": null,
"sortorder": 1
},
{
"description": "Edmond Decap, Paris, France, by descent to Mme. Maruice Barret-Decap",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": null,
"sortorder": 2
},
{
"description": "Mme. Maurice Barret-Decap, Paris, France",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "-1929",
"sortorder": 3
},
{
"description": "(Drouot, Paris, France, December 12, 1929, lot 12, Barret-Decap Sale, sold to Roger Berheim)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1929-1941",
"sortorder": 4
},
{
"description": "(Roger Bernheim, Paris, France, sold to Jacques Seligmann & Co.,)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "by 1941",
"sortorder": 5
},
{
"description": "(Jacques Seligmann & Co., New York, NY, December 2, 1941, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1941-1942",
"sortorder": 6
},
{
"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1942-",
"sortorder": 7
}
],
"find_spot": null,
"related_works": [],
"former_accession_numbers": [],
"did_you_know": "The son of a poor tailor from Limoges, Renoir began his artistic career at age 13 as an apprentice to a porcelain painter.",
"early_education_description": null,
"artlens_description": null,
"description": "This painting may be Renoir's earliest signed canvas. Its sensitive display of color and light communicates an ideal of delicate, youthful beauty. The luminous tones of the background drapery and of the child's white blouse result from the artist's careful observation of reflected light and color on translucent materials. The delicate nuances of color, particularly in the young girl's face, reveal Renoir's previous training as a decorator of porcelain. He painted this portrait, commissioned by the vacationing Lacaux family, during his stay at an artist's colony in the village of Barbizon, near Paris.",
"external_resources": {
"wikidata": [
"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15880875"
],
"internet_archive": [
"https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1942.1065-romaine-lacaux"
]
},
"citations": [
{
"citation": "Revue de l'Art Ancien et Moderne 751 (September/October 1928): cover.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: cover",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Hotel Drouot. \"Auction. December 12, 1929.\" ARTnews 28, no. 7 (16 November, 1929): 11.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 11",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Hotel Drouot. \"Auction. December 12, 1929.\" ARTnews 28, no. 8 (23 November, 1929): 11.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 11",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Imbourg, Pierre. \"The B . . . D . . .Collection.\" Formes; An International Art Review 1 (December 1929): 20-21.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 20-21; reproduced: opp. p. 18",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Royal Academy of Arts (Great Britain). Commemorative Catalogue of the Exhibition of French Art, 1200-1900. London, UK: Oxford University Press, H. Milford, 1933.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 109, no.479",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "\"Noel 1933.\" L'Illustration: Journal Universel (1933): 49.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p.49",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Barnes, Albert C., and Violette De Mazia. The Art of Renoir. New York, NY: Minton, Balch & Co, 1935.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 255",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Florisoone, Michel, Frederic Lees, and Andre\u0301 Gloeckner. Renoir. New York, NY: French and European Publications, Inc, 1938.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 26",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Wilenski, R. H. Modern French Painters. New York, NY: Reynal & Hitchcock, 1940.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 339",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Frankfurter, Alfred M. \"Celebrating Renoir's Centenary: A Bright Galaxy.\" ARTnews 40 (15-30 November 1941): 16-21.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 16-21.",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Francis, Henry S. \"Melle Romaine Lacaux by Renoir.\" The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art XXX, no. 6 (June, 1943): 92-98.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 86",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Richardson, E. P. \"Mlle. Romaine Lacaux by Renoir.\" The Art Quarterly 6, no. 2 (Spring 1943): 150, 156.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 156; reproduced: p. 150",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Davidson, Alfred. \"Cleveland Buys Goya and Renoir Portraits.\" Art Digest 17, no. 17 (1 June 1943): 7.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 7",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "\"Renoir and Goya Meet in Cleveland.\" ARTnews 42, no. 8 (June/July 1943): 35.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p.35",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "ARTnews 42, no. 17 (15-31 January 1944): cover.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: cover",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Paintings in the Cleveland Museum of Art. [Cleveland]: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1945.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 36",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAPaintings1945/page/n44"
},
{
"citation": "Vaudoyer, Jean-Louis. Les impressionnistes de Manet a\u0300 Ce\u0301zanne. Paris, FR: Nouvelles e\u0301ditions franc\u0327aises, 1948.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 50",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Zahar, Marcel. Renoir. New York, NY: Authentic Publications, 1948.",
"page_number": "Figs. 1, 3",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "ARTnews Annual 1948. New York, N.Y.: Newsweek, Inc, 1948.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 75",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Paul Rosenberg & Co. Loan Exhibition of 21 Masterpieces by 7 Great Masters ... for the Benefit of the Public Education Association, November 15th to December 18th, 1948. New York, N.Y.: P. Rosenberg & Co, 1948.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: cat. no. 4",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Pictures on Exhibit 11, no. 3 (December 1948): cover.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: cover",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Catalogue de reproductions en couleurs de la peinture de 1860 a\u0300 ... = Catalogue of colour reproductions of painting from 1860 to ... = Cata\u0301logo de reproducciones en color de la pintura de 1860 a. Paris, FR: Unesco, 1949.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 297",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "ARTnews Annual 1948-1949. New York, N.Y.: Newsweek, Inc, 1949.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 188",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Pach, Walter. Pierre Auguste Renoir. New York, NY: H.N. Abrams, 1950.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 32-33",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Venturi, Lionello. Impressionists and Symbolists: Manet, Degas, Monet, Pissarro, Sisley, Renoir, Cezanne, Seurat, Gauguin, Van Gogh, Toulouse-Lautrec. New York, NY: Scribner, 1950.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 93, fig. 92",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Wildenstein and Company (New York, N.Y.), and Daniel Wildenstein. A Loan Exhibition of Renoir for the Benefit of the New York Infirmary, March 23-April 29, 1950 at Wildenstein. 1950.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: cat. no. 1, Reproduced: frontispiece",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Towndrow, Kenneth Romney. \u201cFrench Painters.\u201d Apollo: The International Magazine for Collectors 55 (February 1952): 43\u201348.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 45",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. The Cleveland Museum of Art Handbook. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1958.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: cat. no. 501",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1958/page/n92"
},
{
"citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art. In Memoriam: Leonard C. Hanna, Jr. Cleveland: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1958.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: no. 72",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Encyclopedia of World Art. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1959.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: vol. 12, p. 162",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Seligman, Germain. Merchants of Art: 1880-1960; Eighty Years of Professional Collecting. New York, NY: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1962.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: pl. 93",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Rostrup, Haavard. \"Studier I Fransk Portraetmaleri: Renoir og Bonnard.\" Meddelelser fra Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek 20 (1963): 1-24.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 8; reproduced: p. 3",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Saisselin, Re\u0301my G. Style, Truth, and the Portrait. [Cleveland]: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1963.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: cat. no. 88.",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Stechow, Wolfgang. \"A Symposium Honoring Professor Wolfgang Stechow : Youthful Works by Great Artists.\" Bulletin / Allen Memorial Art Museum / Allen Memorial Art Museum20.1963, 77-220 : Ill. ; 8 (1963).",
"page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: cat. no. 24",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Henning, Edward B. \"From Turner to Guston.\" Apollo: A Journal of the Arts 78 (December 1963): 184-488.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 484",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Lambourne, Nigel. Renoir: Paintings, Drawings, Lithographs, and Etchings. London, UK: Folio Society, 1965.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: pl. 2",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1966. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1966.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 173",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1966/page/n197"
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1969. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1969.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 173",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1969/page/n197"
},
{
"citation": "Cabanne, Pierre. Renoir. [Paris]: Re\u0301alite\u0301s-Hachette, 1970.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 46-47",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Daulte, Franc\u0327ois. Auguste Renoir: catalogue raisonne\u0301 de l'\u0153uvre peint. Lausanne: Durand-Ruel, 1971.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 33, vol. 1 no. 12",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Fezzi, Elda. L'opera completa di Renoir nel periodo impressionista, 1869-1883. Milano: Rizzoli, 1972.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 89, fig. 7",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Daulte, Franc\u0327ois. Auguste Renoir. Milano, IT: Fratelli Fabbri Editori, 1972.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 74, fig. 1864",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Champa, Kermit Swiler. Studies in Early Impressionism. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1973.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 49, pl. 16, mentioned: p. 34-38",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Renoir, Auguste, and John Maxon. Paintings by Renoir. [Chicago]: Art Institute of Chicago, 1973.",
"page_number": null,
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Kuroe, Mitsuhiko. Renoir. Tokyo, Japan: Shincho-sha, 1974.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: no. 1",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Wheldon, Keith, and Auguste Renoir. Renoir and His Art. London, UK: Hamlyn, 1975.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 12, pl. 4",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Pach, Walter. Auguste Renoir: Leben und Werk. Ko\u0308ln, Germany: Verlag M. DuMont Schauberg, 1976.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 61, pl. 1",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "De Mazia, Violette. \"E Pluribus Unum--Cont'd: Part IV.\" Journal of the Art Department 8, no. 2 (Autumn 1977): 3-42.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 5; reproduced: pl.4",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Callen, Anthea. Renoir. London, UK: Oresko Books,1978.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 7, fig. 1",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1978. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1978.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 215",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1978/page/n235"
},
{
"citation": "Moulin, Jean-Marie. \"The Art of the Second Empire.\" The Magazine Antiques 114, no. 4 (October 1978): 776-783.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 777",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Galeries nationales du Grand Palais (France), Philadelphia Museum of Art, Detroit Institute of Arts, and Re\u0301union des muse\u0301es nationaux (France). L'Art en France sous le Second Empire: [exposition], Grand Palais, 11 mai-13 aou\u0302t 1979. Paris: La Re\u0301union, 1979.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: cat. no. VI, Reproduced: p. 348-9",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Harris, Nathaniel. A Treasury of Impressionism. London, UK: Optimum, 1979.",
"page_number": null,
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Renoir: Hayward Gallery, London, UK, January 30 - April 21, 1985, Galeries nationales du Grand Palais, Paris, FR, May 14 - September 2, 1985, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, MA. October 9 -January 5, 1986. Paris, FR: Re\u0301union des muse\u0301es nationaux, 1985.",
"page_number": "Referenced: cat. no. 1, p. 182, Reproduced: p. 37, 182",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Renoir, Auguste. Renoir: Hayward Gallery, London, 30 January-21 April 1985, Galeries Nationales Du Grand Palais, Paris, 14 May-2 September 1985, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, 9 October 1985-5 January 1986. [London]: Arts Council of Great Britain, 1985.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: cat. no. 1, 37,182",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Tinterow, Gary, and Henri Loyrette. Origins of Impressionism. 1994.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 254-255",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Drucker, Michel. Renoir. Paris, FR: P. Tisne\u0301, 1944.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 25, pl. 2",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Renoir's Portraits: Impressions of an Age (Exhibition), Auguste Renoir, Colin B. Bailey, John Bruce Collins, Linda Nochlin, and Anne Distel. Renoir's Portraits: Impressions of an Age. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1997.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: cat. no. 3, p. 21-23, 94-96, 268",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Johnston, Sona. Faces of Impressionism: Portraits from American Collections. New York, NY : Rizzoli, 1999.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 145, cat. no. 53",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Argencourt, Louise d', and Roger Diederen. Catalogue of Paintings. Pt. 4. European Paintings of the 19th Century. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1974.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: P. 526-529, Vol. II, no. 184",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Joannides, Paul. Renoir: sa vie, son oeuvre. Courbevoie, FR: Soline, 2000.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 19",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Sekai bijutsukan no tabi. To\u0304kyo\u0304, Japan: Sho\u0304gakukan, 2002.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 310",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Tinterow, Gary, Genevie\u0300ve Lacambre, and Deborah L. Rolda\u0301n. Manet/Vela\u0301zquez: The French Taste for Spanish Painting. New York, NY: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2003.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 516, fig. 1.64, p. 64",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Pach, Walter, and Auguste Renoir. Pierre Auguste Renoir. New York, NY: Harry N. Abrams, Publishers, 2003.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 48-49",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Fahy, Everett, Elizabeth E. Barker, and Jayne Wrightsman. The Wrightsman pictures. New York, NY: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2005.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 181",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Dumas, Ann, and John Bruce Collins. Renoir's Women. London, UK: Merrell, 2005.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 41, fig. 26",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Burgess, Margaret B., \"Side by Side\", Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland Art: The Cleveland Museum of Art Members Magazine. Vol. 45 no. 05, May/June 2005",
"page_number": "Mentioned & reproduced: p. 9",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAMM2005-05/page/8"
},
{
"citation": "Kagawa, Kyo\u0304ko. Runowa\u0304ru. To\u0304kyo\u0304, Japan: Sho\u0304gakukan, 2006.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 74",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Dauberville, Guy-Patrice, Michel Dauberville, and Camille Fre\u0301montier-Murphy. Renoir: catalogue raisonne\u0301 des tableaux, pastels, dessins et aquarelles. Paris, FR: E\u0301ditions Bernheim-Jeune, 2007.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 485, fig. 489",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "\"Off the Walls.\" Fine Art Connoisseur 5, no. 5 (September/October 2008):67-71.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 71",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Thomas, Greg M. Impressionist Children: Childhood, Family, and Modern Identity in French Art. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2010.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 9, fig. 10",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art. The CMA Companion: A Guide to the Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2014.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: P. 289",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "\"Auf der Such nach dem Museumparkplatz.\" Weltkunst. 154 (march 2019): 68",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 68",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Arendsee, M., and M. Steinman-Arendsee. \"Take the CAN disability aesthetics tour, at the Cleveland Museum of art.\" CAN Journal (Winter 2019/20): 76-87.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 82",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Robinson, William H. \u201cPortrait of Renoir.\u201d Cleveland Art: Cleveland Museum of Art Members Magazine 61, no. 4 (Fall 2021): 28.",
"page_number": "Reproduced and Mentioned: p. 28",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAMM2021-04"
}
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{
"id": 1765,
"description": "Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French, 1841\u20131919)",
"extent": null,
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"biography": "Renoir's parents, a tailor and a dressmaker, moved their family to Paris in 1844. At age thirteen Renoir apprenticed with the porcelain decorators Levy Fr\u00e8res & Cie. He earned money by painting fans, blinds, and murals for caf\u00e9s. In 1860 he registered to copy Old Master paintings in the Louvre and, the following year, entered the studio of Charles Gleyre (1806-1874), where he met Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Bazille (1841-1870), Monet (q.v.), and Sisley (q.v.). In 1862 he was also accepted at the \u00c9cole des Beaux-Arts. With his friends from Gleyre's studio, he began working en plein air and, during a visit to the forest of Fontainebleau, was introduced to Diaz de la Pe\u00f1a (q.v.). After a failed attempt in 1863, Renoir's first painting was accepted at the Salon of 1864, the same year he painted Cleveland's portrait of Romaine Lacaux. More typical of this early period, however, is the painting Diana the Huntress (1867, National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.), which reveals Courbet's (q.v.) influence. Around 1867 Renoir shared a studio with Bazille and Monet, the latter becoming an important influence on his art. Renoir and Monet's comparable impressionist style during this period is evident in two paintings each made at La grenouill\u00e8re (all four titled La grenouill\u00e8re, 1869: Nationalmuseum, Stockholm, and Pushkin Museum, Moscow [Renoir]; National Gallery, London, and Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York [Monet]),1 a bathing establishment on the Seine. After Renoir's military service during the Franco-Prussian War (1870-71), Monet introduced him to the dealer Durand-Ruel, who began purchasing his works. Renoir's submissions to the Salon were regularly refused, which encouraged him to participate in the first impressionist exhibition in 1874 and the 1875 auction at H\u00f4tel Drouot, where his works were ridiculed by the critics. At the third impressionist exhibition in 1877, he showed Ball at the Moulin de la Galette (1876, Mus\u00e9e d'Orsay, Paris), in which he addressed a subject of modern life, one of his most characteristic impressionist paintings on a grand scale, with a rich pattern of light and shadow. In 1878 he returned to the Salon and became quite successful, establishing his reputation as a portraitist (1878, Mme Charpentier and her Children, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York). He continued to use this official venue for the next several years, declining to exhibit with the impressionists. This decision was partly generated by the fact that his newfound clientele would be more appreciative of his participating in the Salon. He was supported by his patrons, particularly the Charpentiers, owners of a publishing house, whose journal La vie moderne furthered Renoir's reputation. After a trip to North Africa and Italy in 1881, he joined C\u00e9zanne at L'Estaque. Throughout the 1880s and 1890s Renoir traveled extensively through Brittany, Normandy, Provence, and Spain. In the mid-1880s he began to experiment with more linear contours, the application of thinner paint layers, and smoother brush strokes. This so-called Ingresque period, which had a very mixed reception, lasted for about six years. He then reflected upon the achievements of the Old Masters and favored a more fluid style, after which he returned to using broader brush strokes and more vibrant colors. In 1886 he was given a one-man show by Durand-Ruel. By 1900 Renoir was an established artist: he became Chevalier of the Legion of Honor in 1900 and four years later was honored at the Salon d'Automne with a gallery devoted to his works. Beginning in 1912 he suffered from rheumatism and began using a wheelchair, yet he continued to work until the end of his life. He now often stayed in southern France, where he owned property in Cagnes-sur-Mer. Renoir regularly exhibited his works at the Durand-Ruel and Bernheim-Jeune galleries in Paris, as well as elsewhere in Europe and in the United States.",
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"alternate_titles": [
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],
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"updated_at": "2026-08-28 20:31:48.458000"
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}