{
"data": {
"id": 124056,
"accession_number": "1944.61.a",
"share_license_status": "CC0",
"tombstone": "Wine Vessel (Hu) (\u58fa), c. 1000\u2013900 BCE. China, Western Zhou dynasty (c. 1046\u2013771 BCE). Bronze; overall: 46.1 cm (18 1/8 in.); without cover: 41.7 cm (16 7/16 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Purchase from the J. H. Wade Fund, 1944.61.a",
"current_location": "241A Arts of Ancient China",
"title": "Wine Vessel (Hu)",
"title_in_original_language": "\u58fa",
"creation_date": "c. 1000\u2013900 BCE",
"creation_date_earliest": -1000,
"creation_date_latest": -900,
"artists_tags": [],
"culture": [
"China, Western Zhou dynasty (c. 1046\u2013771 BCE)"
],
"technique": "bronze",
"support_materials": [],
"department": "Chinese Art",
"collection": "China - Zhou Dynasty",
"type": "Metalwork",
"measurements": "Overall: 46.1 cm (18 1/8 in.); without cover: 41.7 cm (16 7/16 in.)",
"dimensions": {
"overall": {
"height": 0.461,
"height_inch": 18,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.125
},
"without cover": {
"height": 0.417,
"height_inch": 16,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.4375
}
},
"state_of_the_work": null,
"edition_of_the_work": null,
"copyright": null,
"inscriptions": [],
"exhibitions": {
"current": [],
"legacy": []
},
"provenance": [
{
"description": "Jo\u0308rg Tru\u0308bner [1903\u20131930] acquired in China, to his brother-in-law, Edgar Worch",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "after 1925\u2013by 1930",
"sortorder": 1
},
{
"description": "(Edgar Worch [1880\u20131972], sold to Gustave A. Vou\u0302te)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "c. 1930\u2013?",
"sortorder": 2
},
{
"description": "Gustave A. Vou\u0302te [1886\u20131960], Amsterdam, the Netherlands, and Palo Alto, CA, consigned to Sotheby's New York for sale",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "? after 1930\u20131944",
"sortorder": 3
},
{
"description": "(Sotheby Parke Bernet Inc., New York, NY, March 16\u201317, 1944 sale, lot no. 225)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "March 16\u201317, 1944",
"sortorder": 4
},
{
"description": "(C. T. Loo \u76e7\u82b9\u9f4b [1880\u20131957], Paris, France, and New York, NY, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1944",
"sortorder": 5
},
{
"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1944\u2013",
"sortorder": 6
}
],
"find_spot": null,
"related_works": [],
"former_accession_numbers": [
"1944.61"
],
"did_you_know": "The cylindrical \"handles\" suggest that the vessel was carried by a cord.",
"early_education_description": null,
"artlens_description": null,
"description": "This tall, slender bronze wine vessel, called a hu, has three bands of ornamentation: one above the foot, one around the neck, and one on the cover. Stylized birds or phoenixes are in the band around the neck, while the band on the cover and foot feature geometric dragons. The dragon and the phoenix may represent the Yin and Yang and would be equally appropriate on a bronze of either secular or religious purposes. When inverted, the cover forms a cup. It likely held liquids like wine at festive banquets or religious ceremonies.",
"external_resources": {
"wikidata": [
"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60778424"
],
"internet_archive": [
"https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1944.61.a-wine-vessel-hu"
]
},
"citations": [
{
"citation": "Ku\u0308mmel, Otto. Jo\u0308rg Tru\u0308bner zum Geda\u0308chtnis. Ergebnisse seiner letzten chinesischen Reisen. Berlin: Klinkhardt & Biermann, 1930.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: pl. 18 and 19",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Sotheby Parke Bernet Inc., New York. Oriental Art. March 16\u201317, 1944. Lot 225.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: pp. 46\u201347, lot no. 225",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Hollis, Howard. \u201cA Chinese Bronze Vessel.\u201d The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 32, no. 7 (1945): 139\u2013140, 143.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: pp. 139\u2013140; Reproduced: p. 143",
"url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/25141227"
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. The Cleveland Museum of Art Handbook. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1958.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: cat. no. 802",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1958/page/n142"
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1966. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1966.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 246",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1966/page/n270"
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1969. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1969.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 246",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1969/page/n270"
},
{
"citation": "Chen, Mengjia \u9673\u5922\u5bb6, and Michio Matsumaru \u677e\u4e38\u9053\u96c4. In Shu\u0304 seido\u0304ki bunrui zuroku [\u6bb7\u5468\u9752\u9285\u5668\u5206\u985e\u56f3\u9304 = A corpus of Chinese bronzes in American collections]. To\u0304kyo\u0304: Kyu\u0304ko Shoin, 1977.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: pp. 1000, 1001, no. A694",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1978. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1978.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 326",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1978/page/n346"
}
],
"url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1944.61.a",
"images": {
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],
"creditline": "Purchase from the J. H. Wade Fund",
"image_credit": null,
"sketchfab_id": null,
"sketchfab_url": null,
"gallery_donor_text": null,
"athena_id": 124056,
"creators": [],
"legal_status": "accessioned",
"accession_date": "1944-03-17T00:00:00",
"sortable_date": -1000,
"date_added_to_oa": null,
"date_text": "c. 1000\u2013900 BCE",
"collapse_artists": false,
"on_loan": false,
"recently_acquired": false,
"record_type": "part",
"conservation_statement": null,
"has_conservation_images": false,
"cover_accession_number": "1944.61",
"is_nazi_era_provenance": false,
"impression": null,
"alternate_titles": [
"Covered Hu",
"Elongated Hu: Flask"
],
"is_highlight": false,
"updated_at": "2026-05-29 06:23:39.398000"
}
}