{
"data": {
"id": 124245,
"accession_number": "1945.24",
"share_license_status": "Copyrighted",
"tombstone": "La Vie, 1903. Pablo Picasso (Spanish, 1881\u20131973). Oil on canvas; framed: 239 x 170 x 10 cm (94 1/8 x 66 15/16 x 3 15/16 in.); unframed: 196.5 x 129.2 cm (77 3/8 x 50 7/8 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift of the Hanna Fund, 1945.24. \u00a9 Estate of Pablo Picasso / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York",
"current_location": "223 20th Century Avant-Garde",
"title": "La Vie",
"creation_date": "1903",
"creation_date_earliest": 1903,
"creation_date_latest": 1903,
"artists_tags": [
"Latine and Hispanic Artists",
"male"
],
"culture": [
"Spain"
],
"technique": "oil on canvas",
"support_materials": [],
"department": "Modern European Painting and Sculpture",
"collection": "Mod Euro - Painting 1800-1960",
"type": "Painting",
"measurements": "Framed: 239 x 170 x 10 cm (94 1/8 x 66 15/16 x 3 15/16 in.); Unframed: 196.5 x 129.2 cm (77 3/8 x 50 7/8 in.)",
"dimensions": {
"framed": {
"height": 2.39,
"height_inch": 94,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.125,
"width": 1.7,
"width_inch": 66,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.9375,
"depth": 0.1,
"depth_inch": 3,
"depth_inch_fraction": 0.9375
},
"unframed": {
"height": 1.965,
"height_inch": 77,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.375,
"width": 1.292,
"width_inch": 50,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.875
}
},
"state_of_the_work": null,
"edition_of_the_work": null,
"copyright": "\u00a9 Estate of Pablo Picasso / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York",
"inscriptions": [
{
"inscription": "Signed upper left: \"Picasso\"",
"inscription_translation": null,
"inscription_remark": null,
"sortorder": null
}
],
"exhibitions": {
"current": [
{
"id": 301477,
"title": "In Memoriam: Leonard C. Hanna, Jr.",
"description": "In Memoriam: Leonard C. Hanna, Jr.. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (March 4-April 7, 1958).",
"opening_date": "1958-03-04T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 518205,
"title": "Picasso",
"description": "Picasso. Tate Britain, London (July 5-September 18, 1960).",
"opening_date": "1960-07-05T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 515796,
"title": "Picasso and the Theatre",
"description": "Picasso and the Theatre. Mus\u00e9e des Augustins, Toulouse, France (organizer) (June 22-September 15, 1965).",
"opening_date": "1965-06-22T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 516237,
"title": "Hommage a Pablo Picasso, Peintures",
"description": "Hommage a Pablo Picasso, Peintures. Galeries Nationales du Grand Palais, 75008 Paris, France (November 20, 1966-February 12, 1967).",
"opening_date": "1966-11-20T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 442780,
"title": "Pablo Picasso: A Retrospective",
"description": "Pablo Picasso: A Retrospective. The Museum of Modern Art, New York, NY (organizer) (May 22-September 16, 1980).",
"opening_date": "1980-05-22T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 442184,
"title": "Pablo Picasso",
"description": "Pablo Picasso. The National Museum of Modern Art, Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (organizer) (co-organizer) (April 2-May 29, 1983); Kyoto Municipal Museum of Art, Kyoto, Japan (co-organizer) (June 10-July 24, 1983).",
"opening_date": "1983-04-02T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 442154,
"title": "Pablo Picasso: Fruhwerk und Blaue Periode (Pablo Picasso: Early Work and the Blue Period)",
"description": "Pablo Picasso: Fruhwerk und Blaue Periode (Pablo Picasso: Early Work and the Blue Period). Kunstmuseum Bern, Bern, Switzerland (organizer) (December 6, 1984-February 17, 1985).",
"opening_date": "1984-12-06T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 177096,
"title": "Picasso: The Early Years, 1892-1906",
"description": "Picasso: The Early Years, 1892-1906. National Gallery of Art (organizer) (March 30-July 27, 1997); Museum of Fine Arts, Boston (September 10, 1997-January 4, 1998).",
"opening_date": "1997-03-30T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 218074,
"title": "Picasso: The Artist's Studio",
"description": "Picasso: The Artist's Studio. Wadsworth Atheneum Museum of Art, Hartford, CT (organizer) (June 7-September 23, 2001); The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (October 28, 2001-January 6, 2002).",
"opening_date": "2001-06-07T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 179631,
"title": "CMA Highlights",
"description": "CMA Highlights. The Cleveland Museum of Art (organizer) (June 21-September 11, 2005).",
"opening_date": "2005-06-21T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 182153,
"title": "Monet to Dal\u00ed: Modern Masters from the Cleveland Museum of Art",
"description": "Monet to Dal\u00ed: Modern Masters from the Cleveland Museum of Art. Vancouver Art Gallery, Vancouver, Canada (June 9-September 16, 2007); The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (October 21, 2007-January 13, 2008); Frist Art Museum, Nashville, TN (February 15-June 1, 2008); Utah Museum of Fine Arts, Salt Lake City, UT (June 22-September 21, 2008); The Detroit Institute of Arts, Detroit, MI (October 12, 2008-January 18, 2009).",
"opening_date": "2006-05-27T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 220287,
"title": "Picasso: Tradici\u00f3n y Vanguardia",
"description": "Picasso: Tradici\u00f3n y Vanguardia. Museo Nacional del Prado, Madrid, Spain (organizer) (June 5-September 17, 2006).",
"opening_date": "2006-06-05T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 206339,
"title": "Barcelona & Modernity: Picasso, Gaud\u00ed, Mir\u00f3, Dal\u00ed (1868-1939)",
"description": "Barcelona & Modernity: Picasso, Gaud\u00ed, Mir\u00f3, Dal\u00ed (1868-1939). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (October 15, 2006-January 7, 2007); The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, NY (co-organizer) (March 4-June 3, 2007).",
"opening_date": "2006-10-15T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 200271,
"title": "Picasso and the Mysteries of Life: La Vie",
"description": "Picasso and the Mysteries of Life: La Vie. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (December 12, 2012-April 21, 2013); Museu Picasso, Barcelona, Spain (October 10, 2013-January 19, 2014).",
"opening_date": "2012-12-12T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 218167,
"title": "Lend-Back: Painting the Modern Garden",
"description": "Lend-Back: Painting the Modern Garden. Wadsworth Atheneum Museum of Art, Hartford, CT (organizer) (September 11-December 7, 2015).",
"opening_date": "2015-09-11T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 291274,
"title": "Picasso: Blue and Rose",
"description": "Picasso: Blue and Rose. Mus\u00e9e d'Orsay, Paris, France (organizer) (September 18, 2018-January 6, 2019); Fondation Beyeler, CH-4125 Riehen/Basel, Switzerland (February 3-June 16, 2019).",
"opening_date": "2018-09-18T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 317581,
"title": "Picasso and Paper",
"description": "Picasso and Paper. Royal Academy of Arts, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (organizer) (co-organizer) (January 25-August 2, 2020) https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/exhibition/picasso-and-paper; The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (co-organizer) (December 8, 2024-March 23, 2025).",
"opening_date": "2024-12-08T05:00:00"
}
],
"legacy": [
{
"description": "The Art of the Third Republic: French Painting 1870-1940, Worcester Art Museum, Worcester, MA (February 22 - March 16, 1941).",
"opening_date": "1941-02-22T05:00:00Z"
},
{
"description": "Picasso: Forty Years of His Art, Museum of Modern Art, New York. (November 15, 1939 - January 7, 1940).",
"opening_date": "1939-11-15T05:00:00Z"
},
{
"description": "Picasso, Kunsthaus Z\u00fcrich (September 11-October 30, 1932).",
"opening_date": "1932-09-11T04:00:00Z"
},
{
"description": "Exposition Picasso, Galeries Georges Petit, Paris (June 16-July 30, 1932).",
"opening_date": "1932-06-16T04:00:00Z"
},
{
"description": "Thirty Years of Pablo Picasso, Reid and Lef\u00e8vre Gallery (June 1931).",
"opening_date": "1931-06-01T04:00:00Z"
},
{
"description": "Erste Sonderausstellung in Berlin, Galerien Thannhauser (January 9- mid-February 1927).",
"opening_date": "1927-01-09T05:00:00Z"
}
]
},
"provenance": [
{
"description": "Sebasti\u00e0 Junyent [1865-1908], Barcelona, Spain (acquired from Picasso along with The Old Jews in 1904 for 500 pesetas)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "1904",
"sortorder": 1
},
{
"description": "(Ambroise Vollard, Paris, France)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": null,
"sortorder": 2
},
{
"description": "(Justin K. Thannhauser [1892-1976], Munich/Berlin/Lucerne, acquired by 1926)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "1926",
"sortorder": 3
},
{
"description": "(Reid & Lefevre, London, United Kingdom, by 1931, shared with Thannhauser)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1931",
"sortorder": 4
},
{
"description": "(Etienne Bignou, Paris,France, by 1932, shared with Thannhauser and Reid & Lefevre)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "1932",
"sortorder": 5
},
{
"description": "Rhode Island School of Design, Providence, RI, 1937",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1937",
"sortorder": 6
},
{
"description": "(Theodore Schempp [1904-1988], New York, NY,1944)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "1944",
"sortorder": 7
},
{
"description": "(Jacques Seligmann and Company, New York, NY,1944)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1944-1945",
"sortorder": 8
},
{
"description": "(Jacques Seligmann and Company, New York, NY, 1945 sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "1945",
"sortorder": 9
},
{
"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "1945-",
"sortorder": 10
}
],
"find_spot": null,
"related_works": [],
"former_accession_numbers": [],
"did_you_know": "Picasso began drawing as a child and studying at an art school at age eleven. He later remarked that \"art is a lie that makes us realize the truth.\"",
"description": "The subject of this painting has been interpreted variously as a realistic portrayal of a working-class couple facing the challenges of poverty and as a symbolic representation of the cycle of life, with the infant representing childhood, the couple representing youth, and the draped woman representing age. In 1901, depressed by the suicide of his friend, the poet and painter Carles Casagemas, Pablo Picasso began the melancholic paintings of his Blue Period (1901\u20134). Twenty-one years old and struggling to support himself, he restricted his palette to cool colors suggestive of night, mystery, dreams, and death. His interest in themes of suffering and social alienation culminated in this painting.",
"external_resources": {
"wikidata": [
"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1799228"
],
"internet_archive": []
},
"citations": [
{
"citation": "\"Pablo Ruiz Picasso.\" El Liberal (June 4, 1903): 2.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 2",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Sch\u00fcrer, Oskar. \"Picassos Klassizismus,\" in Die Kunst f\u00fcr Alle, 27 (Munich, April 1926).",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 204.",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "The Arts, 9. no. 2 (February 1927)",
"page_number": "Reproduced frontispiece, p. 60 in bound edition.",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Erste Sonderausstellung in Berlin. Berlin: Galerien Thannhauser, 1927.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 117, cat. 175",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Zervos, Christian. \"Picasso: Oeuvres in\u00e9dites anciennes.\" Cahiers d'art, 3 (1928).",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 109.",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Gaunt, William. \"Picasso and the Cul-de-sac of Modern Painting.\" Atelier 1, no. 3 (June 1931): 410-416.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 411",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Lefevre Gallery. Thirty Years of Pablo Picasso : June 1931. London: Alex. Reid & Lefevre Ltd., 1931.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: cat. 3",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Earp, T.W. \"The Picasso Exhibition.\" Apollo 14, no. 79 (July 1931): 40-42.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 40.",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Exposition Picasso. Paris: Galerie Georges Petit, 1932.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: no. 17.",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Zervos, Christian. Pablo Picasso, Vol. 1: Oeuvres de 1895 \u00e0 1906. Paris: \u00c9ditions Cahiers d'art, 1, 1932.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 179; Reproduced: plate 83",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "George, Waldemar. \"The Picasso Exhibition.\" Formes 25 (May 1932): 268-271.",
"page_number": "Reproduced",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "\"Modern Recognition.\" The Art News 30, no. 39 (August 13, 1932): 8.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: on cover.",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Pablo Picasso : Kleiner Katalog : 11. September Bis 30. Oktober 1932, Kunsthaus Zu\u0308rich. Zu\u0308rich: Kunsthaus, 1932.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p.2. no. 18 (as Das Leben)",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "\"Art Throughout America: Providence: A Newly Acquired Picasso of the Blue Period.\" The Art News 36, no. 11 (December 11, 1937): 16.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 16.",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "\"When Picasso was Blue.\" The Art Digest 12, no. 6 (December 15, 1937): 5.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: p. 5",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Daly, D. \"La Vie, Picasso.\" Bulletin of the Rhode Island School of Design 26, no. 1 (January 1938): 2-3.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 2-3; Reproduced: on cover",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Barr, Alfred H., Jr., Picasso: Forty Years of His Art. New York: Museum of Modern Art, 1939.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: cat. no. 19.",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Worcester Art Museum. The Art of the Third Republic; French Painting 1870-1940. [Worcester, Mass.]: [Printed by the Davis Press], 1941.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: no. 34",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Slatkin, Charles E. The Enjoyment of Art in America: A Survey of the Permanent Collections of Painting, Sculpture, Ceramics, and Decorative Arts in American and Canadian Museums. Philadelphia and New York: J.B. Lippincott Company, 1942.",
"page_number": "",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Paintings in the Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1945.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. [6]",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAPaintings1945/page/n14"
},
{
"citation": "Francis, Henry. \"Picasso's 'La Vie.'\" The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 32, no. 6 (June 1945): 88, 93-94.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 82; Mentioned: p. 88, 93-94",
"url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/25141213"
},
{
"citation": "Barr, Alfred H., Jr., Picasso: Fifty Years of His Art. New York: Museum of Modern Art, 1946.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 26-27",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "M. Knoedler & Co. Picasso Before 1907: Loan Exhibition for the Benefit of The Public Education Association. New York: Knoedler Galleries, 1947.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: cat. 17",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Picasso \"L'atelier:\" Paintings of 1956. Lucerne: Galerie Rosengart, 1957.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 91, no. 25",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. The Cleveland Museum of Art Handbook. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1958.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: cat. no. 521",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1958/page/n96"
},
{
"citation": "In Memoriam: Leonard C. Hanna, Jr. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1958.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: no. 68",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Blunt, Anthony, and Phoebe Pool. Picasso, the Formative Years; a Study of His Sources. [Greenwich]: New York Graphic Society, 1962.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 20-21",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Milhau, Denis. Picasso et Le the\u0301a\u0302tre. Toulouse: Muse\u0301e des Augustins, 1965.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 41-42, cat. 1",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1966. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1966.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 196",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1966/page/n220"
},
{
"citation": "Daix, Pierre, Georges Boudaille, and Joan Rosselet. Picasso, 1900-1906: Catalogue raisonn\u00e9 de l'oeuvre peint. Neuchatel: Ides et Calends, 1966-88.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: 58-60, 64, and 222; Reproduced: p. 222-223, IX.13",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Sutton, Denys and Paolo Lecaldano. The Complete Painting of Picasso: Blue and Rose Periods. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1968.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 94, cat. 89, plate XIII",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1969. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1969.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 195",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1969/page/n219"
},
{
"citation": "Hennig, Edward B. \"Pablo Picasso: Fan, Salt Box, and Melon.\" The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 56, no. 8 (October 1969): 273-286.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 276, fig. 6",
"url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/25152288"
},
{
"citation": "Henning, Edward B. \u201cPablo Picasso: Bouteille, Verre, et Fourchette.\u201d The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 59, no. 7 (September 1972): 195\u2013203.",
"page_number": "MEntioned and reproduced: p. 196-197, fig. 3",
"url": "http://www.jstor.org/stable/25152438"
},
{
"citation": "Penrose, Roland, John Golding, and Daniel Henry Kahnweiler. Picasso, 1881-1973. London: Elek, 1973.",
"page_number": null,
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Reff, Theodore. \"Love and Death in Picasso's Early Work.\" Artforum 11, no. 9 (May 1973): 64-73.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 66, fig. 5",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1978. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1978.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 241",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1978/page/n261"
},
{
"citation": "McCully, Marilyn and Robert McVaugh. \"New Light on Picasso's La Vie.\" The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 65 (February 1978): 67-71.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 67-71; Reproduced: p. 66",
"url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/25159566"
},
{
"citation": "Palau i Fabre, Josep. Picasso, the Early Years, 1881-1907. New York: Rizzoli, 1981.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 339-341, and 541; Reproduce, p. 341, no. 882",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Gedo, Mary Mathews. \"The Archaeology of a Painting: A Visit to the City of the Dead Beneath Picasso's La Vie.\" Arts 56, no. 3 (November 1981): 116-129.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: 116, fig. 1",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Henning, Edward B. \u201cNew Paintings by Four Artists from Britain.\u201d The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 69, no. 10 (December 1982): 311\u2013323.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 320-321, fig. 18",
"url": "http://www.jstor.org/stable/25159795"
},
{
"citation": "Kitaj, R. B., and Timothy Hyman. \"A Return to London.\" Kitaj Paintings, Drawings, Pastels. John Ashebury, Joe Shannon, Jane Livingston, 41. New York, NY: Thames and Hudson, 1983.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 41",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "McCully, Marilyn and Ju\u0308rgen Glaesemer. Der Junge Picasso: Fr\u00fchwerk Und Blaue Periode. Bern: Kunstmuseum, 1984.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p.166-176 and p. 283-293; Reproduce: p. 169, p. 283 and p. 293, kat. 194",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Spies, Werner. Kontinent Picasso: Ausgewa\u0308hlte Aufsa\u0308tze aus zwei Jahrzehnten. Mu\u0308nchen: Prestel, 1988.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 105-106, abb. 105",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Lurie, Ann Tzeutschler, and Bruce F. Miller. \u201cDelacroix\u2019s Abandoned Portrait of Maurice Sand.\u201d The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 76, no. 3 (March 1989): 78\u201387.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 79; Reproduced: p. 82-83, figs. 4, 5",
"url": "http://www.jstor.org/stable/25160065"
},
{
"citation": "Robinson, William H. \"Puvis De Chavannes's Summer and the Symbolist Avant-Garde.\" The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 78, no. 1 (1991): 2-27.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 16",
"url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/25161310"
},
{
"citation": "Boggs, Jean Sutherland, Brigitte Le\u0301al, and Marie-Laure Bernadac. Picasso and Things: The Still Lifes of Picasso. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1992.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: P. 344",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Daix, Pierre. Picasso: Life and Art. New York: Icon Editions, 1993.",
"page_number": null,
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Gedo, Mary Mathews. Looking at Art from the Inside Out : The Psychoiconographic Approach to Modern Art. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994.",
"page_number": "Discussed: p. 87-118; Reproduced, p. 89, fig. 28",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Daix, Pierre. Dictionnaire Picasso. Paris: R. Laffont, 1995.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 628-629, pl. 1",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Asahi Shinbunsha. Pikaso: 20-seiki no kyosho\u0304o. Tokyo: Asahi Shinbunsha, 1995.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: fig. 8",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Chipp, Herschel, Alan Wofsy, and Fernand Mourlot. Picasso's paintings, watercolors, drawings and sculpture: a comprehensive illustrated catalogue, 1885-1973. San Francisco: Alan Wofsy Fine Arts, 1995.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 24, fig. 1903-071",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "McCully, Marilyn and Natasha Staller. Picasso: the Early Years, 1892-1906. Washington, DC: National Gallery of Art, 1997.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 6, 190",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Fukaya, Katsunori. Pikaso ten: kaikan 10-shu\u0304nen kinen (Pablo Picasso: 10th anniversary). Japan: Chu\u0304nichi Shinbunsha, 1998.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 19, no. 11",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Spieler, Reinhard and Hans Belting. Max Beckmann: Bildwelt und Weltbild in den Triptychen. Cologne: DuMont, 1998.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 93, no. 15",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Arnason, H. Harvard and Marla Prather. History of Modern Art: Painting, Sculpture, Architecture, Photography. New York, NY: Harry N. Abrams, 1998.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 165, pl. 87",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Warncke, Carsten-Peter, Ingo F. Walther, and Michael Hulse. Pablo Picasso: 1881-1973. Cologne: Taschen, 1998.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 39",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "M\u00f8rstad, Erik. \"Jung og Picasso - Henderson og Pollock: Jungianismen som billedanalytisk verkt\u00f8y.\" Kunst og Kultur 81, no. 1 (1998): 18-59.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 30; Reproduced, p. 36, ill. 3",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Kosinski, Dorothy M. The Artist and the Camera: Degas to Picasso. Dallas: Dallas Museum of Art, 1999.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 300, fig. 146",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Richardson, John, and Marilyn McCully. A Life of Picasso. New York: Random House, 1991.",
"page_number": "I:269-279.",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Hunter, Sam, John M. Jacobus, and Daniel Wheeler. Modern Art: Painting, Sculpture, Architecture. New York, NY: Harry N. Abrams, 2000",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 134, no. 222",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Picasso: Museo Nacional de Colombia: mayo 13-agosto 11, Bogota\u0301, 2000. Bogota\u0301, Colombia: Museo Nacional de Colombia, 2000.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 139",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Le\u0301al, Brigitte, Christine Piot, and Marie-Laure Bernadac. The Ultimate Picasso. New York, NY: Harry N. Abrams, 2000.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 69, no. 133",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Cox, Neil. Cubism. London: Phaidon, 2000.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 34-35, reproduced: fig. 15",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Solender, Katherine, \"From Peacocks to Picasso\", Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland Art: The Cleveland Museum of Art Members Magazine. Vol. 40 no. 09, November 2000",
"page_number": "Mentioned & reproduced: p. 8-9",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAMM2000-09/page/8"
},
{
"citation": "FitzGerald, Michael C., and William H. Robinson. Picasso: The Artist's Studio. Hartford: Wadsworth Atheneum Museum of Art and Yale University Press, 2001.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 98-99; p. 19, 22, 24, 63-87; Reproduced pp. 62, 98",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Clair, Jean. Picasso E\u0301rotique. Munich: Prestel, 2001.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 91, fig. 5",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "To\u0304kyo\u0304 Sho\u0304ko\u0304 Kaigisho. Kara\u0304 ko\u0304dine\u0304shon no kiso: kara\u0304 ko\u0304dine\u0304ta\u0304 kentei shiken 3-kyu\u0304 ko\u0304shiki tekisuto (Introduction to color coordination). Tokyo: To\u0304kyo\u0304 Sho\u0304ko\u0304 Kaigisho, 2001",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 28",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "May, Sally Ruth, Jane Takac, and Barbara J. Bradley. Knockouts: A Pocket Guide. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2001.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 54-55; Reproduced: p. 54",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Lemoine, Serge. From Puvis De Chavannes to Matisse and Picasso: Toward Modern Art. Milan: Bompiani, 2002.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 41, fig. 19",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Andersen, Wayne V. Picasso's Brothel: Les Demoiselles D'Avignon. New York, NY: Other Press, 2002",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 192, fig. 19",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Oca\u00f1a, Mar\u00eda Teresa. Picasso joven. La Corun\u0303a: Fundacio\u0301n Pedro Barrie\u0301 de la Maza, Conde de Fenosa, 2002.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 72",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Sekai bijutsukan no tabi. Tokyo: Sho\u0304gakukan, 2002.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 310",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Meyer, Richard. Representing the Passions: Histories, Bodies, Visions. Los Angeles: Getty Research Institute, 2003.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 236, fig. 10",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Becht-Jo\u0308rdens, Gereon and Peter Matthias Wehmeier. Picasso und die christliche Ikonographie: Mutterbeziehung und ku\u0308nstlerische Position. Berlin: Reimer, 2003.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: cover and fig. 1",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Senzoku, Nobuyuki. Seiyo\u0304 kaiga meisaku hyakuissen. Tokyo: Sho\u0304gakukan, 2003.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 182, fig.100",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Picasso in Istanbul. Istanbul, Turkey: Sabanci University, Sakip Sabanci Museum, 2005.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 19, fig. 2",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Lara Elizondo, Lupina. Referencias de Picasso en Me\u0301xico: ocho pintores (1900-1950): Angel Za\u0301rraga, Diego Rivera, Carlos Me\u0301rida, Manuel Rodri\u0301guez Lozano, Alfonso Michel, Rufino Tamayo, Francisco Gutie\u0301rrez, Federico Cantu\u0301. Me\u0301xico, DF: Qualitas Compan\u0303i\u0301a de Seguros, 2005.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 53",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Burgess, Margaret, \"The Colorful Mr. Hanna\", Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland Art: The Cleveland Museum of Art Members Magazine. Vol. 45 no. 09, November 2005",
"page_number": "Mentioned & reproduced: 6",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAMM2005-09/page/6"
},
{
"citation": "Berggruen, Olivier and Max Hollein. Picasso und das Theater. Ostfildern, Germany: Hatje Cantz, 2006.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 28, fig. 1",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Adams, Laurie. The Making and Meaning of Art. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2006.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 147, fig. 8.2",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Serraler, Francisco Calvo and Carmen Gime\u0301nez. Picasso : Tradition and Avant-Garde. Madrid: Museo Nacional del Prado; Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofi\u0301a, 2006.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 76-89; Reproduced: p. 77, cat. 1",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Robinson, William H., Jordi Falga\u0300s, and Carmen Belen Lord. Barcelona and Modernity: Picasso, Gaudi\u0301, Miro\u0301, Dali\u0301. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art in association with Yale University Press, 2006.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 135; Reproduced p. 134",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Calvo Serraller, Francisco. Picasso: tradicio\u0301n y vanguardia: gui\u0301a antolo\u0301gica de la exposicio\u0301n, Madrid: Fundacio\u0301n Amigos del Museo del Prado, 2006.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 8-9; Reproduced: p. 9",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Robinson, William H., Laurence Channing, Barbara J. Bradley, and Margaret Burgess. Monet to Dali\u0301: Impressionist and Modern Masterworks from the Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2007.",
"page_number": null,
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Seki, Naoko. Pikaso. Tokyo, Japan: Sho\u0304gakukan, 2006.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 51",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Hall, James. The Sinister Side: How Left-Right Symbolism Shaped Western Art. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2008.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 333, fig.37",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Duchting, Hajo. Pablo Picasso. London: Prestel, 2008.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 6",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Yu\u0304ki, Masako. Pikaso egakareta koi: yattsu no koigokoro de yomitoku pikaso no miryoku. Tokyo: Sho\u0304gakukan, 2008.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 21",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Tinterow, Gary, Susan Alyson Stein, Magdalena Dabrowski, et al. Picasso in the Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2010.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 63, fig. 22.4",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Arnason, H. Harvard and Elizabeth Mansfield. History of Modern Art: Painting, Sculpture, Architecture, Photography. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2010.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 160, no. 8.2",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Giedion, Sigfried, Gotthard Jedlicka, and Piet Meyer. Pablo Picasso in Zu\u0308rich--1932. Bern, Switzerland: Meyer, 2010.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 80, Abb.15",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Cox, Neil. The Picasso Book. London: Tate Publishing, 2010.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 10, fig. 2; Mentioned: p. 273-274",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Galassi, Susan Grace and Marilyn McCully. Picasso's Drawings, 1890-1921: Reinventing Tradition. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2011.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 100, fig. 51",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "The Picasso Project: Picasso's Paintings, Watercolors, Drawings and Sculpture: A Comprehensive Illustrated Catalogue, 1885-1973: The Blue Period, 1902-1904, Barcelona and Paris. San Francisco: Alan Wofsy Fine Arts, 2011.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 124, no. 1903-071",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Robinson, William H. Picasso and the Mysteries of Life: La Vie. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2012.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 31",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Zuffi, Stefano. Colour in Art. Antwerpen, Belgium: Ludion, 2012.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 139",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Treasures of the Cleveland Museum of Art. London: Scala Books, 2012.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 292-293",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Ramon, Artur. Nada es bello sin el azar: quince episodios sobre pintura. Barcelona: Elba, 2012.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 137, fig. 44",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Robinson, William. \"The Mysteries of Life.\" Cleveland Art: Cleveland Museum of Art Members Magazine 52, no. 6 (November/December 2012): 10.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 10",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAMM2012-06/page/n9/mode/2up"
},
{
"citation": "Valle\u0300s, Eduard and Isabel Cendoya. Yo Picasso: self-portraits. Barcelona: Ajuntament de Barcelona, Institut de Cultura: Museu Picasso, 2013.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 80, fig. 6, 7",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Andral, Jean-Louis, Marilyn McCully, Michael Raeburn, et al. Picasso dans la collection Nahmad. Paris: E\u0301ditions Hazan, 2013.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 273-274, fig. 4; Mentioned: p. 419",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Bozal Ferna\u0301ndez, Valeriano. Historia de la pintura y la escultura del siglo XX en Espan\u0303a. Madrid: Machado Grupo de Distribucion, 2013.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 45",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "The Art Newspaper 23, no. 252 (December 2013).",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 32",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Gual, Male\u0301n, Reyes Jime\u0301nez, and William H. Robinson. Journey Through the Blue: La Vie. Barcelona: Museu Picasso, 2013.",
"page_number": "p. 103, cat. no. 20",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Castan\u0303o, Antonia, Maria Teresa Ocan\u0303a, Neil Cox, Brigitte Le\u0301al, Valeriano Bozal Ferna\u0301ndez, Christopher Green. Picasso en el taller. Madrid: Fundaci\u00f3n MAPFRE, Instituto de Cultura, 2014.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 15, fig. 3",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art. The CMA Companion: A Guide to the Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2014.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: P. 294-295",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Steele, Marcia. \"A Life Before La Vie: A recent cleaning of Picasso's masterpiece provided a unique opportunity for further research.\u201d Cleveland Art: Cleveland Museum of Art Members Magazine 54, no. 1 (January/February 2014): 6-7.",
"page_number": "Reproduced and Mentioned: p. 6-7",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAMM2015-06"
},
{
"citation": "Pratesi, Ludovico. \"Le Sfide del Grande Transfiguratore.\" Art e dossier, no. 316 (December 2014).",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 30-35; Reproduced: p. 31",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "\"Avec le Bleu une Histoire qui Dure.\" Beaux arts magazine, no. 368 (Fevrier 2015).",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 52-53; Reproduced: p. 52",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Valle\u0300s, Eduard. Picasso: obra catalana. Barcelona: Enciclop\u00e8dia Catalana, 2015.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 236-237",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Rogla\u0301n, Mark A. Spanish Art in America. Madrid: Ediciones El Viso 2016.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 82",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Mu\u0308ller, Markus. \"The Many Metamorphoses of the Minotaur.\" In Pablo Picasso. Munich: Hirmer, 2016.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 14, fig. 4",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Jones, Caroline A. The Global Work of Art: World's Fairs, Biennials, and the Aesthetics of Experience. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2016.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 58-59, fig. 2.8",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art. Museum Masters: 2016-17 Companion Guide. [Cleveland, Ohio]: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2016.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: P. 46-47",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Kisters, Sandra. The Lure of the Biographical: On the (Self-)Representation of Modern Artists. Amsterdam: Valiz, 2017.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 57, n.171",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Koldehoff, Stefan. \"Marketing Modernism: The Thannhauser Gallery and Its Clients.\" Marketing Van Gogh. Stefan Koldehoff, and Chris Stolwijk, eds., 56-81. Brussels: Mercatorfonds; Amsterdam: Van Gogh Museum, 2017.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 61, fig. 43",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Jime\u0301nez-Blanco, Mari\u0301a Dolores. Antes, Desde y Despue\u0301s del Cubismo: Picasso, Gris, Blanchard, Gargallo y Gonza\u0301lez, y Vuelta a Picasso. Boadilla del Monte (Madrid): Machado Libros, 2017.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 97, fig. 1",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Saragoza, Florence, and Pablo Picasso. Picasso et la maternite\u0301. 2017.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: pp. 22-23",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Rynck, Patrick de and Jon Thompson. Understanding Painting: From Giotto to Warhol. New York: Ludion, distributed by Abrams, 2018.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 237",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Tasseau, Verane, and Jean-Louis Andral. Pablo Picasso en 15 questions. [Vanves] : Hazan, 2018.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: P. 28-31",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Moore, John L., Esther Jun, Clodagh Keogh, William H. Robinson, Danni Shen, Enid Shomer, and Reto Thu\u0308ring. Demise: Rina Banerjee, Esperanza Corte\u0301s, Jae Rhim Lee, Brian Maguire, Paolo Pelosini, Levent Tuncer. 2018, 6.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: pp. 4-6.",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Bernardi, Claire, Stephanie Molins, and E\u0301milia Philippot. Picasso: Bleu et Rose. Vanves: Hazan: M'O, 2018.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: P. 20-21",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Faerna, Jose\u0301 Mari\u0301a. Picasso. Barcelona: Poli\u0301grafa, 2018.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: P. 25",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Lloyd, Christopher. Picasso and the Art of Drawing. London: Modern Art Press, 2018.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 44, fig. 25",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Betard, D. \"Picasso en bleu, en rose et en chefs-d'oeuvre,\" Beaux arts magazine, 411 (Sept. 2018).",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 78-86; Reproduced: p. 81",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Toscano, F. \"Becoming Picasso.\" Modern Painters (Sept. 2018).",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 104-110; Reproduced: p. 107",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "De Micci, L. \"L'alba del Genio e Blu e Rosa.\" Il giornale dell'arte 36, no. 389 (Sept. 2018).",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 39-40",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Toscano, Frank. \"Becoming Picasso: A major exhibition at the Musee d'Orsay looks at six formative years early last century, now known as his Blue and Rose periods.\" Modern painters : a quarterly journal of the fine arts 30, no. 8 (September 2018): 105-110",
"page_number": "Mentioned; p. 107",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Le Bon, Laurent, Claire Bernardi, Stephanie Molins, et al. Picasso, Bleu et Rose. Vanves: Hazan, 2018.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 180-182",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Bouvier, Rapha\u00ebl, ed. Picasso: The Blue and Rose Periods. Riehen/Basel: Fondation Beyeler, 2019.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: P. 118-119; 122-123",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Picasso, Pablo. Bijiasuo: yi wei tian cai de dan sheng = Picasso: Birth of a Genius. \u5317\u4eac\u5e02: \u6587\u5316\u85dd\u8853\u51fa\u7248\u793e, 2019.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: P. 219, 225",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Michael, Cora. \"Gauguin in the the Buckeye and Hoosier States: Portrait of Teuraheimata and its Midwestern Collectors.\" In Paul Gauguin: Teuraheimata a Potoru, a Rediscovery, 11-19. New York: Jill Newhouse Gallery; [Akron, Ohio]: Thomas French Fine Art, 2019.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: P. 14",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Bouvier, Raphae\u0308l. Le Jeune Picasso: Pe\u0301riodes Bleue et Rose. Riehen/Ba\u0302le, Suisse : Fondation Beyler ; Berlin : Hatje Cantz, 2019.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: P. 22, 27",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Berggruen, Olivier. \"Painting as Drama: Picasso's Late Paintings.\" In Picasso: The Late Work: from the Collection of Jacqueline Picasso. Ortrud Westheider, and Michael Philipp, eds. Munich: Prestel, 2019.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: P. 29-31",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Ormiston, Rosalind. Picasso. Munich; London; New York: Prestel, 2020.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: P. 50-51",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Planas, Claustre Raffart. \"Early Works and the Blue Period.\" In Picasso and Paper. William H. Robinson, et al., 62-79. London: Royal Academy of Arts, 2020.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: P. 75, cat. no. 48",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "McCully, Marilyn. \"Picasso in the Studio.\" In Picasso: Painting the Blue Period. Kenneth Brummel, and Susan Behrends Frank, eds., 10-23. New York: DelMonico Books \u00b7 D.A.P.; Toronto, Ontario, Canada: Art Gallery of Ontario, 2021.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: P. 18-19, fig. 16",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Frank, Susan Behrends. \"Chronology.\" In Picasso: Painting the Blue Period. Kenneth Brummel, and Susan Behrends Frank, eds., 294-321. New York: DelMonico Books \u00b7 D.A.P.; Toronto, Ontario, Canada: Art Gallery of Ontario, 2021.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: P. 306-307, fig. 13",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Michels, Stefanie. Leipziger Schule und Kritischer Realismus: die Sammlung Fritz P. Mayer. Mu\u0308nchen: Hirmer, 2022.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: P. 50",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Arn, Jackson. \"From God to 10,000 hours.\" Art in America 110, no.5 (June/July 2022): 42-47",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p.46",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Conzen, Ina. Picasso. Mu\u0308nchen: C.H.Beck, 2023.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: P. 20, fig. 5",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Gue\u0301gan, Ste\u0301phane. Picasso: Les Chefs-d\u2019\u0152uvre. Paris: \u00c9ditions El Viso, 2023.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 2, 67, no. 22",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Lahuerta, Juan Jose\u0301. Being an Artist : Julio Gonz\u00e1lez. Valencia: Institut Valenci\u00e0 d\u2019Art Modern, 2023.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 40-41, fig. 54",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Rafart i Planas, Claustre. Picasso Barcelona: A Cartography. Translated by Jofre Homedes and Mark Waudby. Barcelona, Spain: Museu Picasso, Editorial Tenov, Barcelona City Council, 2023.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 122",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Maldonado, Guitemie. \"Picasso: Trajectoire d'un Geant.\" Dossiers de l'Art 307, no. 4 (2023): 10-27.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: P. 12-13",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "McPherson, Heather. Picturing the Artist's Studio, from Delacroix to Picasso. London: Lund Humphries, 2024.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 101; Reproduced: p. 103, fig. 74",
"url": ""
}
],
"catalogue_raisonne": "Zervos I.179; Sutton/Lecaldano 89; Daix, Boudaille, Rosselet IX.13; Palau i Fabre: 882; PP 1903-071",
"url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1945.24",
"images": {},
"alternate_images": [],
"creditline": "Gift of the Hanna Fund",
"image_credit": null,
"sketchfab_id": null,
"sketchfab_url": null,
"gallery_donor_text": "Michael J. Horvitz Family Gallery",
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{
"id": 2160,
"description": "Pablo Picasso (Spanish, 1881\u20131973)",
"extent": null,
"qualifier": null,
"role": "artist",
"biography": "Pablo Ruiz Picasso (1881-1973), the most prolific and influential artist of the 20th century, shifted the emphasis of art from its traditional concern with beauty toward radical innovation. The son of an art teacher, Picasso demonstrated remarkable talents as a child and entered the royal art academy in Madrid at age sixteen. Less than a year later, he abandoned his studies and soon joined several avant-garde artist and anarchist groups in Barcelona and Paris. After passing through a succession of stylistic periods, most notably the Blue (1901-1904) and Rose (1904-1906) Periods, he collaborated with Georges Braque (1882-1963) in 1908 to invent Cubism, a revolutionary method of restructuring pictorial space. Picasso remained active until his death in 1973. Although his art still appears radical, many of his works are over one hundred years old. Cubism, perhaps the most important development in 20th-century art, was invented around 1908 by Pablo Picasso (1881-1973) and Georges Braque (1882-1963). The most revolutionary aspect of the style was not its obvious emphasis on geometric form; rather, it was the introduction of a radically new approach to configuring pictorial space. Since the Renaissance, artists had used various methods to create the illusion of distant space receding behind the canvas surface. The Cubists rejected that idea and collapsed space by compressing foreground, middle ground, and background into a continuous web of overlapping, intersecting planes. During the 1910s, other painters and sculptors embraced or adapted Cubism to their own ends. This revolutionary approach inspired a host of related movements and continues to influence the visual language of artists, architects, and designers throughout the world.",
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