id: 125104
accession number: 1946.83
share license status: CC0
url: https://clevelandart.org/art/1946.83
updated: 2024-03-26 01:58:04.555000
Frieze of Dancers, c. 1895. Edgar Degas (French, 1834–1917). Oil on fabric; framed: 103 x 233.5 x 7 cm (40 9/16 x 91 15/16 x 2 3/4 in.); unframed: 70 x 200.5 cm (27 9/16 x 78 15/16 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift of the Hanna Fund 1946.83
title: Frieze of Dancers
title in original language:
series:
series in original language:
creation date: c. 1895
creation date earliest: 1890
creation date latest: 1900
current location: 222 Impressionism & Post-Impressionism
creditline: Gift of the Hanna Fund
copyright:
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culture: France, 19th century
technique: oil on fabric
department: Modern European Painting and Sculpture
collection: Mod Euro - Painting 1800-1960
type: Painting
find spot:
catalogue raisonne:
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CREATORS
* Edgar Degas (French, 1834–1917) - artist
Son of a Parisian banker, Edgar Degas enrolled in law school in 1853 following his father's wishes. But he had already shown an interest in art and had also registered to copy at the Louvre. In 1855 he entered the École des Beaux-Arts and became a student of Louis Lamothe (1822-1869), a former pupil of Ingres (q.v.). One year later Degas made the traditional journey to Italy, remaining there for three years. He visited family members in Naples and Florence and attended life classes at the Villa Medici in Rome. A visit to Normandy in 1861 may have introduced him to the racetrack. In Paris he continued to study at the Louvre, where he met Manet (q.v.) in 1862. Apart from his continuous interest in portraiture and history painting, Degas began to pay attention to subjects of modern life. Between 1865 and 1870, he exhibited at the Salon. At the time of the Franco-Prussian War, he enlisted in the artillery, but because of his poor eyesight he served (with Manet) in the infantry. After the war he traveled first to London and, in 1872-73, visited his uncle and brothers who had a cotton business in New Orleans. Degas participated in the first impressionist exhibition of 1874. He continued to exhibit with these artists until 1886 but never completely considered himself a member of the group, preferring to call himself a realist or naturalist. While many of the impressionists painted en plein air, Degas worked with models in his studio and, later in his career, from his imagination. In addition to painting, he experimented often with monotypes, engraving, pastels, sculpture, and photography. He traveled extensively-London, Naples, Spain, Morocco, and Switzerland-but continued to draw his subject matter from modern-day Paris. Other recurring themes would be the female nude and the ballet dancer. After the impressionist exhibition of 1886, Degas no longer participated in group shows. Instead he sold his works to private dealers such as Durand-Ruel and Ambroise Vollard. In the 1890s he began his own art collection, which, besides many works on paper, included paintings by such artists as Ingres, Cézanne (q.v.), Delacroix (q.v.), Gauguin (q.v.), and van Gogh (q.v.). His own art at the time became characterized by broader strokes of paint, charcoal, and pastel and the use of more vibrant colors, partly because of problems with his vision. His failing eyesight and poor health caused him to abandon his pursuit of art during the last years of his life.
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measurements: Framed: 103 x 233.5 x 7 cm (40 9/16 x 91 15/16 x 2 3/4 in.); Unframed: 70 x 200.5 cm (27 9/16 x 78 15/16 in.)
state of the work:
edition of the work:
support materials:
inscriptions:
inscription: Signed in lower right: Degas
translation:
remark:
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CURRENT EXHIBITIONS
title: Exhibition of the Month: Art is Long
opening date: 1948-04-14T05:00:00
Exhibition of the Month: Art is Long. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (April 14-June 7, 1948).
title: Art: The International Language
opening date: 1956-10-02T04:00:00
Art: The International Language. The Cleveland Museum of Art (October 2-November 4, 1956).
title: In Memoriam: Leonard C. Hanna, Jr.
opening date: 1958-03-04T05:00:00
In Memoriam: Leonard C. Hanna, Jr.. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (March 4-April 7, 1958).
title: "Masterpieces" Memorial Exhibition of Adele R. Levy
opening date: 1961-04-06T05:00:00
"Masterpieces" Memorial Exhibition of Adele R. Levy. Wildenstein & Co., New York, NY (April 6-May 7, 1961).
title: Creativity in Art and Science, 1860-1960
opening date: 1987-09-16T04:00:00
Creativity in Art and Science, 1860-1960. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (September 16-November 8, 1987).
title: Degas: Beyond Impressionism
opening date: 1996-05-22T04:00:00
Degas: Beyond Impressionism. The Art Institute of Chicago (September 28, 1996-January 12, 1997).
title: Time Stands Still: Muybridge and the Instantaneous Photography Movement
opening date: 2004-02-15T00:00:00
Time Stands Still: Muybridge and the Instantaneous Photography Movement. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (February 15-May 16, 2004).
title: Masterworks from The Phillips Collection
opening date: 2005-02-20T00:00:00
Masterworks from The Phillips Collection. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (February 20-May 29, 2005).
title: Monet to Dalí: Modern Masters from the Cleveland Museum of Art
opening date: 2006-05-27T00:00:00
Monet to Dalí: Modern Masters from the Cleveland Museum of Art. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (October 21, 2007-January 13, 2008).
title: Edgar Degas: A Strange New Beauty
opening date: 2016-03-22T00:00:00
Edgar Degas: A Strange New Beauty. The Museum of Modern Art, New York, NY (organizer) (March 22-July 24, 2016).
title: Artlens Exhibition 2017
opening date: 2017-06-24T04:00:00
Artlens Exhibition 2017. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (June 24, 2017-May 29, 2019).
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LEGACY EXHIBITIONS
* {'description': 'Degas. Orangerie des Tuileries, Paris, France (1937).', 'opening_date': '1937-01-01T00:00:00'}
* {'description': 'Honderd Jaar Fransche Kunst. Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam, Netherlands (1938).', 'opening_date': '1938-01-01T00:00:00'}
* {'description': 'Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, IL (October 1941-October 1942).', 'opening_date': '1941-10-01T00:00:00'}
* {'description': 'Works by Edgar Degas. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (February 5 to March 9, 1947).', 'opening_date': '1947-02-05T00:00:00'}
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PROVENANCE
(Durand-Ruel, Paris, France, acquired from the artist and sold to Paul Cassier the same day)
date: September 19,1904
footnotes:
citations:
(Paul Cassirer, Berlin Germany, sold to Max Liebermann)
date: November 21, 1904
footnotes:
citations:
Max Liebermann [1847-1935], Berlin, Germany, deposited to the Kunsthaus Zürich
date: 1904-May 9, 1933
footnotes:
citations:
Kunsthaus Zürich, Switzerland
date: 1933-1935
footnotes:
citations:
Kathe Riezler, Max Leibermann's daughter, [1885-1952] Berlin, Germany and New York, NY, by inheritance (on loan to the Art Institute of Chicago, October 1941-October 1942).
date: 1935-1946
footnotes:
citations:
(Paul Rosenberg & Co., New York, NY, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art)
date: -1946
footnotes:
citations:
The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH
date: 1946-
footnotes:
citations:
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fun fact:
digital description:
wall description:
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RELATED WORKS
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CITATIONS
Meier-Graefe, Julius. Degas: ein Beitrag zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der modernen Malerei. München: R. Piper, 1920.
page number: Reproduced: pl. 62
url:
Frances, Henry S. "Degas' Frieze of Dancers entitled Danseuses ajustant leurs chaussons." Bulletin of The Cleveland Museum of Art XXXIII, no. 6 (June, 1946) 87-94.
page number: Reproduced: p. 89-91
url:
Milliken, William M. "Report for the Year 1946." Bulletin of The Cleveland Museum of Art XXXIVI, no. 6 (June, 1947) 127-139.
page number: Mentioned: p. 128
url:
Browse, Lillian. Degas Dancers. London: Faber and Faber, 1949.
page number: Reproduced: no. 115, p. 376
url:
Venturi, Lionello. Impressionists and Symbolists: Manet, Degas, Monet, Pissarro, Sisley, Renoir, Cezanne, Seurat, Gauguin, Van Gogh, Toulouse-Lautrec. New York, NY: Scribner, 1950.
page number: Mentioned: p. 41-42; Reproduced: fig. 36
url:
Cleveland Museum of Art, “Cleveland Owned Paintings Will Go to France,” April 20, 1955, Cleveland Museum of Art Archives.
page number:
url: https://archive.org/details/cmapr4556
Cabanne, Pierre. Edgar Degas. Paris: Editions Pierre Tisné, 1957.
page number: Reproduced: pl. 124
url:
The Cleveland Museum of Art. The Cleveland Museum of Art Handbook. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1958.
page number: Mentioned and Reproduced: cat. no. 506
url: https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1958/page/n93
The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1966. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1966.
page number: Reproduced: p. 173
url: https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1966/page/n197
The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1969. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1969.
page number: Reproduced: p. 173
url: https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1969/page/n197
Russoli, Franco and Fiorella Minervino. L'opera completa di Degas. Milan: Rizzoli, 1970.
page number: Reproduced: no. 1093, Mentioned: p. 1893-1898
url:
Hüttinger, Eduard. Degas. New York, NY: Crown Publishers, 1988.
page number: Reproduced: p. 90
url:
The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1978. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1978.
page number: Reproduced: p. 214
url: https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1978/page/n234
Ikegami, Chūji Ikegami. Doga. Tokyo: Kōdansha, 1980.
page number: Reproduced: pl. 49; Mentioned: p. 121
url:
Roberts, Keith and Helen Langdon. Degas. Oxford, United Kingdom: Phaidon, 1982.
page number: Reproduced: fig. 37
url:
Vaizey, Marina. The Artist As Photographer. London: Sidgwick & Jackson, 1982.
page number: Reproduced: fig. 29
url:
Shackelford, George T. M. Degas, the Dancers. Washington, DC: National Gallery of Art, 1984.
page number: Reproduced: p. 105-106
url:
Larson, Dean M. Studying with the Masters: Lessons from Rubens, Velázquez, Turner, Degas, Monet, Sargent, Matisse. New York, NY: Watson-Guptill Publications, 1986.
page number: Reproduced: p. 65
url:
Sutton, Denys. Edgar Degas, Life and Work. New York, NY: Rizzoli, 1986.
page number: Mentioned: p. 183; Reproduced: p. 192
url:
Kendall, Richard. Degas by Himself: Drawings, Prints, Paintings, Writings. London: Macdonald Orbis, 1987.
page number: Reproduced: p. 266-267
url:
Thomson, Richard. The Private Degas. New York, NY: Thames and Hudson, 1987
page number: Reproduced: p. 86-87
url:
Henning, Edward B. Creativity in Art and Science, 1860-1960. [Cleveland, Ohio]: Published by the Cleveland Museum of Art in cooperation with Indiana University Press, 1987.
page number: Mentioned and reproduced: P. 99, no. 6
url:
Loyrette, Henri. Degas. Paris: Fayard, 1991.
page number:
url:
Eberle, Matthias. Max Liebermann, 1847-1935: Werkverzeichnis der Gemälde und Ölstudien. München: Hirmer, 1995.
page number: Reproduced: p. 542
url:
Natter, Tobias G.and Julius H. Schoeps. Max Liebermann und die französischen Impressionisten. Düsseldorf: DuMont, 1997.
page number: Reproduced: p. 24, 203-294; Mentioned, p. 224, 239, 240, 252
url:
Bilski, Emily D. Berlin Metropolis: Jews and the New Culture, 1890-1918. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1999.
page number: Reproduced: fig. 21, p. 35
url:
Louise d'Argencourt, Roger Diederen, Alisa Luxenberg, Patrick Noon, William H. Robinson, Ann Tzeutschler Lurie. European Paintings of the 19th Century. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art 1999.
page number: I:218-221.
url:
Rubin, Susan Goldman. Degas and the Dance: The Painter and the Petits Rats, Perfecting Their Art. New York, NY: Harry Abrams, 2002.
page number: Reproduced: p. 2-3
url:
Burgess, Margaret, "The Colorful Mr. Hanna", Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland Art: The Cleveland Museum of Art Members Magazine. Vol. 45 no. 09, November 2005
page number: Mentioned & reproduced: p. 5
url: https://archive.org/details/CMAMM2005-09/page/4
Rosenblum, Naomi. A World History of Photography. New York, NY: Abbeville Press Publishers, 2007.
page number: Reproduced: p. 255, fig. 301
url:
Echte, Bernhard, and Petra Cordioli. Kunstsalon Bruno & Paul Cassirer: die Ausstellungen 1898-1901. Wädenswil, Switzerland: Nimbus, Kunst und Bücher, 2011.
page number: Mentioned: vol 5, p. 564-565
url:
Kostenevich, A. G. Impressionism: Sensation & Inspiration: Highlights from the Hermitage. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Museumshop Hermitage Amsterdam, 2012.
page number: Reproduced: p. 88
url:
Treasures of the Cleveland Museum of Art. London: Scala Books, 2012.
page number: Reproduced: p. 278-279
url:
Faass, Martin, and Annegret Janda. Verlorene Schätze: die Kunstsammlung von Max Liebermann. Berlin: Liebermann-Villa am Wannsee: Nicolai, 2013.
page number: Mentioned: p. 23; Reproduced: p. 131, fig. 41
url:
Cleveland Museum of Art. The CMA Companion: A Guide to the Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2014.
page number: Mentioned and reproduced: P. 293
url:
DeVonyar, Jill. "Frieze of Dancers." In Degas: A Strange New Beauty. Jodi Hauptman, 202-226. New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 2016.
page number: Reproduced: p. 202-203, fig. 153
url:
Bonafoux, Pascal. Les 100 tableaux qui racontent Degas. Vanves: Chêne, 2017.
page number: Reproduced: p. 170-171
url:
Barbe-Gall, Françoise, and Edgar Degas. Pourquoi Degas est Degas. Paris: Éditions Le Deuxième Horizon, 2019.
page number: Mentioned and reproduced: pp. 84-85
url:
Arendsee, M., and M. Steinman-Arendsee. "Take the CAN disability aesthetics tour, at the Cleveland Museum of Art." CAN Journal (Winter 2019/20): 76-87.
page number: Mentioned: p. 81
url:
Degas, Edgar, Adriano Pedrosa, Fernando Oliva, and Sofia Borges. Degas: Dance, Politics and Society. 2021, 196-197.
page number: Reproduced: pp. 196-197, fig. 136.
url:
Kisiel, Marine. La Peinture Impressionniste et la Décoration. Paris: Le Passage, 2021.
page number: Mentioned: P. 228; Reproduced: P. 230-231, ill. 214
url:
Paintings in the Cleveland Museum of Art: Picture Book No. 4 . [Cleveland]: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1952.
page number: Reproduced: p. 36, 38
url: https://archive.org/details/CMAPaintings1952
Salsbury, Britany. “Reconsidering Degas: Common themes in depicting women's labor.” Cleveland Art: Cleveland Museum of Art Members Magazine vol. 63, no. 4 (2023): 8-9.
page number: Reproduced and Mentioned: P. 8.
url:
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IMAGES
web: https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1946.83/1946.83_web.jpg
print: https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1946.83/1946.83_print.jpg
full: https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1946.83/1946.83_full.tif