{
"data": {
"id": 133087,
"accession_number": "1955.49.7",
"share_license_status": "CC0",
"tombstone": "Folio 348 from a Gandavyuha-sutra (Scripture of the Supreme Array): Bodhisattva Manjushri with two forms of Avalokiteshvara (recto); Bodhisattva Samantabhadra purifies the path to enlightenment, with Manjushri (verso), 1000\u20131100s. Nepal. Gum tempera and ink on palm leaf; average: 4.2 x 52.4 cm (1 5/8 x 20 5/8 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Purchase from the J. H. Wade Fund, 1955.49.7",
"current_location": null,
"title": "Folio 348 from a Gandavyuha-sutra (Scripture of the Supreme Array): Bodhisattva Manjushri with two forms of Avalokiteshvara (recto); Bodhisattva Samantabhadra purifies the path to enlightenment, with Manjushri (verso)",
"creation_date": "1000\u20131100s",
"creation_date_earliest": 1000,
"creation_date_latest": 1199,
"artists_tags": [],
"culture": [
"Nepal"
],
"technique": "gum tempera and ink on palm leaf",
"support_materials": [],
"department": "Indian and Southeast Asian Art",
"collection": "Indian Art",
"type": "Painting",
"measurements": "Average: 4.2 x 52.4 cm (1 5/8 x 20 5/8 in.)",
"dimensions": {
"average": {
"height": 0.042,
"height_inch": 1,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.625,
"width": 0.524,
"width_inch": 20,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.625
}
},
"state_of_the_work": null,
"edition_of_the_work": null,
"copyright": null,
"inscriptions": [
{
"inscription": ">> dharmamukh\u0101nyavakr\u0101nt\u0101nyabh\u016bvan n\u0101n\u0101nayai\u1e25 //\n\natha khalu samantabhadro bodhisattvo mah\u0101sattva\u1e25 sudhana\u1e43 \u015bre\u1e63\u1e6dhid\u0101rakametadavocat - d\u1e5b\u1e63\u1e6da\u1e43 te kulaputra mama vikurvitam? \u0101ha - d\u1e5b\u1e63\u1e6dam\u0101rya / api tu tath\u0101gata\u1e25 praj\u0101nan praj\u0101n\u012by\u0101tt\u0101vadacintyamida\u1e43 vikurvitam / so 'vocat - aha\u1e43 kulaputra anabhil\u0101py\u0101nabhil\u0101pyabuddhak\u1e63etraparam\u0101\u1e47uraja\u1e25sam\u0101n kalp\u0101n vicarita\u1e25 sarvaj\u00f1at\u0101cittamabhila\u1e63am\u0101\u1e47a\u1e25 / ekaikasmi\u1e43\u015bca mah\u0101kalpe 'nabhil\u0101py\u0101nabhil\u0101pyabuddhak\u1e63etraparam\u0101\u1e47uraja\u1e25sam\u0101stath\u0101gat\u0101 \u0101r\u0101git\u0101 bodhicitta\u1e43 pari\u015bodhayat\u0101 / ekaikasmi\u1e43\u015bca mah\u0101kalpe sarvaty\u0101gasam\u0101yukt\u0101\u1e25 sarvalokavighu\u1e63\u1e6d\u0101 mah\u0101yaj\u00f1\u0101 ya\u1e63\u1e6d\u0101\u1e25 / sarvasattvapratip\u0101dan\u0101 sarvaj\u00f1at\u0101pu\u1e47yasa\u1e43bh\u0101rat\u0101 / ekaikasmi\u1e43\u015bca mah\u0101kalpe anabhil\u0101py\u0101nabhil\u0101pyabuddhak\u1e63etraparam\u0101\u1e47uraja\u1e25sam\u0101sty\u0101g\u0101 (Gv 426) mah\u0101ty\u0101g\u0101\u1e25 k\u1e5bt\u0101\u1e25, atyarthaty\u0101g\u0101\u1e25 k\u1e5bt\u0101\u1e25 sarvaj\u00f1at\u0101dharm\u0101nabhipr\u0101rthayat\u0101 param\u0101\u1e47uraja\u1e25sam\u0101stath\u0101gat\u0101\u1e25 parame\u015bvarabh\u016btena satk\u1e5bt\u0101 guruk\u1e5bt\u0101 m\u0101nit\u0101\u1e25 p\u016bjit\u0101\u1e25, c\u012bvarapi\u1e47\u1e0dap\u0101ta\u015bayan\u0101sanagl\u0101napratyayabhai\u1e63ajyapari\u1e63k\u0101rai\u1e25 pratip\u0101dit\u0101\u1e25 / te\u1e63\u0101\u1e43 ca asmi\u1e43stath\u0101gat\u0101n\u0101\u1e43 \u015b\u0101sane pravrajit\u0101 sarvabuddh\u0101nu\u015b\u0101san\u012b\u1e63u pratipanna\u1e25 \u015b\u0101sana\u1e43 ca me te\u1e63\u0101\u1e43 sa\u1e43dh\u0101ritam //\n\nn\u0101bhij\u0101n\u0101mi kulaputra t\u0101vadbhi\u1e25 kalpasamudrerekacittotp\u0101damapi tath\u0101ga\u015b\u0101sane vilopamutp\u0101dayitu\u1e43 n\u0101bhij\u0101n\u0101mi / t\u0101vadbhi\u1e25 kalpasamudrairekacittotp\u0101damapi pratighasahagatamutp\u0101dayitum\u0101tmagrahacitta\u1e43 v\u0101 \u0101tmagrahaparigrahacitta\u1e43 v\u0101 \u0101tmaparan\u0101n\u0101tvacitta\u1e43 v\u0101 bodhim\u0101rgaviprav\u0101sacitta\u1e43 v\u0101 sa\u1e43s\u0101rasa\u1e43v\u0101saparikhedacitta\u1e43 v\u0101 aval\u012bnacitta\u1e43 v\u0101 \u0101vara\u1e47asa\u1e43mohacitta\u1e43 v\u0101 utp\u0101dayitumanyatra apar\u0101jitaj\u00f1\u0101naduryodhanagarbhabodhicitt\u0101t sarvaj\u00f1at\u0101sa\u1e43bh\u0101re\u1e63u / iti hi kulaputra sarvakalpas\u0101gar\u0101\u1e25 k\u1e63aya\u1e43 vrajeyu\u1e25 t\u0101nnirdi\u015bato ye mama p\u016brvayogasa\u1e43buddhak\u1e63etrapari\u015buddhiprayog\u0101\u1e25, ye mama mah\u0101karu\u1e47\u0101pratilabdhacittasya sarvaparitr\u0101\u1e47aparip\u0101canapari\u015bodhanaprayog\u0101\u1e25 / eva\u1e43 ye buddhap\u016bjopasth\u0101naprayog\u0101\u1e25, ye saddharmaparye\u1e63\u1e6dihetorguru\u015bu\u015br\u016b\u1e63\u0101prayog\u0101\u1e25, ye saddharmaparigrahahetor\u0101tmabh\u0101vaparity\u0101gaprayog\u0101\u1e25, ye saddharm\u0101rak\u1e63a\u1e47anid\u0101n\u0101\u1e25 svaj\u012bvitaparity\u0101gaprayog\u0101\u1e25, t\u0101vadbhyo me kulaputra dharmasamudrebhyo na ki\u1e43cidekapadavya\u00f1janamapi yanna cakravartir\u0101jyaparity\u0101gena kr\u012btam, yann\u0101sti sarv\u0101stiparity\u0101gena kr\u012bta\u1e43 sarvasattvaparitr\u0101\u1e47aprayuktena svasa\u1e43taticittanidhyaptiprayuktena abhimukhaparadharmasa\u1e43pr\u0101pa\u1e47aprayuktena sarvalaukikaj\u00f1\u0101n\u0101lokaprabh\u0101van\u0101prayuktena sarvalokottaraj\u00f1\u0101naprabh\u0101van\u0101prayuktena sarvasattvasa\u1e43s\u0101rasukhasa\u1e43jananaprayuktena sarvatath\u0101gatagu\u1e47asa\u1e43var\u1e47anagu\u1e47aprayuktena / evamanabhil\u0101py\u0101nabhil\u0101pyabuddhak\u1e63etraparam\u0101\u1e47uraja\u1e25sam\u0101\u1e25 kalpas\u0101gar\u0101\u1e25 k\u1e63aya\u1e43 vrajeyurmama svap\u016brvayogasa\u1e43pada\u1e43 nirdi\u015bata\u1e25 //\n\ntena may\u0101 kulaputra anena eva\u1e43r\u016bpe\u1e47a sa\u1e43bh\u0101rabalena m\u016blahet\u016bpacayabalena ud\u0101r\u0101dhimuktibalena gu\u1e47apratipattibalena sarvadharmayath\u0101vannidhyaptibalena praj\u00f1\u0101cak\u1e63urbalena tath\u0101gat\u0101dhi\u1e63\u1e6dh\u0101nabalena mah\u0101pra\u1e47idh\u0101nabalena mah\u0101karu\u1e47\u0101balena supari\u015bodhit\u0101bhij\u00f1\u0101balena kaly\u0101\u1e47amitraparigrahabalena atyantapari\u015buddho dharmak\u0101ya\u1e25 pratilabdha\u1e25 sarvatryadhv\u0101sa\u1e43bhinna\u1e25 / anuttara\u015bca r\u016bpak\u0101ya\u1e25 pari\u015bodhita\u1e25 (Gv 427) sarvalok\u0101bhudgata\u1e25 sarvajagadyath\u0101\u015bayavij\u00f1apana\u1e25 sarvatr\u0101nugata\u1e25 sarvabuddhak\u1e63etrapras\u1e5bta\u1e25 samantaprati\u1e63\u1e6dh\u0101na\u1e25 sarvata\u1e25 sarvavikurvitasa\u1e43dar\u015bana\u1e25 sarvajagadabhilak\u1e63a\u1e47\u012bya\u1e25 / prek\u1e63asva kulaputra im\u0101m\u0101tmabh\u0101vapratil\u0101bhasa\u1e43padamanantakalpas\u0101garasa\u1e43bh\u016bt\u0101\u1e43 bahukalpako\u1e6d\u012bniyuta\u015batasahasradurlabhapr\u0101durbh\u0101v\u0101\u1e43 durlabhasa\u1e43dar\u015ban\u0101m / n\u0101ha\u1e43 kulaputra anavaropitaku\u015balam\u016bl\u0101n\u0101\u1e43 sattv\u0101n\u0101\u1e43 \u015brava\u1e47apathamapy\u0101gacch\u0101mi pr\u0101geva dar\u015banam / santi kulaputra sattv\u0101\u1e25, ye mama n\u0101madheya\u015brava\u1e47am\u0101tre\u1e47a avaivartik\u0101 bhavantyanuttar\u0101y\u0101\u1e43 samyaksa\u1e43bodhau / santi dar\u015banam\u0101tre\u1e47a, santi spar\u015banam\u0101tre\u1e47a, santyanuvrajanam\u0101tre\u1e47a, santyanubandhanam\u0101tre\u1e47a, santi svapnadar\u015banena, santi svapne n\u0101madheya\u015brava\u1e47ena avaivartik\u0101 bhavantyanuttar\u0101y\u0101\u1e43 samyaksa\u1e43bodhau / kecitsattv\u0101 m\u0101mekar\u0101tri\u1e43divasamanusmaram\u0101\u1e47\u0101\u1e25 parip\u0101ka\u1e43 gacchanti / kecidardham\u0101sa\u1e43 kecinm\u0101sa\u1e43 kecidvar\u1e63a\u1e43 kecidvar\u1e63a\u015bata\u1e43 kecitkalpa\u1e43 kecitkalpa\u015bata\u1e43 kecidy\u0101vadanabhil\u0101py\u0101nabhil\u0101pyabuddhak\u1e63etraparam\u0101\u1e47uraja\u1e25sam\u0101n kalp\u0101n m\u0101manusmaram\u0101\u1e47\u0101\u1e25 parip\u0101ka\u1e43 gacchanti / kecidekaj\u0101ty\u0101 parip\u0101ka\u1e43 gacchanti m\u0101manusmaram\u0101\u1e47\u0101\u1e25 / kecijj\u0101ti\u015batena, kecidy\u0101vadanabhil\u0101py\u0101nabhil\u0101pyabuddhak\u1e63etraparam\u0101\u1e47uraja\u1e25samairj\u0101tiparivartai\u1e25 / kecitsattv\u0101 mama prabh\u0101dar\u015banena parip\u0101ka\u1e43 gacchanti / kecidra\u015bmipramok\u1e63asa\u1e43dar\u015banena, kecitk\u1e63etraprakampanena, kecidr\u016bpak\u0101yasa\u1e43dar\u015banena, kecitsa\u1e43prahar\u1e63a\u1e47ena parip\u0101ka\u1e43 gacchanti / iti hi kulaputra buddh\u0101k\u1e63etraparam\u0101\u1e47uraja\u1e25samairup\u0101yai\u1e25 sattv\u0101 avaivartik\u0101 bhavantyanuttar\u0101y\u0101\u1e43 samyaksa\u1e43bodhau / ye khalu puna\u1e25 kulaputra sattv\u0101 mama buddhak\u1e63etrapari\u015buddhi\u1e43 \u015b\u1e5b\u1e47vanti, te pari\u015buddhe\u1e63u buddh\u0101k\u1e63etre\u1e63\u016bpapadyante / ye mam\u0101tmabh\u0101vapari\u015buddhi\u1e43 pa\u015byanti, te mam\u0101tmabh\u0101ve upapadyante / pa\u015bya kulaputra im\u0101\u1e43 mam\u0101tmabh\u0101vapari\u015buddhim //",
"inscription_translation": "\u201c\u2026realized entrances of Dharma through various principles. \nThen the great being, the bodhisattva Samantabhadra, said to Sudhana, the merchant-banker\u2019s son, this: \u201cO Son of Good Family, did you see my miracle?\u201d\nSudhana said, \u201cI saw, Noble One. But only one claiming to be a tath\u0101gata would understand a miracle so inconceivable.\u201d\nSamantabhadra said, \u201cO Son of Good Family, for eons equal in number atoms in buddha lands far beyond description, I have practiced desiring the mind of omniscience. Within every single great eon I met with the tath\u0101gatas equal in number to the atoms in buddha lands far beyond description, leading to the purification of my mind of enlightenment. And within every single great eon, I performed great sacrifices that were proclaimed in all worlds and furnished with the abandonment of all\u2014this state of the requisite of merit for omniscience teaching all beings. Within every single great eon, I made renunciations equal in number to the atoms in buddha lands far beyond description. Longing for the factors of omniscience, I made extreme renunciations. Within every single great eon I gave up bodies far beyond description; I gave up great empires, villages, towns, cities, countries, kingdoms and capitals, dear and charming communities of followers who were difficult to give up, sons, daughters and wives. Out of care for the knowledge of the buddhas through an indifference to my body and life, I gave up the flesh of my own bodies. I gave up blood from my own bodies to beggars; I gave up my bones and marrow; my limbs and body parts; my sense organs such as my ears, noses, eyes, and tongues from my own mouths. And within every single great eon, I gave up my own heads equal in number to the atoms in buddha lands far beyond description, longing for the head of supreme omniscience arisen from all worlds out of my own bodies. \nJust as it was in every single great eon, so it was in oceans of great eons equal in number to the atoms in buddha lands far beyond description. Within every single great eon, I, the supreme lord, honored, praised, respected and worshipped the tath\u0101gatas equal in number to the atoms in buddha lands far beyond description\u2026\u201d",
"inscription_remark": "Sanskrit excerpt identified by Phyllis Granoff. Text translated by Douglas Osto in \"A New Translation of the Sanskrit Bhadracari with Introduction and Notes,\" in New Zealand Journal of Asian Studies 12 (2013): 16\u201317.",
"sortorder": null
}
],
"exhibitions": {
"current": [],
"legacy": []
},
"provenance": [
{
"description": "(Heeramaneck Galleries, New York, NY, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "?-1955",
"sortorder": 1
},
{
"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "1955-",
"sortorder": 2
}
],
"find_spot": null,
"related_works": [],
"former_accession_numbers": [],
"did_you_know": "The same Bodhisattva of Wisdom, Manjushri, is slim and splendid on the front in the middle, portly and protective on the back at the left.",
"early_education_description": null,
"artlens_description": null,
"description": "This leaf has six paintings, three on the recto and three on the verso, creating part of a visual grand finale. The first 340 leaves of the manuscript mainly have a single painting, but at the end there are more, and they depict varied and sometimes aggressive imagery. Similarly, the text ends with a hymn, the Buddhisattva vow to clear the path to enlightenment of evil obstacles, such as wrong views and bad influences.",
"external_resources": {
"wikidata": [
"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60517127"
],
"internet_archive": [
"https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1955.49.7-folio-348-from-a-gan"
]
},
"citations": [
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. The Cleveland Museum of Art Handbook. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1958.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: cat. no. 752",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1958/page/n136"
},
{
"citation": "Mace, Sonya Rhie. \u201cClearing the Course: Folio 348 of the Nepalese Ga\u1e47\u1e0davy\u016bha-s\u016btra in the Cleveland Museum of Art.\u201d Religions 2020, 11(4), 183.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: Figs. 1-7, 9-10, 13-14",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rel11040183"
}
],
"url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1955.49.7",
"images": {
"annotation": null,
"web": {
"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1955.49.7/1955.49.7_web.jpg",
"width": "900",
"height": "192",
"filesize": "185899",
"filename": "1955.49.7_web.jpg"
},
"print": {
"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1955.49.7/1955.49.7_print.jpg",
"width": "3400",
"height": "726",
"filesize": "1105837",
"filename": "1955.49.7_print.jpg"
},
"full": {
"url": "https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1955.49.7/1955.49.7_full.tif",
"width": "5565",
"height": "1189",
"filesize": "19871852",
"filename": "1955.49.7_full.tif"
}
},
"alternate_images": [],
"creditline": "Purchase from the J. H. Wade Fund",
"image_credit": null,
"sketchfab_id": null,
"sketchfab_url": null,
"gallery_donor_text": null,
"athena_id": 133087,
"creators": [],
"legal_status": "accessioned",
"accession_date": null,
"sortable_date": 1000,
"date_added_to_oa": null,
"date_text": "1000\u20131100s",
"collapse_artists": false,
"on_loan": false,
"recently_acquired": false,
"record_type": "component",
"conservation_statement": null,
"has_conservation_images": false,
"cover_accession_number": "1955.49",
"is_nazi_era_provenance": false,
"impression": null,
"alternate_titles": [
"Leaf from Gandavyuha: Structure of the World",
"Leaf from Gandavyuha: Samantabhadra, Avalokiteshvara and Manjushri, from Chapter 55 (recto); Leaf from Gandavyuha: Sudhana Battles a Demon with a Kneeling Monk, Manjushri, and Vajrapani, from Chapter 55 (verso)"
],
"is_highlight": false,
"updated_at": "2026-05-29 06:50:47.709000"
}
}