{
"data": {
"id": 135076,
"accession_number": "1958.12",
"share_license_status": "Copyrighted",
"tombstone": "The Donkey Driver, 1902. Pablo Picasso (Spanish, 1881\u20131973). Black chalk on brown wove paper; sheet: 26 x 20 cm (10 1/4 x 7 7/8 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Bequest of Leonard C. Hanna Jr., 1958.12. \u00a9 Estate of Pablo Picasso / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York",
"current_location": null,
"title": "The Donkey Driver",
"creation_date": "1902",
"creation_date_earliest": 1902,
"creation_date_latest": 1902,
"artists_tags": [
"Latine and Hispanic Artists",
"male"
],
"culture": [
"Spain"
],
"technique": "black chalk on brown wove paper",
"support_materials": [],
"department": "Drawings",
"collection": "DR - Spanish",
"type": "Drawing",
"measurements": "Sheet: 26 x 20 cm (10 1/4 x 7 7/8 in.)",
"dimensions": {
"sheet": {
"height": 0.26,
"height_inch": 10,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.25,
"width": 0.2,
"width_inch": 7,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.875
}
},
"state_of_the_work": null,
"edition_of_the_work": null,
"copyright": "\u00a9 Estate of Pablo Picasso / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York",
"inscriptions": [
{
"inscription": "signed and dated, in brown ink, lower right: Picasso 1902",
"inscription_translation": null,
"inscription_remark": null,
"sortorder": null
}
],
"exhibitions": {
"current": [
{
"id": 301184,
"title": "Department of Prints and Drawings Opening Exhibition",
"description": "Department of Prints and Drawings Opening Exhibition. The Cleveland Museum of Art (organizer) (March 3, 1958-October 11, 1959).",
"opening_date": "1958-03-03T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 520354,
"title": "20th Century Master Drawings",
"description": "20th Century Master Drawings. Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York, NY (organizer) (November 6, 1963-January 6, 1964); Frederick R. Weisman Art Museum, Minneapolis, MN (February 1-March 15, 1964); Fogg Art Museum/Harvard University, Cambridge, MA (April 6-May 24, 1964).",
"opening_date": "1963-11-06T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 304726,
"title": "French Drawings",
"description": "French Drawings. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (November 16, 1965-February 16, 1966).",
"opening_date": "1965-11-16T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 442154,
"title": "Pablo Picasso: Fruhwerk und Blaue Periode (Pablo Picasso: Early Work and the Blue Period)",
"description": "Pablo Picasso: Fruhwerk und Blaue Periode (Pablo Picasso: Early Work and the Blue Period). Kunstmuseum Bern, Bern, Switzerland (organizer) (December 6, 1984-February 17, 1985).",
"opening_date": "1984-12-06T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 442070,
"title": "Picasso: Pastelle, Zeichnungen, Aquarelle (Picasso: Pastels, Paintings, Watercolors)",
"description": "Picasso: Pastelle, Zeichnungen, Aquarelle (Picasso: Pastels, Paintings, Watercolors). K\u00fcnsthalle Tubingen, D-72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany (April 5-June 1, 1986); Kunstsammlung Nordrhein-Westfalen, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany, Dusseldorf 1, Germany (organizer) (June 13-July 27, 1986).",
"opening_date": "1986-04-05T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 311433,
"title": "Directions in Drawing: 1750-1988",
"description": "Directions in Drawing: 1750-1988. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (April 2-August 4, 1991).",
"opening_date": "1991-04-02T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 182153,
"title": "Monet to Dal\u00ed: Modern Masters from the Cleveland Museum of Art",
"description": "Monet to Dal\u00ed: Modern Masters from the Cleveland Museum of Art. Seoul Art Center, South Korea (December 22, 2006-March 28, 2007); Seoul Olympic Museum of Art, South Korea (April 7-May 20, 2007).",
"opening_date": "2006-05-27T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 222347,
"title": "Picasso's Drawings, 1890-1921: Reinventing Tradition ",
"description": "Picasso's Drawings, 1890-1921: Reinventing Tradition . National Gallery of Art, Landover, MD (February 5-May 6, 2012).",
"opening_date": "2011-10-04T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 317581,
"title": "Picasso and Paper",
"description": "Picasso and Paper. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (co-organizer) (December 8, 2024-March 23, 2025).",
"opening_date": "2024-12-08T05:00:00"
}
],
"legacy": [
{
"description": "Picasso. Kunsthaus Z\u00fcrich (September 11 - October 30, 1932).",
"opening_date": "1932-09-11T00:00:00"
}
]
},
"provenance": [
{
"description": "Santiago Laporta, Barcelona",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": null,
"sortorder": 1
},
{
"description": "(Galerie Thannhauser, New York)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "by 1940-after 1946",
"sortorder": 2
},
{
"description": "(Wildenstein and Co., New York, sold to Leonard C. Hanna, Jr.)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "after 1946-before 1958",
"sortorder": 3
},
{
"description": "Leonard C. Hanna, Jr., bequeathed to the Cleveland Museum of Art",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "?-1958",
"sortorder": 4
},
{
"description": "Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1958-",
"sortorder": 5
}
],
"find_spot": null,
"related_works": [],
"former_accession_numbers": [],
"did_you_know": "This drawing is one of several by Pablo Picasso to featured donkeys around this time.",
"early_education_description": null,
"artlens_description": null,
"description": "Created during Pablo Picasso's Blue Period, a time when the artist focused on disenfranchised members of society, this drawing depicts a man and woman in what apperas to be Catalan costume. The subject may relate to Picasso's Spanish heritage or his study in Paris of drawings by the elder artist Puvis de Chavannes, who likewise focused on agrarian life. Picasso drew and reworked his composition in black chalk, leaving changes to the image fully evident as he worked.",
"external_resources": {
"wikidata": [
"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80027983"
],
"internet_archive": []
},
"citations": [
{
"citation": "Zervos, Christian. Pablo Picasso. Paris: \u00c9ditions Cahiers d'Art, 1932.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. XLIV, no. 136; Reproduced: pl. 67",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Picasso. Exh. Cat. Z\u00fcrich: Kunsthaus Z\u00fcrich, 1932.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 17, no. 255",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Cassou, Jean. Picasso. Translated by Mary Chamot. New York: Hyperion Press, 1940.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: no. 146",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Pellicer, A. Cirici. Picasso antes de Picasso. Barcelona: Iberia - Joaquin Gil, 1946.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: pl. 125",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Elgar, Frank and Robert Maillard. Picasso. Translated by Francis Scarfe. New York: Praeger, 1956.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 19",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "In Memoriam: Leonard C. Hanna, Jr. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1958",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: no. 97",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Jardot, Maurice. Pablo Picasso Drawings. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1959.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 153; Reproduced: pl. 3",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Simon, Sidney and Emily Rauh. 20th Century Master Drawings. Exh. Cat. New York: Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, 1963.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: no. 99; Reproduced: pl. 1",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Blunt, Anthony and Phoebe Pool. Picasso: The Formative Years, A Study of His Sources. New York: New York Graphic Society, 1963.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: no. 125",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1966. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1966.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 196",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1966/page/n220"
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1969. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1969.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 195",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1969/page/n219"
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1978. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1978.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 241",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1978/page/n261"
},
{
"citation": "Palau i Fabre, Josep. Picasso: The Early Years, 1881-1907. Translated by Kenneth Lyons. New York: Rizzoli, 1981.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: pp. 319, 539, no. 807; Reproduced: p. 319",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Glaesemer, J\u00fcurgen. Der Junge Picasso: Fr\u00fchwerk und Blaue Periode. Exh. Cat. Bern: Kunstmuseum Bern, 1984.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: 325, no. 166; Reproduced: p. 298",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Spies, Werner. Picasso: Pastelle, Zeichnungen, Aquarelle. Exh. Cat. T\u00fcbingen: Kunstehalle T\u00fcbingen, 1986.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: no. 16",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Galassi, Susan Grace and Marilyn McCully. Picasso's Drawings, 1890-1921: Reinventing Tradition. Exh. Cat. New York: Frick Collection, 2011.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: pp. 93-95, no. 13; Reproduced: p. 94",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "The Picasso Project: Picasso's Paintings, Watercolors, Drawings and Sculpture: A Comprehensive Illustrated Catalogue, 1885-1973: The Blue Period, 1902-1904, Barcelona and Paris. San Francisco: Alan Wofsy Fine Arts, 2011.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 31, no. 1902-080",
"url": ""
}
],
"catalogue_raisonne": "Zervos I.136; Palau i Fabre: 807; PP 1902-080",
"url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1958.12",
"images": {},
"alternate_images": [],
"creditline": "Bequest of Leonard C. Hanna Jr.",
"image_credit": null,
"sketchfab_id": null,
"sketchfab_url": null,
"gallery_donor_text": null,
"athena_id": 135076,
"creators": [
{
"id": 2160,
"description": "Pablo Picasso (Spanish, 1881\u20131973)",
"extent": null,
"qualifier": null,
"role": "artist",
"biography": "Pablo Ruiz Picasso (1881-1973), the most prolific and influential artist of the 20th century, shifted the emphasis of art from its traditional concern with beauty toward radical innovation. The son of an art teacher, Picasso demonstrated remarkable talents as a child and entered the royal art academy in Madrid at age sixteen. Less than a year later, he abandoned his studies and soon joined several avant-garde artist and anarchist groups in Barcelona and Paris. After passing through a succession of stylistic periods, most notably the Blue (1901-1904) and Rose (1904-1906) Periods, he collaborated with Georges Braque (1882-1963) in 1908 to invent Cubism, a revolutionary method of restructuring pictorial space. Picasso remained active until his death in 1973. Although his art still appears radical, many of his works are over one hundred years old. Cubism, perhaps the most important development in 20th-century art, was invented around 1908 by Pablo Picasso (1881-1973) and Georges Braque (1882-1963). The most revolutionary aspect of the style was not its obvious emphasis on geometric form; rather, it was the introduction of a radically new approach to configuring pictorial space. Since the Renaissance, artists had used various methods to create the illusion of distant space receding behind the canvas surface. The Cubists rejected that idea and collapsed space by compressing foreground, middle ground, and background into a continuous web of overlapping, intersecting planes. During the 1910s, other painters and sculptors embraced or adapted Cubism to their own ends. This revolutionary approach inspired a host of related movements and continues to influence the visual language of artists, architects, and designers throughout the world.",
"name_in_original_language": null,
"birth_year": "1881",
"death_year": "1973",
"use_in_caption": true,
"include_extent": false,
"weight": 1
}
],
"legal_status": "accessioned",
"accession_date": "1958-11-29T00:00:00",
"sortable_date": 1902,
"date_added_to_oa": null,
"date_text": "1902",
"collapse_artists": false,
"on_loan": false,
"recently_acquired": false,
"record_type": "object",
"conservation_statement": null,
"has_conservation_images": false,
"cover_accession_number": null,
"is_nazi_era_provenance": false,
"impression": null,
"alternate_titles": [],
"is_highlight": false,
"updated_at": "2026-08-20 12:30:34.610000"
}
}