{
"data": {
"id": 135456,
"accession_number": "1958.45",
"share_license_status": "Copyrighted",
"tombstone": "The Harem , spring\u2013summer 1906. Pablo Picasso (Spanish, 1881\u20131973). Oil and graphite on canvas; framed: 174 x 130.5 x 11.4 cm (68 1/2 x 51 3/8 x 4 1/2 in.); unframed: 154.3 x 110 cm (60 3/4 x 43 5/16 in.); former: 163.2 x 120 x 6.1 cm (64 1/4 x 47 1/4 x 2 3/8 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Bequest of Leonard C. Hanna Jr., 1958.45. \u00a9 Estate of Pablo Picasso / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York",
"current_location": "223 20th Century Avant-Garde",
"title": "The Harem ",
"creation_date": "spring\u2013summer 1906",
"creation_date_earliest": 1906,
"creation_date_latest": 1906,
"artists_tags": [
"Latine and Hispanic Artists",
"male"
],
"culture": [
"Spain"
],
"technique": "oil and graphite on canvas",
"support_materials": [],
"department": "Modern European Painting and Sculpture",
"collection": "Mod Euro - Painting 1800-1960",
"type": "Painting",
"measurements": "Framed: 174 x 130.5 x 11.4 cm (68 1/2 x 51 3/8 x 4 1/2 in.); Unframed: 154.3 x 110 cm (60 3/4 x 43 5/16 in.); Former: 163.2 x 120 x 6.1 cm (64 1/4 x 47 1/4 x 2 3/8 in.)",
"dimensions": {
"framed": {
"height": 1.74,
"height_inch": 68,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.5,
"width": 1.305,
"width_inch": 51,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.375,
"depth": 0.114,
"depth_inch": 4,
"depth_inch_fraction": 0.5
},
"unframed": {
"height": 1.543,
"height_inch": 60,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.75,
"width": 1.1,
"width_inch": 43,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.3125
},
"former": {
"height": 1.632,
"height_inch": 64,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.25,
"width": 1.2,
"width_inch": 47,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.25,
"depth": 0.061,
"depth_inch": 2,
"depth_inch_fraction": 0.375
}
},
"state_of_the_work": null,
"edition_of_the_work": null,
"copyright": "\u00a9 Estate of Pablo Picasso / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York",
"inscriptions": [
{
"inscription": "Signed upper left: \"Picasso\"",
"inscription_translation": null,
"inscription_remark": null,
"sortorder": null
}
],
"exhibitions": {
"current": [
{
"id": 520773,
"title": "Man: Glory, Jest, and Riddle: A Survey of Human From Through the Ages",
"description": "Man: Glory, Jest, and Riddle: A Survey of Human From Through the Ages. San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, San Francisco, CA (organizer) (November 10, 1964-January 3, 1965).",
"opening_date": "1964-11-10T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 442780,
"title": "Pablo Picasso: A Retrospective",
"description": "Pablo Picasso: A Retrospective. The Museum of Modern Art, New York, NY (organizer) (May 22-September 16, 1980).",
"opening_date": "1980-05-22T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 442184,
"title": "Pablo Picasso",
"description": "Pablo Picasso. The National Museum of Modern Art, Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (organizer) (co-organizer) (April 2-May 29, 1983); Kyoto Municipal Museum of Art, Kyoto, Japan (co-organizer) (June 10-July 24, 1983).",
"opening_date": "1983-04-02T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 442168,
"title": "Picasso",
"description": "Picasso. National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (co-organizer) (July 27-September 23, 1984); Art Gallery of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (October 9-December 2, 1984).",
"opening_date": "1984-07-27T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 441970,
"title": "Les Demoiselles D'Avignon (The Ladies of Avignon)",
"description": "Les Demoiselles D'Avignon (The Ladies of Avignon). Mus\u00e9e national Picasso-Paris, Paris, France (January 26-April 18, 1988); Museu Picasso, Barcelona, Spain (May 10-July 14, 1988).",
"opening_date": "1988-01-26T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 361423,
"title": "Picasso, 1905-1906",
"description": "Picasso, 1905-1906. Museu Picasso, Barcelona, Spain (organizer) (February 5-April 19, 1992); Kunstmuseum Bern, Bern, Switzerland (May 8-July 26, 1992).",
"opening_date": "1992-02-05T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 177096,
"title": "Picasso: The Early Years, 1892-1906",
"description": "Picasso: The Early Years, 1892-1906. National Gallery of Art (organizer) (March 30-July 27, 1997); Museum of Fine Arts, Boston (September 10, 1997-January 4, 1998).",
"opening_date": "1997-03-30T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 219144,
"title": "1900",
"description": "1900. Galeries Nationales du Grand Palais, 75008 Paris, France (March 14-June 26, 2000).",
"opening_date": "2000-03-10T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 219149,
"title": "Picasso Erotique",
"description": "Picasso Erotique. Galerie national du Jeu de Paume, Paris, France (February 19-May 15, 2001); Montr\u00e9al Museum of Fine Arts (June 15-September 15, 2001); Museu Picasso (October 25, 2001-January 20, 2002).",
"opening_date": "2001-02-19T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 219731,
"title": "Picasso et Ingres",
"description": "Picasso et Ingres. Mus\u00e9e national Picasso-Paris, Paris, France (March 16-June 21, 2004).",
"opening_date": "2004-03-16T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 182153,
"title": "Monet to Dal\u00ed: Modern Masters from the Cleveland Museum of Art",
"description": "Monet to Dal\u00ed: Modern Masters from the Cleveland Museum of Art. Vancouver Art Gallery, Vancouver, Canada (June 9-September 16, 2007); The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (October 21, 2007-January 13, 2008); Frist Art Museum, Nashville, TN (February 15-June 1, 2008); Utah Museum of Fine Arts, Salt Lake City, UT (June 22-September 21, 2008); The Detroit Institute of Arts, Detroit, MI (October 12, 2008-January 18, 2009).",
"opening_date": "2006-05-27T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 220287,
"title": "Picasso: Tradici\u00f3n y Vanguardia",
"description": "Picasso: Tradici\u00f3n y Vanguardia. Museo Nacional del Prado, Madrid, Spain (organizer) (June 5-September 17, 2006).",
"opening_date": "2006-06-05T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 206339,
"title": "Barcelona & Modernity: Picasso, Gaud\u00ed, Mir\u00f3, Dal\u00ed (1868-1939)",
"description": "Barcelona & Modernity: Picasso, Gaud\u00ed, Mir\u00f3, Dal\u00ed (1868-1939). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (October 15, 2006-January 7, 2007); The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, NY (co-organizer) (March 4-June 3, 2007).",
"opening_date": "2006-10-15T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 367808,
"title": "Picasso 1906. La Gran Transformaci\u00f3n",
"description": "Picasso 1906. La Gran Transformaci\u00f3n. Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sof\u00cda, Madrid, Spain (organizer) (November 14, 2023-March 4, 2024) https://www.museoreinasofia.es/exposiciones/picasso-1906.",
"opening_date": "2023-11-14T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 317581,
"title": "Picasso and Paper",
"description": "Picasso and Paper. Royal Academy of Arts, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (organizer) (co-organizer) (January 25-August 2, 2020) https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/exhibition/picasso-and-paper; The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (co-organizer) (December 8, 2024-March 23, 2025).",
"opening_date": "2024-12-08T05:00:00"
}
],
"legacy": [
{
"description": "In Memoriam: Leonard C. Hanna, Jr.. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (March 4-April 7, 1958).",
"opening_date": "1958-03-04T05:00:00Z"
},
{
"description": "Pictures Collected by Yale Alumni. Yale University Art Gallery, New Haven, CT (organizer) (May 8-June 18, 1956)",
"opening_date": "1956-05-08T04:00:00Z"
},
{
"description": "Picasso \"Blue\" and \"Rose\" Periods: 1901\u20131906. Jacques Seligmann & Co., New York (organizer) (November 2-November 26, 1936)",
"opening_date": "1936-11-02T05:00:00Z"
},
{
"description": "The Twentieth Anniversary Exhibition: The Official Art Exhibit of the Great Lakes Exposition. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (June 26-October 4, 1936).",
"opening_date": "1936-06-26T04:00:00Z"
},
{
"description": "Century of Progress. Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, IL (June 1-November 1, 1933) (as Figures [Pink])",
"opening_date": "1933-06-01T04:00:00Z"
},
{
"description": "French Art Since Eighteen Hundred. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (November 8-December 8, 1929). [as Figures [Pink])",
"opening_date": "1929-11-08T05:00:00Z"
},
{
"description": "Twenty-Seventh International Exhibition of Paintings, Carnegie Institute, Pittsburgh, PA (October 18-December 9, 1928). [as Figure (pink)]",
"opening_date": "1928-10-18T05:00:00Z"
}
]
},
"provenance": [
{
"description": "John Quinn [1870-1924], New York, NY",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "before 1924",
"sortorder": null
},
{
"description": "(P. Rosenberg, New York, NY, 1928)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "1928",
"sortorder": 2
},
{
"description": "Leonard C. Hanna, Jr. [1889-1957], Cleveland, OH, by bequest to the Cleveland Museum of Art",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1929-1958",
"sortorder": 3
},
{
"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1958-",
"sortorder": 4
}
],
"find_spot": null,
"related_works": [],
"former_accession_numbers": [],
"did_you_know": "This painting dates from Picasso's Rose Period, named for the rosy pink and orange hues that dominate many of his compositions during this time. The Rose Period followed his Blue Period, and the colors are reflective of his mood. The Blue Period is connected to a period of depression following the death of his close friend Carlos Casagemas, while the happier tones of the Rose Period coincide with his happiness in his relationship with Fernande Olivier.",
"early_education_description": null,
"artlens_description": null,
"description": "In 1904, Pablo Picasso abandoned the cool palette and somber mood of his Blue Period (1901\u20134)\u2014 exemplified by La Vie of 1903\u2014for the warmer, more sensual imagery of the Rose Period (1904\u20136). In the summer of 1906, he and his romantic partner Fernande Olivier visited Spain. Picasso sketched Olivier, who often served as a model for the artist, in private moments bathing and combing her hair. Such studies came to life in The Harem, Picasso\u2019s first large-scale representation of nude figures. He added a seated man who clasps a flower in one hand and a porr\u00f3n (a phallic-shaped drinking vessel) in the other.",
"external_resources": {
"wikidata": [
"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60465144"
],
"internet_archive": []
},
"citations": [
{
"citation": "Watson, F. John Quinn Collection of Paintings, Watercolors, Drawings and Sculpture. Huntington: Pidgeon Hill Press, 1926.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 13; Reproduced: p. 89.",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Twenty-Seventh International Exhibition of Paintings, Carnegie Institute, Pittsburgh October 18-December 9, 1928. Pittsburgh: Carnegie Institute, 1928.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: cat. 201",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Steinberg, Leo. \"The Philosophical Brothel, Part 1.\" Art News 71, no. 5 (September 1972): 20-29.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 29. fig. 28",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Henning, Edward. \"Pablo Picasso: Bouteille, Verre, et Fourchette.\" The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 59, no. 7 (September 1972): 194-203.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 196, fig. 4",
"url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/25152438"
},
{
"citation": "Daix, Pierre. \"Picasso's Time of Decisive Encounters.\" Art News (April 1987): 136-141.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced; p. 140",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Steinberg, Leo. \"The Philosophical Brothel.\" October 44 (Spring 1988): 7-74.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 35; Reproduced: p. 34, fig. 30",
"url": "985004319"
},
{
"citation": "Robert, Rosenblum. \"Picasso in G\u00f3sol: The Calm before the Storm.\" In Picasso: The Early Years, 1892-1906. Marilyn McCully, ed., 263-275. Washington: National Gallery of Art, 1997.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 265-266; Reproduced: p. 264, fig. 1",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Picasso and Celestina: The Artist's Vision of the Procuress. Newark, Delaware: Juan de la Cuesta, 2015.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 82, figure 17",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Steinberg, Leo. Picasso: Selected Essays. Edited by Sheila Schwartz. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2022.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 90-91, fig. 4.30",
"url": ""
}
],
"catalogue_raisonne": "Zervos I.321; Sutton/Lecaldano 274; Daix, Boudaille, Rosselet XV.40; Palau i Fabre 1266; PP 1906-073",
"url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1958.45",
"images": {},
"alternate_images": [],
"creditline": "Bequest of Leonard C. Hanna Jr.",
"image_credit": null,
"sketchfab_id": null,
"sketchfab_url": null,
"gallery_donor_text": "Michael J. Horvitz Family Gallery",
"athena_id": 135456,
"creators": [
{
"id": 2160,
"description": "Pablo Picasso (Spanish, 1881\u20131973)",
"extent": null,
"qualifier": null,
"role": "artist",
"biography": "Pablo Ruiz Picasso (1881-1973), the most prolific and influential artist of the 20th century, shifted the emphasis of art from its traditional concern with beauty toward radical innovation. The son of an art teacher, Picasso demonstrated remarkable talents as a child and entered the royal art academy in Madrid at age sixteen. Less than a year later, he abandoned his studies and soon joined several avant-garde artist and anarchist groups in Barcelona and Paris. After passing through a succession of stylistic periods, most notably the Blue (1901-1904) and Rose (1904-1906) Periods, he collaborated with Georges Braque (1882-1963) in 1908 to invent Cubism, a revolutionary method of restructuring pictorial space. Picasso remained active until his death in 1973. Although his art still appears radical, many of his works are over one hundred years old. Cubism, perhaps the most important development in 20th-century art, was invented around 1908 by Pablo Picasso (1881-1973) and Georges Braque (1882-1963). The most revolutionary aspect of the style was not its obvious emphasis on geometric form; rather, it was the introduction of a radically new approach to configuring pictorial space. Since the Renaissance, artists had used various methods to create the illusion of distant space receding behind the canvas surface. The Cubists rejected that idea and collapsed space by compressing foreground, middle ground, and background into a continuous web of overlapping, intersecting planes. During the 1910s, other painters and sculptors embraced or adapted Cubism to their own ends. This revolutionary approach inspired a host of related movements and continues to influence the visual language of artists, architects, and designers throughout the world.",
"name_in_original_language": null,
"birth_year": "1881",
"death_year": "1973",
"use_in_caption": true,
"include_extent": false,
"weight": 1
}
],
"legal_status": "accessioned",
"accession_date": "1958-11-29T00:00:00",
"sortable_date": 1906,
"date_added_to_oa": null,
"date_text": "spring\u2013summer 1906",
"collapse_artists": false,
"on_loan": false,
"recently_acquired": false,
"record_type": "object",
"conservation_statement": null,
"has_conservation_images": false,
"cover_accession_number": null,
"is_nazi_era_provenance": false,
"impression": null,
"alternate_titles": [
"Figures in Pink"
],
"is_highlight": false,
"updated_at": "2026-08-20 12:30:34.644000"
}
}