{
"data": {
"id": 135480,
"accession_number": "1958.47",
"share_license_status": "CC0",
"tombstone": "The Apple Seller, c. 1890. Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French, 1841\u20131919). Oil on fabric; framed: 93 x 82.2 x 9.5 cm (36 5/8 x 32 3/8 x 3 3/4 in.); unframed: 65.8 x 54.5 cm (25 7/8 x 21 7/16 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Bequest of Leonard C. Hanna Jr., 1958.47",
"current_location": null,
"title": "The Apple Seller",
"creation_date": "c. 1890",
"creation_date_earliest": 1885,
"creation_date_latest": 1895,
"artists_tags": [
"male"
],
"culture": [
"France, 19th century"
],
"technique": "oil on fabric",
"support_materials": [],
"department": "Modern European Painting and Sculpture",
"collection": "Mod Euro - Painting 1800-1960",
"type": "Painting",
"measurements": "Framed: 93 x 82.2 x 9.5 cm (36 5/8 x 32 3/8 x 3 3/4 in.); Unframed: 65.8 x 54.5 cm (25 7/8 x 21 7/16 in.)",
"dimensions": {
"framed": {
"height": 0.93,
"width": 0.822,
"depth": 0.095
},
"unframed": {
"height": 0.658,
"width": 0.545
}
},
"state_of_the_work": null,
"edition_of_the_work": null,
"copyright": null,
"inscriptions": [
{
"inscription": "Signed center right: a. renoir / 1864\r\n",
"inscription_translation": null,
"inscription_remark": null,
"sortorder": null
}
],
"exhibitions": {
"current": [
{
"id": 343625,
"title": "Color: Light to Palette",
"description": "Color: Light to Palette. Taft Museum of Art, Cincinnati, OH (organizer) (October 22-December 6, 1965).",
"opening_date": "1965-10-22T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 343633,
"title": "A loan exhibition for the benefit of The American Association of Museums : in commemoration of the fiftieth anniversary of Renoir\u2019s death",
"description": "A loan exhibition for the benefit of The American Association of Museums : in commemoration of the fiftieth anniversary of Renoir\u2019s death. Wildenstein & Co. (March 27-May 3, 1969).",
"opening_date": "1969-03-27T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 338396,
"title": "Renoir",
"description": "Renoir. The Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, IL (organizer) (February 3-April 1, 1973).",
"opening_date": "1973-02-03T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 343645,
"title": "Renoir Retrospective",
"description": "Renoir Retrospective. Nagoya City Art Museum, Nagoya, Japan (organizer) (October 15-December 11, 1988); Hiroshima Museum of Art, Hiroshima City, Japan (December 17, 1988-February 12, 1989); Nara Prefectural Museum of Art, Nara, Japan (February 18-April 9, 1989).",
"opening_date": "1988-10-15T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 220956,
"title": "Rise and Fall of Modernity: Weimar- a German Example 1890-1990",
"description": "Rise and Fall of Modernity: Weimar- a German Example 1890-1990. Kunstsammlungen zu Weimar, Weimar, Th\u00fcringen, Germany (May 9-August 1, 1999).",
"opening_date": "1999-05-09T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 222741,
"title": "Renoir: 1870 - 1892",
"description": "Renoir: 1870 - 1892. Artizon Museum, Tokyo, Japan (February 10-April 15, 2001); Nagoya City Art Museum, Nagoya, Japan (organizer) (April 21-June 24, 2001).",
"opening_date": "2001-02-10T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 179631,
"title": "CMA Highlights",
"description": "CMA Highlights. The Cleveland Museum of Art (organizer) (June 21-September 11, 2005).",
"opening_date": "2005-06-21T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 182153,
"title": "Monet to Dal\u00ed: Modern Masters from the Cleveland Museum of Art",
"description": "Monet to Dal\u00ed: Modern Masters from the Cleveland Museum of Art. Beijing World Art Museum (May 26-August 27, 2006); Mori Art Center (September 16-November 26, 2006); Seoul Art Center, South Korea (December 22, 2006-March 28, 2007); Seoul Olympic Museum of Art, South Korea (April 7-May 20, 2007); Vancouver Art Gallery, Vancouver, Canada (June 9-September 16, 2007); The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (October 21, 2007-January 13, 2008); Frist Art Museum, Nashville, TN (February 15-June 1, 2008); Utah Museum of Fine Arts, Salt Lake City, UT (June 22-September 21, 2008); The Detroit Institute of Arts, Detroit, MI (October 12, 2008-January 18, 2009).",
"opening_date": "2006-05-27T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 231063,
"title": "Renoir - Tradition and Innovation",
"description": "Renoir - Tradition and Innovation. National Art Center, Tokyo, Japan (January 20-April 5, 2010); National Museum of Art, Osaka, Japan (April 17-June 27, 2010).",
"opening_date": "2010-01-20T00:00:00"
}
],
"legacy": [
{
"description": "Exposition Renoir. Durand-Ruel, Paris, France (1896).",
"opening_date": null
},
{
"description": "Exhibition of French Masters from Courbet to Seurat. Jacques Seligmann & Co., Inc. New York, NY (1937).",
"opening_date": "1937-01-01T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "The Hanna Collection of Modern Masterpieces. J. B. Speed Memorial Museum, Louisville, KY (1944).",
"opening_date": "1944-01-01T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "Summer Loan: group of fourteen Hanna paintings. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, NY . (June-September 1949).",
"opening_date": "1949-06-01T00:00:00"
}
]
},
"provenance": [
{
"description": "(Durand-Ruel, Paris, France, November 9, 1891, stock no. 1915, purchased from the artist)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "1891",
"sortorder": 1
},
{
"description": "(Durand-Ruel, Paris, France, June 12, 1896, sold to Graf von Kessler)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "1891-1896",
"sortorder": 2
},
{
"description": "Graf von Kessler [1868-1937], Berlin, Germany",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1896-",
"sortorder": 3
},
{
"description": "Marquis de Biron [1859-1939], Geneva, Switzerland",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": null,
"sortorder": 4
},
{
"description": "(Jacques Seligmann & Co., New York, NY, February 5, 1941, sold to Leonard C. Hanna Jr.)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1937-1941",
"sortorder": 5
},
{
"description": "Leonard C. Hanna Jr. [1889-1957], Cleveland, OH, bequeathed to the Cleveland Museum of Art",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1941-1958",
"sortorder": 6
},
{
"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1958-",
"sortorder": 7
}
],
"find_spot": null,
"related_works": [],
"former_accession_numbers": [],
"did_you_know": "Using repetitive, soft, light-of-touch brushstrokes to form patches of color, Renoir creates a sense of dappled light that reflects on the ground and caresses the figures, giving the painting an ethereal, dreamlike quality.",
"description": "This painting depicts a young country girl offering apples to Renoir's wife, Aline. The boy in the straw hat may be the artist's nephew, Edmond, but the young girl with the ribbon in her hair has not been identified. Bathed in soft, dappled sunlight, the figures are united through the fluid brushstrokes that cover the canvas. The leaping dog provides an accent of humor and motion in an otherwise tranquil scene. The picture was probably completed at Essoyes, in eastern France.",
"external_resources": {
"wikidata": [
"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60465147"
],
"internet_archive": [
"https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1958.47-the-apple-seller"
]
},
"citations": [
{
"citation": "Meier-Graefe, Julius, Florence Simmonds, and George W. Chrystal. Modern art; being a contribution to a new system of \u00e6sthetics. London,UK: W. Heinemann, 1908.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p,. 286, vol. 1",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Davidson, Martha. \"Courbet--Seurat: From Realism to Neo-Impressionism.\" ARTnews 35 (March 27, 1937): 17-18, 24.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 17",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Coe, Nancy. The History of the Collecting of European Paintings and Drawings in the City of Cleveland. Thesis M.A. Oberlin College, 1955.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: vol. 2, p. 76",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "The Bulletin of The Cleveland Museum of Art XLV, no. 6 (June, 1958)",
"page_number": "Reproduced: on cover",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art. In Memoriam: Leonard C. Hanna, Jr. Cleveland: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1958.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: frontispiece, no. 31",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "\"Great Show of French Masters: Cleveland Celebrates Legacy of Hanna Collection.\" Life 45, no. 8 (August 25, 1958): 41-46.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 42",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "The Bulletin of The Cleveland Museum of Art XLVI, no. 6 (June, 1959)",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 122",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Henning, Edward B. \"From Turner to Guston.\" Apollo: A Journal of the Arts 78 (December 1963): 481-488.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 484",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Taft Museum. Color, Light to Palette: [Exhibition, Taft Museum]. [Place of publication not identified]: The Museum, 1900.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: cat. no. 21",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1966. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1966.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 176",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1966/page/n200"
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1969. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1969.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 176",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1969/page/n200"
},
{
"citation": "Renoir, Auguste, and Charles Durand-Ruel. A Loan Exhibition for the Benefit of The American Association of Museums; In Commemoration of the Fiftieth Anniversary of Renoir's Death, March 27-May 3 [1969]. New York: Wildenstein, 1969.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: cat. no. 75",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Daulte, Franc\u0327ois. Auguste Renoir: catalogue raisonne\u0301 de l'\u0153uvre peint. Lausanne, SW: Durand-Ruel, 1971.",
"page_number": "Reproduced p. 55",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Daulte, Franc\u0327ois. Auguste Renoir. Milano, IT: Fratelli Fabbri Editori, 1972.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 52, fig. 3",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Renoir, Auguste, and John Maxon. Paintings by Renoir. [Chicago]: Art Institute of Chicago, 1973.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: cat. no. 57",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1978. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1978.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 218",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1978/page/n238"
},
{
"citation": "Monneret, Sophie. L'impressionnisme et son e\u0301poque: dictionnaire international illustre\u0301. Paris, FR: Denoe\u0308l, 1978.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p.130, 303, vol. 1; p. 181, vol. 2",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "White, Barbara Ehrlich. Renoir, His Life, Art, and Letters. New York, NY: Abrams, 1984.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 194; Mentioned: p. 191",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Renoir, Auguste. Renoir: Hayward Gallery, London, 30 January-21 April 1985, Galeries Nationales Du Grand Palais, Paris, 14 May-2 September 1985, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, 9 October 1985-5 January 1986. [London]: Arts Council of Great Britain, 1985.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: cat. no 87, p. 134, 258",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "House, John. \"Renoir and the Earthly Paradise.\" Oxford Art Journal 8, no. 2 (1985): 21-27.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 24",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Orton, Fred. \"Reactions to Renoir Keep Changing.\" Oxford Art Journal 8, no. 2 (1985): 28-35.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 33",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Wadley, Nicholas. Renoir: A Retrospective. New York, NY: H.L. Levin Associates, 1987.",
"page_number": "Reprooduced: p. 376",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Renoir, Auguste. Runoa\u0304ru ten: 1988-nen 10-gatsu 15-nichi--12-gatsu 11 nichi, Nagoya-shi Bijutsukan. [Nagoya-shi?]: Chu\u0304nichi Shinbunsha, 1988.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: cat no. 40",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Stevenson, Lesley. Renoir. London, UK: Bison Books Ltd, 1991.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 140-141",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Denvir, Bernard. The Chronicle of Impressionism: An Intimate Diary of the Lives and World of the Great Artists. London, UK: Thames and Hudson, 1993.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 207",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Wiggins, Colin. Post-Impressionism. London, UK: Dorling Kindersley in association with the Art Institute of Chicago, 1993.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 44",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Chong, Alan. European & American Painting in the Cleveland Museum of Art: A Summary Catalogue. Cleveland, Ohio: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1993.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 195",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Distel, Anne. Renoir, \"il faut embellir\". [Paris]: Gallimard, 1993.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: 102",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "House, John, Anthea Callen, and Kathleen Adler. Renoir: Master Impressionist. Sydney, AS: Art Exhibitions Australia, 1994.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: fig. 7",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Bothe, Rolf, and Thomas Fo\u0308hl. Aufstieg und Fall der Moderne. Ostfildern: Hatje Cantz, 1999.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 100-101",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "D' Argencourt, Louise, and Roger Diederen. Catalogue of Paintings. Pt. 4. European Paintings of the 19th Century. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1974.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: vol. 2, p. 530-532",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Runowa\u0304ru: itanji kara kyosho\u0304 e no michi, 1870-1892. Nagoya-shi, Japan: Chu\u0304nichi Shinbunsha, 2001.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 162-163",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Jiminez, Jill Berk, and Joanna Banham. Dictionary of Artists' Models. London, UK: Fitzroy Dearborn, 2001.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 118",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Ne\u0301ret, Gilles. Renoir: Painter of Happiness 1841-1919. Ko\u0308ln, DK: Taschen Verlag, 2001.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 282; Mentioned: p. 282-283",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Shone, Richard. The Janice H. Levin Collection of French Art. New York, NY: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2002.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 86",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Rubin, James Henry. Impressionist Cats & Dogs: Pets in the Painting of Modern Life. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2003.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 75, fig. 98",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Brettell, Richard R., Paul Hayes Tucker, and Natalie Henderson Lee. The Robert Lehman Collection III: Nineteenth and Twentieth Century Paintings. New York, N.Y.: Metropolitan Museum of Art in association with Princeton University Press, 2009.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 212, fig. 1",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Renoir: tradition and innovation. Osaka, JP: Yomiuri Shimbun, 2010.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 192-193",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Loire, Stephane. \"L'Emergence du Paysage a Rome: Entre 1600 et 1650.\" L'Estampille 466 (Mars 2011): 48-57.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 55",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Lucy, Martha and John House. Renoir in the Barnes Foundation. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2012.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 131, fig. 1",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Drost, Julia and Alexandre Kostka. Harry Graf Kessler: Portra\u0308t eines europa\u0308ischen Kulturvermittlers. Berlin: Deutscher Kunstverlag, [2015]",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 105, plate III",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Kessler, Harry. Journal: regards sur l'art et les artistes contemporains, 1889-1937. Paris : \u00c9ditions Fondation Maison des sciences de l\u2019homme, [2017].",
"page_number": "Reproduced: pl. 14",
"url": null
}
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"creditline": "Bequest of Leonard C. Hanna Jr.",
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{
"id": 1765,
"description": "Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French, 1841\u20131919)",
"extent": null,
"qualifier": null,
"role": "artist",
"biography": "Renoir's parents, a tailor and a dressmaker, moved their family to Paris in 1844. At age thirteen Renoir apprenticed with the porcelain decorators Levy Fr\u00e8res & Cie. He earned money by painting fans, blinds, and murals for caf\u00e9s. In 1860 he registered to copy Old Master paintings in the Louvre and, the following year, entered the studio of Charles Gleyre (1806-1874), where he met Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Bazille (1841-1870), Monet (q.v.), and Sisley (q.v.). In 1862 he was also accepted at the \u00c9cole des Beaux-Arts. With his friends from Gleyre's studio, he began working en plein air and, during a visit to the forest of Fontainebleau, was introduced to Diaz de la Pe\u00f1a (q.v.). After a failed attempt in 1863, Renoir's first painting was accepted at the Salon of 1864, the same year he painted Cleveland's portrait of Romaine Lacaux. More typical of this early period, however, is the painting Diana the Huntress (1867, National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.), which reveals Courbet's (q.v.) influence. Around 1867 Renoir shared a studio with Bazille and Monet, the latter becoming an important influence on his art. Renoir and Monet's comparable impressionist style during this period is evident in two paintings each made at La grenouill\u00e8re (all four titled La grenouill\u00e8re, 1869: Nationalmuseum, Stockholm, and Pushkin Museum, Moscow [Renoir]; National Gallery, London, and Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York [Monet]),1 a bathing establishment on the Seine. After Renoir's military service during the Franco-Prussian War (1870-71), Monet introduced him to the dealer Durand-Ruel, who began purchasing his works. Renoir's submissions to the Salon were regularly refused, which encouraged him to participate in the first impressionist exhibition in 1874 and the 1875 auction at H\u00f4tel Drouot, where his works were ridiculed by the critics. At the third impressionist exhibition in 1877, he showed Ball at the Moulin de la Galette (1876, Mus\u00e9e d'Orsay, Paris), in which he addressed a subject of modern life, one of his most characteristic impressionist paintings on a grand scale, with a rich pattern of light and shadow. In 1878 he returned to the Salon and became quite successful, establishing his reputation as a portraitist (1878, Mme Charpentier and her Children, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York). He continued to use this official venue for the next several years, declining to exhibit with the impressionists. This decision was partly generated by the fact that his newfound clientele would be more appreciative of his participating in the Salon. He was supported by his patrons, particularly the Charpentiers, owners of a publishing house, whose journal La vie moderne furthered Renoir's reputation. After a trip to North Africa and Italy in 1881, he joined C\u00e9zanne at L'Estaque. Throughout the 1880s and 1890s Renoir traveled extensively through Brittany, Normandy, Provence, and Spain. In the mid-1880s he began to experiment with more linear contours, the application of thinner paint layers, and smoother brush strokes. This so-called Ingresque period, which had a very mixed reception, lasted for about six years. He then reflected upon the achievements of the Old Masters and favored a more fluid style, after which he returned to using broader brush strokes and more vibrant colors. In 1886 he was given a one-man show by Durand-Ruel. By 1900 Renoir was an established artist: he became Chevalier of the Legion of Honor in 1900 and four years later was honored at the Salon d'Automne with a gallery devoted to his works. Beginning in 1912 he suffered from rheumatism and began using a wheelchair, yet he continued to work until the end of his life. He now often stayed in southern France, where he owned property in Cagnes-sur-Mer. Renoir regularly exhibited his works at the Durand-Ruel and Bernheim-Jeune galleries in Paris, as well as elsewhere in Europe and in the United States.",
"name_in_original_language": null,
"birth_year": "1841",
"death_year": "1919",
"use_in_caption": true,
"include_extent": false,
"weight": 1
}
],
"legal_status": "accessioned",
"accession_date": "1958-11-29T00:00:00",
"sortable_date": 1885,
"date_added_to_oa": null,
"date_text": "c. 1890",
"collapse_artists": false,
"on_loan": false,
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"record_type": "object",
"conservation_statement": null,
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"cover_accession_number": null,
"is_nazi_era_provenance": true,
"impression": null,
"alternate_titles": [],
"is_highlight": false,
"updated_at": "2026-03-26 23:59:48.645000"
}
}