{
"data": {
"id": 135736,
"accession_number": "1959.272",
"share_license_status": "CC0",
"tombstone": "Bifolium from a Bible: Initial E[t factum est] with Ezekiel, c. 1290. France, Paris. Ink, tempera, and gold on vellum; sheet: 40.3 x 53.7 cm (15 7/8 x 21 1/8 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, The Harold T. Clark Educational Extension Fund, 1959.272",
"current_location": null,
"title": "Bifolium from a Bible: Initial E[t factum est] with Ezekiel",
"creation_date": "c. 1290",
"creation_date_earliest": 1285,
"creation_date_latest": 1295,
"artists_tags": [],
"culture": [
"France, Paris"
],
"technique": "ink, tempera, and gold on vellum",
"support_materials": [],
"department": "Medieval Art",
"collection": "MED - Manuscript Illuminations",
"type": "Manuscript",
"measurements": "Sheet: 40.3 x 53.7 cm (15 7/8 x 21 1/8 in.)",
"dimensions": {
"sheet": {
"height": 0.403,
"height_inch": 15,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.875,
"width": 0.537,
"width_inch": 21,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.125
}
},
"state_of_the_work": null,
"edition_of_the_work": null,
"copyright": null,
"inscriptions": [],
"exhibitions": {
"current": [
{
"id": 311443,
"title": "Scriptorium: The Illuminated Book in Medieval Art",
"description": "Scriptorium: The Illuminated Book in Medieval Art. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (November 5, 1991-February 2, 1992).",
"opening_date": "1991-11-05T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 311502,
"title": "The Decorated Letter and the Illuminator's Art",
"description": "The Decorated Letter and the Illuminator's Art. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (September 25-December 19, 1993).",
"opening_date": "1993-09-25T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 179437,
"title": "Illuminated Manuscripts",
"description": "Illuminated Manuscripts. The Cleveland Museum of Art (organizer) (October 10, 2004-October 2, 2005).",
"opening_date": "2004-10-10T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 196935,
"title": "The Glory of the Painted Page: Manuscript Illuminations from the Permanent Collection",
"description": "The Glory of the Painted Page: Manuscript Illuminations from the Permanent Collection. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (November 6, 2010-April 17, 2011).",
"opening_date": "2010-11-06T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 302268,
"title": "Devotion and Learning in the Middle Ages",
"description": "Devotion and Learning in the Middle Ages. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (December 4, 2017-December 3, 2018).",
"opening_date": "2017-12-04T05:00:00"
}
],
"legacy": [
{
"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art (10/10/2004 - 10/02/2005); \"Illuminated Manuscripts\"",
"opening_date": "2004-10-10T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "Cleveland Museum of Art, (11/06/2010 - 04/17/2011); \"The Glory Of the Painted Page: Manuscript Illuminations from the Permanent Collections\"",
"opening_date": "2010-11-06T00:00:00"
}
]
},
"provenance": [
{
"description": "Mrs. Otto F. Ege, Cleveland, OH, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "?-1959",
"sortorder": 1
},
{
"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "1959-",
"sortorder": 2
}
],
"find_spot": null,
"related_works": [],
"former_accession_numbers": [],
"did_you_know": "This bifolium was likely once part of a Carthusian Bible; the initials in the margin are part of a unique reading system used by Carthusian monks.",
"early_education_description": null,
"artlens_description": null,
"description": "This large initial E on the left page introduces the Book of Ezekiel. The prophet is represented in the midst of his apocalyptic visions. Ezekiel's call to prophecy began as a vision showing God enthroned among four creatures, each with four wings and the face of a man, lion, ox, and eagle, respectively. These apocalyptic beasts recur in the Book of Revelation and were developed by the medieval Church into symbols of the Evangelists: Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John. Since medieval manuscripts were not paginated, this large initial provided a clear visual cue for the reader to help locate the text of Ezekiel within the manuscript.",
"external_resources": {
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"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80029285"
],
"internet_archive": [
"https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1959.272-bifolium-from-a-bibl"
]
},
"citations": [],
"url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1959.272",
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"creditline": "The Harold T. Clark Educational Extension Fund",
"image_credit": null,
"sketchfab_id": null,
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"athena_id": 135736,
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"sortable_date": 1285,
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"updated_at": "2026-05-29 06:56:09.421000"
}
}