{
"data": {
"id": 135931,
"accession_number": "1959.43",
"share_license_status": "CC0",
"tombstone": "Saint Stephen, 1502\u20138. Tilman Riemenschneider (German, active W\u00fcrzburg, c. 1460\u20131531). Lindenwood with polychromy and gilding; overall: 93.5 x 35 x 23.5 cm (36 13/16 x 13 3/4 x 9 1/4 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Leonard C. Hanna Jr. Fund, 1959.43",
"current_location": "111 German and Austrian Gothic",
"title": "Saint Stephen",
"creation_date": "1502\u20138",
"creation_date_earliest": 1502,
"creation_date_latest": 1508,
"artists_tags": [
"male"
],
"culture": [
"Germany, W\u00fcrzburg, 16th century"
],
"technique": "lindenwood with polychromy and gilding",
"support_materials": [],
"department": "Medieval Art",
"collection": "MED - Gothic",
"type": "Sculpture",
"measurements": "Overall: 93.5 x 35 x 23.5 cm (36 13/16 x 13 3/4 x 9 1/4 in.)",
"dimensions": {
"overall": {
"height": 0.935,
"height_inch": 36,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.8125,
"width": 0.35,
"width_inch": 13,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.75,
"depth": 0.235,
"depth_inch": 9,
"depth_inch_fraction": 0.25
}
},
"state_of_the_work": null,
"edition_of_the_work": null,
"copyright": null,
"inscriptions": [],
"exhibitions": {
"current": [
{
"id": 302145,
"title": "Traditions and Revisions: Themes from the History of Sculpture",
"description": "Traditions and Revisions: Themes from the History of Sculpture. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (September 24-November 16, 1975).",
"opening_date": "1975-09-24T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 177124,
"title": "Tilman Riemenschneider: Master Sculptor of the Late Middle Ages",
"description": "Tilman Riemenschneider: Master Sculptor of the Late Middle Ages. National Gallery of Art, Landover, MD (organizer) (October 3, 1999-January 9, 2000); The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, NY (February 7-May 14, 2000).",
"opening_date": "1999-10-03T00:00:00"
}
],
"legacy": []
},
"provenance": [
{
"description": "Richard von Passavant-Gontard, Frankfurt-am-Main, Germany",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": null,
"sortorder": 1
},
{
"description": "C. von Pannwitz, Bennebroek, The Netherlands",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": null,
"sortorder": 2
},
{
"description": "(Rosenberg & Stiebel, New York, NY, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "?-1959",
"sortorder": 3
},
{
"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH",
"citations": [],
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"date": "1959-",
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"related_works": [
{
"id": 135920,
"description": "Saint Lawrence, 1502\u20138. Tilman Riemenschneider (German, active W\u00fcrzburg, c. 1460\u20131531). Lindenwood with polychromy and gilding; overall: 93.8 x 38.5 x 21.8 cm (36 15/16 x 15 3/16 x 8 9/16 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Leonard C. Hanna Jr. Fund, 1959.42",
"relationship": null
}
],
"former_accession_numbers": [],
"did_you_know": "Tilman Riemenschneider (c. 1460\u20131531) is probably the most famous German sculptor of the period around 1500.",
"early_education_description": null,
"artlens_description": null,
"description": "This sculpture, along with that of Saint Lawrence (1959.42) and two others in Germany, are believed to be the remaining fragments of a large altarpiece carved by Riemenschneider for the Dominican convent in Rothenburg in Franconia (demolished in 1813). Saints Stephen and Lawrence both wear the dalmatic to indicate their status as deacons in the early church. Each holds a symbol of his martyrdom; here, Saint Stephen cradles some stones to indicate his death by stoning. Art in Germany through the early 1500s remained firmly anchored in the late Gothic style with its associated interests in realism. Riemenschneider was one of the most prolific and versatile sculptors of this style, a recognized master in both stone and wood. His flourishing workshop employed as many as 40 apprentices in sculpting, woodcarving, and painting. His sculptures are noted for the dreamy, melancholy, and introspective quality in their expressions, as well as their remarkable attention to detail.",
"external_resources": {
"wikidata": [
"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60761249"
],
"internet_archive": [
"https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1959.43-saint-stephen"
]
},
"citations": [
{
"citation": "Feulner, Adolf, and Theodor Mu\u0308ller. Geschichte der deutschen Plastik. Mu\u0308nchen: F. Bruckmann, 1887.",
"page_number": "p. 165",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Riemenschneider, Tilman, and Carl Streit. Tylmann Riemenschneider: 1460-1531 ; Leben und Kunstwerke des fra\u0308nkischen Bildschnitzers. 1 (1888) 1 (1888). Berlin: Wasmuth, 1888.",
"page_number": "pl. 23",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "T\u00f6nies,Eduard \"Leben und Werke des W\u00fcrzburger Bildscnitzers Tilmann Riemenschneider\" Studien zur deutschen Kunstgeschichte XXII (1900).",
"page_number": "p. 261, nos. 2,3",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Weber, Anton, and A. Schnizlein. Til Riemenschneider: sein Leben und Wirken. Regensburg: J. Habbel, 1911.",
"page_number": "pp. 192, 247",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Schmitt, Otto, and Georg Swarzenski. Meisterwerke der bildhauerkunst in Frankfurter privatbesitz. Frankfurt am Main: Frankfurter kunstverein, 1921.",
"page_number": "p. 28, nos. 138-9, pl. 138-9",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Bier, Justus, and Tilman Riemenschneider. Tilmann Riemenschneider. Augsburg: Filser, 1925.",
"page_number": "p. 10",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Sta\u0308delsches Kunstinstitut (Frankfurt am Main, Germany). Sammlung R. von Passavant-Gontard. Frankfurt am Main: Sta\u0308dtelsches Kunstinstitut, 1929.",
"page_number": null,
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Schilling, R. \"Ausstellung der Sammlung R. v. Passavant-Gontard im St\u00e4delschen Kunstinstitut,\" Pantheon III (April, 1929).",
"page_number": "pp. 185, 187",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Allgemeines Lexikon der bildenden Kunstler von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart. 28, 28. Allgemeines Lexikon Der Bildenden Kunstler Von Der Antike Bis Zur Gegenwart / Unter Mitwirkung Von 320 Fachgelehrten Des In- Und Auslandes ; Herausgegeben Von Ulrich Thieme Und Felix Becker. Leipzig: E.A. Seeman, 1934.",
"page_number": "pp. 333-4",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art, \u201cSaint Lawrence and Saint Stephen,\u201d September 14, 1959, Cleveland Museum of Art Archives.",
"page_number": null,
"url": "https://archive.org/details/cmapr0434"
},
{
"citation": "Wixom, William. \"Two Lindenwood Sculptures.\" The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 46, no. 9 (November 1959): 189-197.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 189; Reproduced: cover, p. 189, 192",
"url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/25142360"
},
{
"citation": "Bier, Justus, Art Quarterly XXIII, 3 (Autumn 1960).",
"page_number": "pp. 215-227, figs 1, 6, 10, 12",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Suppl. \u00e0 la Gazette des Beaux-Arts no. 1092 (January 1960).",
"page_number": "p. 34, no. 113",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Wixom, William D. Two Lindenwood Sculptures by Tillmann Riemenschneider. Thesis--New York University, February 1963, 1963.",
"page_number": null,
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1966. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1966.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 76",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1966/page/n100"
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1969. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1969.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 76",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1969/page/n100"
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1978. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1978.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 87",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1978/page/n107"
},
{
"citation": "Bier, Justus, and Tilman Riemenschneider. Tilmann Riemenschneider, His Life and Work. Lexington, KY: University Press of Kentucky, 1982.",
"page_number": null,
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Riemenschneider, Tilman, Julien Chapuis, and Michael Baxandall. Tilman Riemenschneider: Master Sculptor of the Late Middle Ages. 1999.",
"page_number": "pp. 199-202, Cat. no. 32A",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Kalden-Rosenfeld, Iris. Tilman Riemenschneider und seine Werkstatt: mit einem Katalog der allgemein als Arbeiten Riemenschneiders und seiner Werkstatt akzeptierten Werke. Ko\u0308nigstein im Taunus: Langewiesche, 2001.",
"page_number": "p. 127, no. 173, kat. 14",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art, and Holger A. Klein. Sacred Gifts and Worldly Treasures: Medieval Masterworks from the Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland, Ohio: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2007.",
"page_number": "p. 24",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Eikelmann, Renate, Holger A. Klein, Stephen N. Fliegel, and Virginia Brilliant. The Cleveland Museum of Art: Meisterwerke von 300 bis 1550. Mu\u0308nchen: Hirmer, 2007.",
"page_number": "p. 19, fig. 12",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Krohm, Hartmut, and Tobias Kunz. Nicht die Bibliothek, sondern das Auge: westeuropa\u0308ische Skulptur und Malerei an der Wende zur Neuzeit : Beitra\u0308ge zu Ehren von Hartmut Krohm. Petersberg: M. Imhof, 2008.",
"page_number": "p. 263, abb. 1",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art, David Franklin, and C. Griffith Mann. Treasures from the Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland, OH: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2012.",
"page_number": "pp. 158-9",
"url": null
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{
"citation": "Fliegel, Stephen N., and Stephen N. Fliegel. A Higher Contemplation: Sacred Meaning in the Christian Art of the Middle Ages. Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Press, 2012.",
"page_number": "p. 48, fig. 39",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Fliegel, Stephen N. \"Medieval Masterpieces.\" Cleveland Art: Cleveland Museum of Art Members Magazine 52, no. 4 (July/August 2012): 13-15.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 15",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAMM2012-04/page/12/mode/2up"
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{
"citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art. The CMA Companion: A Guide to the Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2014.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: P. 281",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Gertsman, Elina, and Stephen N. Fliegel. Collectors, Commissioners, Curators: Studies in Medieval Art for Stephen N. Fliegel. Berlin ; Boston : De Gruyter ; [Kalamazoo, Michigan] : Medieval Institute Publications, 2023.",
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