{
    "data": {
        "id": 136510,
        "accession_number": "1960.81",
        "share_license_status": "CC0",
        "tombstone": "Water Lilies (Agapanthus), c. 1915\u201326. Claude Monet (French, 1840\u20131926). Oil on canvas; framed: 204.9 x 430.3 x 6 cm (80 11/16 x 169 7/16 x 2 3/8 in.); unframed: 201.3 x 425.6 cm (79 1/4 x 167 9/16 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, John L. Severance Fund and an anonymous gift, 1960.81",
        "current_location": "222 Impressionism & Post-Impressionism",
        "title": "Water Lilies (Agapanthus)",
        "creation_date": "c. 1915\u201326",
        "creation_date_earliest": 1915,
        "creation_date_latest": 1926,
        "artists_tags": [
            "male"
        ],
        "culture": [
            "France, late 19th century-early 20th century"
        ],
        "technique": "oil on canvas",
        "support_materials": [],
        "department": "Modern European Painting and Sculpture",
        "collection": "Mod Euro - Painting 1800-1960",
        "type": "Painting",
        "measurements": "Framed: 204.9 x 430.3 x 6 cm (80 11/16 x 169 7/16 x 2 3/8 in.); Unframed: 201.3 x 425.6 cm (79 1/4 x 167 9/16 in.)",
        "dimensions": {
            "framed": {
                "height": 2.049,
                "height_inch": 80,
                "height_inch_fraction": 0.6875,
                "width": 4.303,
                "width_inch": 169,
                "width_inch_fraction": 0.4375,
                "depth": 0.06,
                "depth_inch": 2,
                "depth_inch_fraction": 0.375
            },
            "unframed": {
                "height": 2.013,
                "height_inch": 79,
                "height_inch_fraction": 0.25,
                "width": 4.256,
                "width_inch": 167,
                "width_inch_fraction": 0.5625
            }
        },
        "state_of_the_work": null,
        "edition_of_the_work": null,
        "copyright": null,
        "inscriptions": [
            {
                "inscription": "Estate stamp lower left: Claude Monet\r\n",
                "inscription_translation": null,
                "inscription_remark": null,
                "sortorder": null
            }
        ],
        "exhibitions": {
            "current": [
                {
                    "id": 302007,
                    "title": "Paths of Abstract Art",
                    "description": "<i>Paths of Abstract Art</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (October 5-November 13, 1960).",
                    "opening_date": "1960-10-05T04:00:00"
                },
                {
                    "id": 302015,
                    "title": "Year in Review - Nineteen Hundred Sixty",
                    "description": "<i>Year in Review - Nineteen Hundred Sixty</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (November 30, 1960-January 1, 1961).",
                    "opening_date": "1960-11-30T05:00:00"
                },
                {
                    "id": 300779,
                    "title": "Juxtapositions",
                    "description": "<i>Juxtapositions</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (September 11-October 10, 1965).",
                    "opening_date": "1965-09-11T04:00:00"
                },
                {
                    "id": 300904,
                    "title": "Fifty Years of Modern Art",
                    "description": "<i>Fifty Years of Modern Art</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (June 15-July 31, 1966).",
                    "opening_date": "1966-06-15T04:00:00"
                },
                {
                    "id": 301375,
                    "title": "Color and Field, 1890 - 1970",
                    "description": "<i>Color and Field, 1890 - 1970</i>. Buffalo AKG Art Museum, Buffalo, NY (organizer) (September 15-November 1, 1970); Dayton Art Institute, Dayton, OH (November 20, 1970-January 10, 1971); The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (February 3-March 14, 1971).",
                    "opening_date": "1970-09-15T04:00:00"
                },
                {
                    "id": 343654,
                    "title": "Monet's Years at Giverny: Beyond Impressionism",
                    "description": "<i>Monet's Years at Giverny: Beyond Impressionism</i>. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, NY (organizer) (co-organizer) (April 22-July 9, 1978); Saint Louis Art Museum, St. Louis, MO (co-organizer) (August 1-October 8, 1978).",
                    "opening_date": "1978-04-22T05:00:00"
                },
                {
                    "id": 304401,
                    "title": "The Monet Triptych: Water Lilies",
                    "description": "<i>The Monet Triptych: Water Lilies</i>. The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, Kansas City, MO (organizer) (co-organizer) (April 5-June 15, 1979); The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (September 18, 1979-February 17, 1980); Saint Louis Art Museum, St. Louis, MO (co-organizer) (April 1-September 1, 1980).",
                    "opening_date": "1979-04-05T05:00:00"
                },
                {
                    "id": 310025,
                    "title": "Creativity in Art and Science, 1860-1960",
                    "description": "<i>Creativity in Art and Science, 1860-1960</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (September 16-November 8, 1987).",
                    "opening_date": "1987-09-16T04:00:00"
                },
                {
                    "id": 179631,
                    "title": "CMA Highlights",
                    "description": "<i>CMA Highlights</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art (organizer) (June 21-September 11, 2005).",
                    "opening_date": "2005-06-21T00:00:00"
                },
                {
                    "id": 182153,
                    "title": "Monet to Dal\u00ed: Modern Masters from the Cleveland Museum of Art",
                    "description": "<i>Monet to Dal\u00ed: Modern Masters from the Cleveland Museum of Art</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (October 21, 2007-January 13, 2008).",
                    "opening_date": "2006-05-27T00:00:00"
                },
                {
                    "id": 208590,
                    "title": "Monet in Normandy",
                    "description": "<i>Monet in Normandy</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (February 18-May 28, 2007).",
                    "opening_date": "2006-06-17T00:00:00"
                },
                {
                    "id": 214130,
                    "title": "Monet's Water Lilies",
                    "description": "<i>Monet's Water Lilies</i>. The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, Kansas City, MO (organizer) (April 9-August 7, 2011); Saint Louis Art Museum, St. Louis, MO (October 2, 2011-January 22, 2012).",
                    "opening_date": "2011-04-09T00:00:00"
                },
                {
                    "id": 201332,
                    "title": "Painting the Modern Garden: Monet to Matisse",
                    "description": "<i>Painting the Modern Garden: Monet to Matisse</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (October 6, 2015-January 5, 2016); Royal Academy of Arts, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (January 30-April 20, 2016).",
                    "opening_date": "2015-10-06T00:00:00"
                },
                {
                    "id": 438645,
                    "title": "Monet / Mitchell",
                    "description": "<i>Monet / Mitchell</i>. Fondation Louis Vuitton, Paris, France (organizer) (October 5, 2022-February 27, 2023).",
                    "opening_date": "2022-10-05T04:00:00"
                },
                {
                    "id": 662787,
                    "title": "Monet in Focus",
                    "description": "<i>Monet in Focus</i>. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (March 31-August 11, 2024).",
                    "opening_date": "2023-10-28T04:00:00"
                }
            ],
            "legacy": [
                {
                    "description": "<em>Claude Monet.</em> City Art Museum of St. Louis, St. Louis, MO; Minneapolis Institute of Arts, Minneapolis, MN (1957).",
                    "opening_date": "1957-01-01T00:00:00"
                },
                {
                    "description": "<em>Essence of Nations</em>. Valley House Gallery, Dallas, TX (November 1\u201314, 1959).",
                    "opening_date": "1959-11-01T05:00:00Z"
                }
            ]
        },
        "provenance": [
            {
                "description": "Estate of the artist.",
                "citations": [],
                "footnotes": null,
                "date": null,
                "sortorder": 1
            },
            {
                "description": "Michel Monet, Giverny, through 1950 (according to Connaissance des arts 1966).",
                "citations": [],
                "footnotes": [],
                "date": null,
                "sortorder": 2
            },
            {
                "description": "Katia Granoff, Paris. Bought from her by Knoedler & Co. (stock number a 6420), July 1956.",
                "citations": [],
                "footnotes": [],
                "date": null,
                "sortorder": 3
            },
            {
                "description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH",
                "citations": [],
                "footnotes": [],
                "date": "1960-",
                "sortorder": 4
            }
        ],
        "find_spot": null,
        "related_works": [],
        "former_accession_numbers": [],
        "did_you_know": "Water lilies were a recurring theme in Monet's work; he painted around 250 water lily compositions.",
        "early_education_description": null,
        "artlens_description": null,
        "description": "A skilled horticulturalist as well as an artist, Claude Monet spent the last 30 years of his life painting the private garden he designed and helped cultivate at his home in Giverny in northern France. The resultant canvases are notable for their varied motifs, formats, and sizes. Monumental in scale, this rendering of his water lily pond focuses on the momentary effects of sunlight as it both penetrates and reflects off its shimmering surface. By zeroing in on the water and omitting its horizon and surrounding banks, Monet infers a limitless expanse\u2014a perception amplified by the painting\u2019s vast horizontal format that fills the viewer\u2019s field of vision.",
        "external_resources": {
            "wikidata": [
                "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60465880"
            ],
            "internet_archive": [
                "https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1960.81-water-lilies-agapant"
            ]
        },
        "citations": [
            {
                "citation": "City Art Museum of St. Louis. <em>Claude Monet, a Loan Exhibition</em>. 1957.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: cat. no. 93",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Sloane, J. C. \"The Art of Impressionism: From Romanticism to Avant-Garde.\" In <em>Romantic Art</em>. Hilton Kramer, ed. New York: Art Digest, Inc, 1958.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 129",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Spaeth, Eloise. <em>American Art Museums and Galleries: An Introduction to Looking</em>. New York, NY: Harper &amp; Brothers, 1960.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 20",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "<em>The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art XLVII</em>. Cleveland: [The Museum] 1960.",
                "page_number": "Mentioned: p. 253; No. 66",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Francis, Henry. \"Claude Monet-- Water Lilies.\" <em>The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art </em>47 (October 1960): 192-198.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: 192-193",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Henning, E. B. \"Cleveland Museum of Art: From Turner to Gaston.\" <em>Apollo: A Journal of the Arts </em>78 (December 1963): 481-488.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 484-485",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Forge, Andrew. <em>French Impressionists. </em>London United Kingdom: British Broadcasting Corporation, 1966.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: fig. 38",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. <em>Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1966</em>. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1966.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 197",
                "url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1966/page/n221"
            },
            {
                "citation": "\"Waterlilies.\" <em>Art in America: An Illustrated Magazine </em>54 (March 1966): 32.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 32",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Alsop, Joseph. \"Les Chefs-d'oeuvre de Premiere Importance du Second Musee des Etats-Unis.\" <em>Connaissance des Arts</em> 172 (June 1966): 54-63.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 57, 60",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Lee, Sherman E. \"The Forest and the Trees and Chinese Painting.\" <em>National Palace Museum Quarterly </em>\u6545\u5bae\u9031\u520a 1, no. 2 (October 1966): 1\u201314.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: Pl. 1-A",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. <em>Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1969</em>. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1969.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 197",
                "url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1969/page/n221"
            },
            {
                "citation": "Henning, Edward B. \"Color and Field.\" <em>Art International </em>15 (May 1971): 46-50.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 46",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Rouart, Denis, Jean Dominique Rey, Robert Maillard. <em>Monet, nymphe\u0301as; ou</em>, <em>Les miroirs du temps</em>. Paris, France: F. Hazan, 1972.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 177",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Wildenstein, Daniel. Claude Monet: Biographie et Catalogue Raisonne\u0301. Lausanne: La Bibliothe\u0300que des arts, 1974.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced and mentioned: vol. 4, p. 316-322, no. 1975",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "House, John. <em>Monet</em>. London, United Kingdom: Oxford, 1977.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: pl. 47, Mentioned: p. 12-13",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Bell, Clive. <em>The French Impressionists</em>. London, United Kingdom: Phaidon Press, 1978.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: Fig. 46",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Isaacson, Joel. <em>Claude Monet, Observation and Reflection</em>. Oxford, United Kingdom: Phaidon, 1978.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 176",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Moffett, Charles S. <em>Monet's Water Lilies</em>. Mount Vernon, NY: Artist's Ltd. Edition, 1978.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: Pl 6",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. <em>Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1978</em>. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1978.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 220",
                "url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1978/page/n240"
            },
            {
                "citation": "Monet, Claude. <em>Monet's Years at Giverny: Beyond Impressionism</em>. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1978.",
                "page_number": "Referenced: cat. no. 76, Reproduced",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Gordon, Robert, and Charles F. Stuckey. \"Blossoms and Blunders: Monet and the State.\" <em>Art in America: An Illustrated Magazine </em>67 (January 1979): 102-117.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 112, fig. 12",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Stuckey, Charles F. \"Blossoms and Blunders: Monet and the State; II.\" <em>Art in America</em> 67 (May 1979): 109-125.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 125",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Kelder, Diane. <em>The Great Book of French Impressionism</em>. New York, NY: Abbeville Press, 1980.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 221-222",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "<em>The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art LXVII</em>. Cleveland: [The Museum] 1980.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 187; Mentioned: p. 189",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Failing, Patricia. \"The Case of the Dismembered Masterpieces.\" <em>ARTnews </em>79 (September 1980): 66-78.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 76-77",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "House, John. <em>Monet</em>. Oxford, United Kingdom: Phaidon, 1981.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: No. 47",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Cowart, Jack. \"Impressionist and Post-impressionist Paintings.\" <em>Bulletin (St. Louis Art Museum)</em> 16, no. 2 (1982): 1-35.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 23",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Borowitz, Helen O. \"The Rembrandt and Monet of Marcel Proust.\" <em>The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art LXX, </em>no. 2 (February, 1983):73-95.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 88, fig. 14",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Peters, Mike, and Marilyn Jarvis. <em>The World of Cartooning: How Caricatures Develop</em>. Dayton, OH: Landfall Press, 1985.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 16",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Larson, Dean M. <em>Studying with the Masters: Lessons from Rubens, Vela\u0301zquez, Turner, Degas, Monet, Sargent, Matisse</em>. New York, NY: Watson-Guptill Publications, 1986.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 86",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Henning, Edward B. <em>Creativity in Art and Science, 1860-1960</em>. [Cleveland, Ohio]: Published by the Cleveland Museum of Art in cooperation with Indiana University Press, 1987.",
                "page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: P. 97, no. 4",
                "url": ""
            },
            {
                "citation": "Stuckey, Charles F. <em>Waterlilies</em>. New York, NY: H.L. Levin Associates, 1988.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 83",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Thomson, Belinda, and Michael Howard. <em>Impressionism</em>. London, United Kingdom: Bison Books, 1988.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 124-125",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Sagner-Du\u0308chting, Karin. <em>Claude Monet, 1840-1926: ein Fest fu\u0308r die Augen</em>. Ko\u0308ln,Germany: Benedikt Taschen Verlag, 1990.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 207",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Strickland, Carol, and John Boswell. <em>The Annotated Mona Lisa: A Crash Course in Art History from Prehistoric to Post-Modern</em>. Kansas City: Andrews and McMeel, 1992.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 103",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art. <em>Masterpieces from East and West.</em> New York, NY: Rizzoli International, 1992.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 166-167",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Chong, Alan. <em>European &amp; American Painting in the Cleveland Museum of Art: A Summary Catalogu</em>e. Cleveland, Ohio: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1993.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 159",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "\"1993 Annual Report.\" <em>The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art</em> 81, no. 6 (1994): 143-218.",
                "page_number": "Mentioned: p. 177",
                "url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/25161457"
            },
            {
                "citation": "Pelfrey, Robert H. <em>Art and Mass Media.</em> Dubuque, IA: Kendall/Hunt, 1996.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 169, fig. 7,8",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Wildenstein, Daniel. <em>Monet</em>. Ko\u0308ln, Germany: Taschen, 1996.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: vol. 1, p. 436",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Sagner-Duchting, Karin. <em>Claude Monet, 1840-1926: A Feast for the Eyes</em>. Ko\u0308ln, Germany: Benedikt Taschen, 1998.",
                "page_number": "Reporduced: p. 119",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Museo del Palacio de Bellas Artes (Mexico). <em>Maestros del impresionismo</em>. Me\u0301xico, D.F.: Istituto Nacional de Bellas Artes, 1998.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 59, fig. 14",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "D' Argencourt, Louise and Roger Diederen. <em>The Cleveland Museum of Art: Catalogue of Paintings, Part Four; European Paintings of the 19th Century</em>. Cleveland, OH:The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1999.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 159",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Wildenstein, Daniel. <em>Monet, or, The Triumph of Impressionism</em>. Ko\u0308ln, Germany: Taschen,1999.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 436-437.",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "May, Sally Ruth, Jane Takac, and Barbara J. Bradley. <em>Knockouts: A Pocket Guide</em>. Cleveland, OH: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2001.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 56-57, no. 58",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Lemonedes, Heather, Lynn Federle Orr, and David H. Steel. <em>Monet in Normandy</em>. New York, NY: Rizzoli, 2006.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 178",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Lemonedes, Heather, \"FILL THIS\", Cleveland Museum of Art. <em>Cleveland Art: The Cleveland Museum of Art Members Magazine</em>. Vol. 47 no. 02, February 2007",
                "page_number": "Mentioned & reproduced: p. 5",
                "url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAMM2007-02/page/n3"
            },
            {
                "citation": "Rey, Jean Dominique, and Denis Rouart. <em>Monet, Water Lilies: The Complete</em> <em>Series</em>. Paris, France: Flammarion, 2008.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 145",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Franklin, David and C. Griffith Mann. <em>Treasures from the Cleveland Museum of Art.</em> Cleveland, OH: London, United Kingdom: Scala Books, 2012.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 302-303",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art. <em>The CMA Companion: A Guide to the Cleveland Museum of Art</em>. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2014.",
                "page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: P. 298",
                "url": ""
            },
            {
                "citation": "Dumas, Ann, William H. Robinson, Clare A. P. Willsdon, Monty Don, James Priest, and Heather Lemonedes. <em>Painting the Modern Garden: Monet to Matisse</em>. London, United Kingdom : Royal Academy of Arts, 2015.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: P. 290",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Dumas, Ann, William H. Robinson, Clare A. P. Willsdon, Monty Don, James Priest, Heather Lemonedes, and Lucy I. Zimmerman.<em> Painting the Modern Garden: Monet to Matisse</em>. London: Royal Academy of Arts, 2015.",
                "page_number": "290, cat no. 139",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Robinson, William. \u201cEasels in Eden: Renowned garden historian Eric Haskell is the keynote speaker at the opening for <em>Painting the Modern Garden: Monet to </em>Matisse.\u201d <em>Cleveland Art: Cleveland Museum of Art Members Magazine</em> 55, no. 4 (July/August): 10-11.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 10; Mentioned: p. 11",
                "url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAMM2015-04"
            },
            {
                "citation": "The Burlington Magazine. \"Exhibitions: Paintiing in the Modern Garden.\" <em>The Burlington Magazine </em>158, no. 1357 (April 2016): 300-301.<em><br></em>",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 301",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Adams, Henry. \"The Invisible Man: William Robinson.\" <em>CAN Journal </em>(Spring 2017): 80-83.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 83",
                "url": ""
            },
            {
                "citation": "Amiot-Saulnier, Emmanuelle. \"Le Jardin de Monet a Matisse.\" <em>L'Estampille, l'objet d'art</em> 521, (Mar. 2016): 28-35.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: p. 30",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Kelly, Simon. \"\"My Four Best Series\": Monet's Panorama at the Hotel Biron.\" In <em>Monet: the Late Years.</em> Shackelford, George T. M., ed., 46-61. Fort Worth, Texas: Kimbell Art Museum; San Francisco: Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco, New Haven; London: Distributed by Yale University Press, 2019.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: P. 48-49,50, 59",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Shackelford, George T. M. <em>Monet: the Late Years. </em>Fort Worth, Texas: Kimbell Art Museum; San Francisco: Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco, New Haven; London: Distributed by Yale University Press, 2019.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: P. 159",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Arendsee, M., and M. Steinman-Arendsee. \"Take the CAN disability aesthetics tour, at the Cleveland Museum of art.\" <em>CAN Journal</em> (Winter 2019/20): 76-87.",
                "page_number": "Mentioned: p. 81",
                "url": null
            },
            {
                "citation": "Goldin, Marco. <em>Il Giardino e la Luna: Arte dell'Ottocento dal Romanticismo all'Impressionismo. </em>Milano: La nave di Teseo, 2021.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: P. 508-509",
                "url": ""
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            {
                "citation": "Page\u0301, Suzanne, Angeline Scherf, and Marianne Mathieu. <em>Claude Monet, Joan Mitchell.</em> Paris: Fondation Louis Vuitton; [Paris]: Muse\u0301e Marmottan Monet, Acade\u0301mie des beaux-arts; Vanves: Hazan, 2022.",
                "page_number": "Reproduced: Cat. no. 50",
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                "citation": "Kelly, Simon. \"A Dialogue with Monet: Mitchell's Years in Vetheuil.\" In <em>Monet/Mitchell: Painting the French Landscape, </em>edited by Simon Kelly, 13-68. St. Louis, Missouri: Saint Louis Art Museum; Munich, Germany: Hirmer Verlag GmbH, 2023.",
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                "description": "Claude Monet (French, 1840\u20131926)",
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                "biography": "Claude Monet spent his youth in Le Havre in Normandy, where his father worked as a wholesale grocer. By the age of sixteen, he had exhibited some of his caricatures in an art supply store, leading to his acquaintance with Boudin (q.v.). It was Boudin who first encouraged him to paint out of doors. In 1859 Monet traveled to Paris, where he saw Boudin's salon debut and met Constant Troyon (1810-1865). A year later he joined the Acad\u00e9mie Suisse, where he was introduced to Pissarro (q.v.), but his studies were interrupted in 1861 when he was drafted for a seven-year stint in the military. His family would pay for his release from military duties only if he gave up painting. Finding this unacceptable, Monet served for one year in Algeria before an early return to France to convalesce after a severe illness. In 1862 he met Jongkind (q.v.), another important influence on the young painter's development. Monet's father then allowed him to pursue his art career in Paris, where he entered the studio of the Swiss painter Charles Gleyre (1806-1874). He studied with Gleyre until 1864 and befriended Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Bazille (1841-1870), Renoir (q.v.), and Sisley (q.v.), with whom he painted in the forest of Fontainebleau (D\u00e9jeuner sur l'herbe, 1865, two fragments in Mus\u00e9e d'Orsay, Paris). Monet first exhibited at the Salon of 1865 and would do so again in 1866, 1868, and 1880. In 1868 he shared a studio with Bazille and Renoir but was soon forced to leave Paris to escape his creditors. He took his mistress, Camille Doncieux, and their son, Jean, to F\u00e9camp, then \u00c9tretat, and finally Saint-Michel. There Renoir provided hospitality, and the two also painted at the boating and bathing center of La Grenouill\u00e8re on the Seine. In 1870 Monet married Camille and, to escape the Franco-Prussian War, left for London, where he remained for nine months and met Durand-Ruel, his first dealer. In the summer of 1871 he visited the Netherlands and then settled in Argenteuil, to the west of Paris. He converted a boat into a studio, as Daubigny (q.v.) had done before him, allowing him to explore different viewpoints for his landscapes. He assisted in the organization of the First Impressionist Exhibition in 1874, partly because Durand-Ruel's worsened business situation had prevented the dealer from buying his art. The following year he participated in the H\u00f4tel Drouot sale with Morisot (q.v.), Renoir, and Sisley. In 1878 Monet and his wife moved to V\u00e9theuil with the Hosched\u00e9s, who had previously commissioned some works. Camille died the following year, and, while Ernest Hosched\u00e9 spent most of his time in Paris trying to settle his precarious financial situation, Monet stayed behind with Ernest's wife, Alice. In 1881 he moved with her and her children to Poissy and within two years was living at Giverny, where he would remain for the rest of his life. He painted some of his famous scenes-the haystack and poplar series, for example- in 1890-91. Ernest Hosched\u00e9 died in 1891, and Monet married Alice the following year. At Giverny, Monet explored the themes of his garden and water lilies. He continued to travel, going to Norway in 1895, making three trips to London from 1899 through 1901, and taking Alice to Venice in 1908. The final years of his life were mainly spent working on his Great Decorations, large paintings of a water lily pond designed for two oval rooms at the Paris Orangerie. Monet is generally considered the most typical exponent of impressionism.",
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