{
"data": {
"id": 136693,
"accession_number": "1961.229",
"share_license_status": "Copyrighted",
"tombstone": "Mallarme's Swan, 1944. Robert Motherwell (American, 1915\u20131991). Collage using gouache, crayon and paper on cardboard; unframed: 110.5 x 90.2 cm (43 1/2 x 35 1/2 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Contemporary Collection of The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1961.229. \u00a9 Dedalus Foundation, Inc. / Artists Rights Society (ARS), NY",
"current_location": null,
"title": "Mallarme's Swan",
"creation_date": "1944",
"creation_date_earliest": 1944,
"creation_date_latest": 1944,
"artists_tags": [
"male"
],
"culture": [
"America"
],
"technique": "collage using gouache, crayon and paper on cardboard",
"support_materials": [],
"department": "Drawings",
"collection": "DR - American 20th Century",
"type": "Drawing",
"measurements": "Unframed: 110.5 x 90.2 cm (43 1/2 x 35 1/2 in.)",
"dimensions": {
"unframed": {
"height": 1.105,
"height_inch": 43,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.5,
"width": 0.902,
"width_inch": 35,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.5
}
},
"state_of_the_work": null,
"edition_of_the_work": null,
"copyright": "\u00a9 Dedalus Foundation, Inc. / Artists Rights Society (ARS), NY",
"inscriptions": [
{
"inscription": "signed upper left: Motherwell-1944",
"inscription_translation": null,
"inscription_remark": null,
"sortorder": null
}
],
"exhibitions": {
"current": [
{
"id": 302276,
"title": "Year in Review - 1962",
"description": "Year in Review - 1962. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (October 24-November 25, 1962).",
"opening_date": "1962-10-24T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 520064,
"title": "Works of Robert Motherwell",
"description": "Works of Robert Motherwell. Smith College Museum of Art, Northampton, MA (organizer) (January 10-28, 1963).",
"opening_date": "1963-01-10T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 515856,
"title": "Robert Motherwell",
"description": "Robert Motherwell. The Museum of Modern Art, New York, NY (organizer) (September 29-November 1, 1965); Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam, 1070 AB Amsterdam, Netherlands (January 8-20, 1966); Whitechapel Art Gallery, London (January 31-February 28, 1966); Kunsthalle Basel, Basel, Switzerland (March 1-April 1, 1966); Museum Folkwang, 45128 Essen, Germany (July 2-August 14, 1966).",
"opening_date": "1965-09-29T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 301765,
"title": "The Collages of Robert Motherwell",
"description": "The Collages of Robert Motherwell. Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, Houston, TX (organizer) (November 15, 1972-January 14, 1973); The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (February 6-25, 1973); Wadsworth Atheneum Museum of Art, Hartford, CT (March 14-April 22, 1973); Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Boston, MA (May 10-June 24, 1973).",
"opening_date": "1972-11-15T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 310025,
"title": "Creativity in Art and Science, 1860-1960",
"description": "Creativity in Art and Science, 1860-1960. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (September 16-November 8, 1987).",
"opening_date": "1987-09-16T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 311444,
"title": "Object Lessons: Cleveland Creates an Art Museum",
"description": "Object Lessons: Cleveland Creates an Art Museum. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (June 7-September 8, 1991).",
"opening_date": "1991-06-07T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 223106,
"title": "In the Beginning was Merz - From Kurt Schwitters to the Present Day",
"description": "In the Beginning was Merz - From Kurt Schwitters to the Present Day. Sprengel Museum Hannover (August 16-November 5, 2000).",
"opening_date": "2000-08-16T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 222237,
"title": "Robert Motherwell: Early Collages",
"description": "Robert Motherwell: Early Collages. Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York, NY (organizer) (September 27, 2013-January 5, 2014).",
"opening_date": "2013-09-27T00:00:00"
}
],
"legacy": [
{
"description": "Northampton, MA, Smith College Museum of Art, Works of Robert Motherwell, January 10-January 28, 1963, cat. no. 2, repr.",
"opening_date": "1963-01-10T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "also to: Boston, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, February 11-March 3, 1963.",
"opening_date": "1963-02-11T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "New York, The Museum of Modern Art, Robert Motherwell, September 29-November 30, 1965, cat. no. 12, repr. p. 13.",
"opening_date": "1965-09-29T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "also to: Amsterdam, The Stedelijk Museum, January 8-January 20, 1966; London, Whitechapel Gallery; Basel, Kunsthalle; Essen, Museum Folkwang.",
"opening_date": "1966-01-08T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York",
"opening_date": null
},
{
"description": "Painting and Sculpture: 1940-1970, October 18, 1969-February 1, 1970, cat. no. 254, repr. pl. p. 93.",
"opening_date": "1969-10-18T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "Houston, The Museum of Fine Arts, The Collages of Robert Motherwell, November 15, 1972-January 15, 1973, cat. no. 54, repr. p. 55 and p. 19.",
"opening_date": "1972-11-15T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "also to: Cleveland, The Cleveland Museum of Art, February 6-February 25, 1973; Hartford, CT, The Wadsworth Atheneum, March 14-April 22, 1973; Boston, The Museum of Fine Arts, May 10-June 24, 1973.",
"opening_date": "1973-02-06T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "Mexico City, Museo de Arte Moderno, Retrospectiva del gran pinter nortamericano, April-May, 1975, cat. no. 2, repr. p. 10.",
"opening_date": "1975-04-01T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "Buffalo, NY, The Albright-Knox Art Gallery, Robert Motherwell Retrospective Exhibition, September 15-November 27, 1983, cat. no. 13, repr. p. 125.",
"opening_date": "1983-09-15T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "also to: Los Angeles, Los Angeles County Museum of Art, January 4-March 4, 1984; San Francisco, San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, April 7-May 28, 1984; Seattle, Seattle Art Museum, June 22-August 5, 1984; Washington, DC, Corcoran Gallery of Art, September 8-October 28, 1984; New York, The Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, December 1, 1984-January 31, 1985.",
"opening_date": "1984-01-04T00:00:00"
}
]
},
"provenance": [
{
"description": "Mrs. Robert Motherwell",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": null,
"sortorder": null
},
{
"description": "(Robert Elkon Gallery, New York, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "?-1961",
"sortorder": 2
},
{
"description": "Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1961-",
"sortorder": 3
}
],
"find_spot": null,
"related_works": [],
"former_accession_numbers": [],
"did_you_know": "Robert Motherwell originally titled this work Mallarme's Dream, but artist Joseph Cornell suggested changing it to its present version.",
"description": "This drawing is one of several works that Robert Motherwell made in tribute to the French Symbolist poet St\u00e9phane Mallarm\u00e9 (1842\u20131898). A member of the New York School, Motherwell stood out among his contemporaries for his literary references within a movement that otherwise favored pure abstraction. He worked in collage, the process used here, for much of his career, expressively tearing and layering paper and everyday materials.",
"external_resources": {
"wikidata": [
"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60780975"
],
"internet_archive": []
},
"citations": [
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1966. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1966.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 200",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1966/page/n224"
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1969. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1969.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 200",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1969/page/n224"
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1978. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1978.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 250",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1978/page/n270"
},
{
"citation": "Henning, Edward B. The Spirit of Surrealism. Cleveland: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1979.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 150, 175; Reproduced: p. 150, no. 90",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Landau, Ellen G. \u201c\u2018Space and Pictorial Life\u2019 Hans Hofmann\u2019s \u2018Smaragd Red and Germinating Yellow.\u2019\u201d The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 72, no. 5 (September 1985): 310\u201322.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 311, fig. 4",
"url": "http://www.jstor.org/stable/25159910"
},
{
"citation": "Henning, Edward B. Creativity in Art and Science, 1860-1960. [Cleveland, Ohio]: Published by the Cleveland Museum of Art in cooperation with Indiana University Press, 1987.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: P. 133, no. 43",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Flam, Jack D., Katy Rogers, and Tim Clifford. Motherwell: 100 Years. Milano, Italy: Skira; New York: Dedalus Foundation, 2015.",
"page_number": "Reproduction: p. 26",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Kishi, Mizuki. \"Jackson Pollock's Painting Process and Viewr Participation: With Reference to Dewey's Art as Experience.\" NACT Review 3 (2016): 42-60.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 55, fig. 19",
"url": null
}
],
"url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1961.229",
"images": {},
"alternate_images": [],
"creditline": "Contemporary Collection of The Cleveland Museum of Art",
"image_credit": null,
"sketchfab_id": null,
"sketchfab_url": null,
"gallery_donor_text": null,
"athena_id": 136693,
"creators": [
{
"id": 3567,
"description": "Robert Motherwell (American, 1915\u20131991)",
"extent": null,
"qualifier": null,
"role": "artist",
"biography": null,
"name_in_original_language": null,
"birth_year": "1915",
"death_year": "1991",
"use_in_caption": true,
"include_extent": false,
"weight": 1
}
],
"legal_status": "accessioned",
"accession_date": "1961-12-02T00:00:00",
"sortable_date": 1944,
"date_added_to_oa": null,
"date_text": "1944",
"collapse_artists": false,
"on_loan": false,
"recently_acquired": false,
"record_type": "object",
"conservation_statement": null,
"has_conservation_images": false,
"cover_accession_number": null,
"is_nazi_era_provenance": false,
"impression": null,
"alternate_titles": [
"Mallarme's Dream"
],
"is_highlight": false,
"updated_at": "2026-05-01 06:49:43.582000"
}
}