{
"data": {
"id": 136944,
"accession_number": "1961.419",
"share_license_status": "CC0",
"tombstone": "Parshva, 800s. Central India. Sandstone; overall: 160.7 x 67 cm (63 1/4 x 26 3/8 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, John L. Severance Fund, 1961.419",
"current_location": "242B Indian Painting",
"title": "Parshva",
"creation_date": "800s",
"creation_date_earliest": 800,
"creation_date_latest": 899,
"artists_tags": [],
"culture": [
"Central India"
],
"technique": "sandstone",
"support_materials": [],
"department": "Indian and Southeast Asian Art",
"collection": "Indian Art",
"type": "Sculpture",
"measurements": "Overall: 160.7 x 67 cm (63 1/4 x 26 3/8 in.)",
"dimensions": {
"overall": {
"height": 1.607,
"height_inch": 63,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.25,
"width": 0.67,
"width_inch": 26,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.375
}
},
"state_of_the_work": null,
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"copyright": null,
"inscriptions": [],
"exhibitions": {
"current": [
{
"id": 302276,
"title": "Year in Review - 1962",
"description": "Year in Review - 1962. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (October 24-November 25, 1962).",
"opening_date": "1962-10-24T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 309885,
"title": "Sacred India",
"description": "Sacred India. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (November 5, 1985-January 12, 1986).",
"opening_date": "1985-11-05T05:00:00"
}
],
"legacy": []
},
"provenance": [
{
"description": "(Khalil Rabenou, New York, NY, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "?\u20131961",
"sortorder": 1
},
{
"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1961\u2013",
"sortorder": 2
}
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"artlens_description": null,
"description": "Parshva is the 23rd of the 24 Jinas who achieved liberation. He is the only one who is depicted with a serpent. This sculpture was made for followers of the branch of Jainism called Digambara, who enforce the regulations of total nudity among those actively seeking liberation. The only adornment of his figure is the auspicious symbol on his chest and the wheels of righteousness on his palms. The stark form of thenude body standing in a posture of meditation is masterfully set off from the array of gods and serpent divinities who venerate him. He stands with his feet on a lotus pedestal, but his hierarchically tall form reaches to the heavens, where gods fly to honor him with flower garlands. Three umbrellas over his head indicate his status as a liberated being worthy of worship.",
"external_resources": {
"wikidata": [
"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60762594"
],
"internet_archive": [
"https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1961.419-parshva"
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"citations": [
{
"citation": "Lee, Sherman E. \u201cYear in Review 1962.\u201d The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 49, no. 9 (November 1962): 199\u2013227.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 214; Mentioned: p. 224, no. 72",
"url": "http://www.jstor.org/stable/25151915"
},
{
"citation": "Shah, U. P. \u201cA Parshvanatha Sculpture in Cleveland.\u201d The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 57, no. 9 (December 1970): 303\u2013311.",
"page_number": "MEntioned and reproduced: p. 303-305, fig. 1",
"url": "http://www.jstor.org/stable/25152350"
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1978. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1978.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 302",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1978/page/n322"
},
{
"citation": "Czuma, Stanislaw J., \"A Classic Jain Bronze\", Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland Art: The Cleveland Museum of Art Members Magazine. Vol. 42 no. 04, April 2002",
"page_number": "Mentioned & reproduced: p. 4-5",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAMM2002-04/page/n3"
},
{
"citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art. The CMA Companion: A Guide to the Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2014.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: P. 206",
"url": ""
}
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"creditline": "John L. Severance Fund",
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"athena_id": 136944,
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"legal_status": "accessioned",
"accession_date": "1961-12-02T00:00:00",
"sortable_date": 800,
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"alternate_titles": [
"Stele in High Relief of Parshvanatha, the twenty-third Jain Tirthankara",
"Stele with the Twenty-Third Jain Tirthankara, Par\u015bvanatha"
],
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"updated_at": "2026-05-29 06:59:32.452000"
}
}