{
"data": {
"id": 141207,
"accession_number": "1964.445",
"share_license_status": "CC0",
"tombstone": "Temperance, 1628\u201330. Domenichino (Italian, 1581\u20131641). Black chalk heightened with white chalk, squared with black chalk; sheet: 59.2 x 43.7 cm (23 5/16 x 17 3/16 in.); secondary support: 61.2 x 45.7 cm (24 1/8 x 18 in.); tertiary support: 61.2 x 45.7 cm (24 1/8 x 18 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Dudley P. Allen Fund, 1964.445",
"current_location": null,
"title": "Temperance",
"creation_date": "1628\u201330",
"creation_date_earliest": 1628,
"creation_date_latest": 1630,
"artists_tags": [
"male"
],
"culture": [
"Italy"
],
"technique": "black chalk heightened with white chalk, squared with black chalk",
"support_materials": [
{
"description": "4 sheets (joined) of light gray laid paper, laid down on cream(3) laid paper, perimeter mounted to a tertiary support of laid paper",
"watermarks": []
}
],
"department": "Drawings",
"collection": "DR - Italian",
"type": "Drawing",
"measurements": "Sheet: 59.2 x 43.7 cm (23 5/16 x 17 3/16 in.); Secondary Support: 61.2 x 45.7 cm (24 1/8 x 18 in.); Tertiary Support: 61.2 x 45.7 cm (24 1/8 x 18 in.)",
"dimensions": {
"sheet": {
"height": 0.592,
"height_inch": 23,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.3125,
"width": 0.437,
"width_inch": 17,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.1875
},
"secondary support": {
"height": 0.612,
"height_inch": 24,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.125,
"width": 0.457,
"width_inch": 18,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.0
},
"tertiary support": {
"height": 0.612,
"height_inch": 24,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.125,
"width": 0.457,
"width_inch": 18,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.0
}
},
"state_of_the_work": null,
"edition_of_the_work": null,
"copyright": null,
"inscriptions": [
{
"inscription": "verso of secondary support, lower left, in graphite: I. 1081 [circled]; lower center, in graphite: ? [Pelio?] [Candio?]; lower center, in graphite: 204.; lower center, in graphite: From the coll of Lord Barrymore; verso of secondary and tertiary supports, lower right, in graphite: Carlone (Carlo) Scaria 1686-1776 / Design for a Sculpture / Black Crayon; verso of tertiary support, lower right, in graphite: [illegible]",
"inscription_translation": null,
"inscription_remark": null,
"sortorder": null
}
],
"exhibitions": {
"current": [
{
"id": 361481,
"title": "Bolognese Drawings in North American Collections, 1500-1800",
"description": "Bolognese Drawings in North American Collections, 1500-1800. National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa, Ont.,, Canada (organizer).",
"opening_date": null
},
{
"id": 350931,
"title": "Drawings: France, Italy, Netherlands",
"description": "Drawings: France, Italy, Netherlands. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (January 1-March 24, 1965).",
"opening_date": "1965-01-01T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 350269,
"title": "Prints and Drawings from the Cleveland Museum of Art Collection",
"description": "Prints and Drawings from the Cleveland Museum of Art Collection. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (May 6-September 9, 1965).",
"opening_date": "1965-05-06T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 300794,
"title": "Year in Review: 1965",
"description": "Year in Review: 1965. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (October 27-November 14, 1965).",
"opening_date": "1965-10-27T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 351065,
"title": "Drawings from the Museum Collection",
"description": "Drawings from the Museum Collection. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (June 9, 1967-January 1, 1968).",
"opening_date": "1967-06-09T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 351103,
"title": "Italian Prints and Drawings",
"description": "Italian Prints and Drawings. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (January 30-March 26, 1968).",
"opening_date": "1968-01-30T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 361482,
"title": "Visions & Revisions",
"description": "Visions & Revisions. Museum of Art, Rhode Island School of Design, Providence, RI (October 18-November 24, 1968).",
"opening_date": "1968-10-18T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 361441,
"title": "Italian Drawings Selected From Mid-Western Collections",
"description": "Italian Drawings Selected From Mid-Western Collections. Saint Louis Art Museum, St. Louis, MO (organizer) (February 25-April 16, 1972).",
"opening_date": "1972-02-25T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 304379,
"title": "The Draftsman's Eye: Late Italian Renaissance Schools and Styles",
"description": "The Draftsman's Eye: Late Italian Renaissance Schools and Styles. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (March 6-April 22, 1979).",
"opening_date": "1979-03-06T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 304414,
"title": "Idea to Image: Preparatory Studies from the Renaissance to Impressionism",
"description": "Idea to Image: Preparatory Studies from the Renaissance to Impressionism. The Cleveland Museum of Art (organizer) (February 19-March 23, 1980).",
"opening_date": "1980-02-19T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 304546,
"title": "Connoisseurship in Italian Figural Compositions",
"description": "Connoisseurship in Italian Figural Compositions. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (October 21, 1980-February 15, 1981).",
"opening_date": "1980-10-21T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 309655,
"title": "National Schools of Style",
"description": "National Schools of Style. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (June 14-September 18, 1983).",
"opening_date": "1983-06-14T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 309864,
"title": "Baroque Imagery",
"description": "Baroque Imagery. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (November 6, 1984-January 6, 1985).",
"opening_date": "1984-11-06T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 310010,
"title": "Italian Drawings from the Permanent Collection",
"description": "Italian Drawings from the Permanent Collection. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (December 16, 1986-March 1, 1987).",
"opening_date": "1986-12-16T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 311462,
"title": "Concept, Dogma and Feeling: Italian Drawings 1550-1650",
"description": "Concept, Dogma and Feeling: Italian Drawings 1550-1650. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (August 27-October 20, 1991).",
"opening_date": "1991-08-27T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 192019,
"title": "Master Drawings from the Cleveland Museum of Art",
"description": "Master Drawings from the Cleveland Museum of Art. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (August 27-October 17, 2000); The Morgan Library & Museum, New York, NY (May 23-August 19, 2001); Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, Houston, TX (October 14, 2001-January 6, 2002).",
"opening_date": "2000-08-27T00:00:00"
}
],
"legacy": []
},
"provenance": [
{
"description": "Lord Barrymore",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "?-?",
"sortorder": 1
},
{
"description": "Prof. J. Isaacs. His sale, Sotheby\u2019s, London, 27 February, 1964, no. 24 (as 17th century Italian School)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "?-1964",
"sortorder": 2
},
{
"description": "with Gemma Donati, London and Rome",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "1964-1965",
"sortorder": 3
},
{
"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "1964-",
"sortorder": 4
}
],
"find_spot": null,
"related_works": [],
"former_accession_numbers": [],
"did_you_know": "Despite having carefully prepared the composition for his fresco of Temperance with this and other drawings, Domenichino left Rome before completing the painting. It was later finished by one of his pupils.",
"early_education_description": null,
"artlens_description": null,
"description": "The gridded pattern superimposed over the figures in this scene indicates that this drawing was used a preparatory study for one of Domenichino\u2019s frescoes depicting the four cardinal virtues inside the dome of the Church of San Carlo ai Catinari in Rome. This technique\u2014called squaring\u2014was a common method used in seventeenth-century Italy to transfer a design from one surface to another. Domenichino prepared the design on three separate sheets of paper, all with irregular edges cut and pasted onto a larger sheet. At the top, the allegorical figure of Temperance, one of four cardinal virtues, reclines gracefully on a cloud. She holds a palm branch in her left hand and extends her right out toward a hovering putto in the upper left corner. The changes made to Temperance\u2019s right hand and the presence of two camel heads (only one appears in the finished fresco) reveal the artist\u2019s process for working out the poses and placements of the figures in his composition.",
"external_resources": {
"wikidata": [
"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80040606"
],
"internet_archive": [
"https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1964.445-temperance"
]
},
"citations": [
{
"citation": "Lee, Sherman E. \"Year in Review.\" The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 52, no. 9 (November 1965): 124-157.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 155, n. 119",
"url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/25152069"
},
{
"citation": "Francis, Henry. \"Domenichino: Preparatory Drawing of Temperance.\" The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 52, no. 10 (December 1965): 174-177.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: pp. 175-177; Reproduced: p. 174",
"url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/25152075"
},
{
"citation": "Spear, Richard E. \"Some Domenichino Cartoons.\" Master Drawings 5, no. 2 (Summer 1967): 144-158 + 209-217.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 158, n. 27",
"url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/1552872"
},
{
"citation": "Robertson, I.G. \"Report of the Keeper of the Department of Western Art.\" Reports of the Visitors, Ashmolean Museum (1967): 19-42.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 37",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Ostrow, Stephen E. Visions & Revisions. Providence: Rhode Island School of Design. 1968.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: pp. 23-24",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Vitzthum, Walter. Il barocco a Roma. Milan: Fratelli Fabbri, 1971.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 82; Reproduced: n. VII",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Olszewski, Edward J. Giovanni Battista Armenini: On the True Precepts of the Art of Painting. New York: Burt Franklin, 1977.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 172; Reproduced: n. 59",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Johnson, Mark M. Idea to Image: Preparatory Studies from the Renaissance to Impressionism. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1980.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 56; Reproduced: p. 55, n. 65",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Macandrew, Hugh. Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, Catalogue of the Collection of Drawings, Vol. III, Italian Schools: Supplement. Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1980.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 106",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Olszewski, Edward J., and Jane Glaubinger. The Draftsman's Eye: Late Italian Renaissance Schools and Styles. Cleveland: Published by the Cleveland Museum of Art in cooperation with the Indiana University Press, 1981.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: pp. 18, 49, 56, 71; Reproduced: p. 70, n. 42",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Viatte, Fran\u00e7oise, and Catherine Monbeig-Goguel. Dessins baroques florentins du Mus\u00e9e du Louvre: LXXIVe exposition du Cabinet des dessins : Mus\u00e9e du Louvre, 2 octobre 1981-18 janvier 1982. Paris: Minist\u00e8re de la culture, Editions de la R\u00e9union des mus\u00e9es nationaux, 1981.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 169",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Cazort, Mimi, and Catherine Johnston. Bolognese Drawings in North American Collections, 1500-1800. Ottawa: National Gallery of Canada, National Museums of Canada, 1982.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: pp. 80-81; Reproduced: p. 202",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Spear, Richard E. Domenichino. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1982.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: vol. 1, pp. 275-277; Reproduced: vol. 2, n. 340",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Schloder, John E. Baroque Imagery. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1984.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: pp. 37-38; Reproduced: p. 37, n. 14",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "DeGrazia, Diane, and Carter E. Foster. Master Drawings from the Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art in association with Rizzoli International Publications, New York, 2000.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: pp. 24, 285; Reproduced: p. 55, n. 17",
"url": null
}
],
"url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1964.445",
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"creditline": "Dudley P. Allen Fund",
"image_credit": null,
"sketchfab_id": null,
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"gallery_donor_text": null,
"athena_id": 141207,
"creators": [
{
"id": 11920,
"description": "Domenichino (Italian, 1581\u20131641)",
"extent": null,
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"role": "artist",
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"birth_year": "1581",
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],
"legal_status": "accessioned",
"accession_date": "1964-12-19T00:00:00",
"sortable_date": 1628,
"date_added_to_oa": null,
"date_text": "1628\u201330",
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"alternate_titles": [],
"is_highlight": false,
"updated_at": "2026-09-09 19:14:04.728000"
}
}