{
"data": {
"id": 142385,
"accession_number": "1966.20",
"share_license_status": "CC0",
"tombstone": "Portrait Head of C. Cornelius Gallus (?), c. 30 BCE. Egypt, Greco-Roman period (332 BCE\u2013395 CE), Roman empire (30 BCE\u2013395 CE). Marble; overall: 39 x 22 x 22.6 cm (15 3/8 x 8 11/16 x 8 7/8 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Purchase from the J. H. Wade Fund, 1966.20",
"current_location": "103 Roman",
"title": "Portrait Head of C. Cornelius Gallus (?)",
"creation_date": "c. 30 BCE",
"creation_date_earliest": -40,
"creation_date_latest": -20,
"artists_tags": [],
"culture": [
"Egypt, Greco-Roman period (332 BCE\u2013395 CE), Roman empire (30 BCE\u2013395 CE)"
],
"technique": "marble",
"support_materials": [],
"department": "Greek and Roman Art",
"collection": "GR - Roman",
"type": "Sculpture",
"measurements": "Overall: 39 x 22 x 22.6 cm (15 3/8 x 8 11/16 x 8 7/8 in.)",
"dimensions": {
"overall": {
"height": 0.39,
"height_inch": 15,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.375,
"width": 0.22,
"width_inch": 8,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.6875,
"depth": 0.226,
"depth_inch": 8,
"depth_inch_fraction": 0.875
}
},
"state_of_the_work": null,
"edition_of_the_work": null,
"copyright": null,
"inscriptions": [],
"exhibitions": {
"current": [
{
"id": 230571,
"title": "Egypt-Greece-Rome",
"description": "Egypt-Greece-Rome. St\u00e4del Museum, Franfurt am Main, Germany (organizer) (November 26, 2005-February 26, 2006).",
"opening_date": "2005-11-26T00:00:00"
}
],
"legacy": [
{
"description": "CMA, 10 September-16 October 1966, Golden Anniversary Acquisitions, cat.: CMA Bulletin 53, no. 7 (September 1966), no. 5, illus. p. 185",
"opening_date": "1966-09-10T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "Das Stadel/St\u00e4delsches Kunstinstitut und St\u00e4dtische Galerie, Frankfurt am Main, Germany (11/26/2005 - 2/26/2006): \"Egypt-Greece-Rome\"",
"opening_date": "2005-11-26T00:00:00"
}
]
},
"provenance": [
{
"description": "Levi de Benzion, Paris",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": null,
"sortorder": null
},
{
"description": "Said to have been found in the western Delta between Damanhur and Benha. Formerly in the collection of Mo\u00eese Levi de Benzion, Paris. Purchased from Michel Abemayor, New York",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": null,
"sortorder": null
}
],
"find_spot": null,
"related_works": [],
"former_accession_numbers": [],
"did_you_know": "Traces of red paint remain, especially in the hair.",
"description": "This highly individual portrait must have been made for a man of considerable importance. It may represent Gaius Cornelius Gallus, who lived c. 69-26 BC. After aiding Octavian in the war against Antony and Cleopatra, Gallus served as the first governor of Egypt. There he put down two rebellions, but soon fell into disgrace and exile, eventually committing suicide. The head was made to be inserted into a body, and has a flat back and top, suggesting it once wore a separately made fold of toga draped over it (in the fashion known as togatus capite velato, associated with high priests). Some scholars have suggested a later date for this portrait, perhaps in the reign of Nero or Claudius.",
"external_resources": {
"wikidata": [
"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60759693"
],
"internet_archive": [
"https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1966.20-portrait-head-of-c-c"
]
},
"citations": [
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1966. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1966.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 24",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1966/page/n48"
},
{
"citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art, \u201cGolden Anniversary Acquisition,\u201d 1966, Cleveland Museum of Art Archives.",
"page_number": null,
"url": "https://archive.org/details/cmapr1425"
},
{
"citation": "Stechow, Wolfgang. \"Cleveland's Golden Anniversary Acquisitions.\" ARTNews 65, no. 5 (September 1966): 30-44, 62-64.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 32; Reproduced: p. 44",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "\"The Cleveland Museum of Art Golden Anniversary,\" Archaeology 19.4 (1966), pp. 277-283.",
"page_number": "Ill. on p. 278.",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Cooney, John D. \"A Roman Imperial Head from Egypt.\" The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 54, no. 1 (1967): 17-21.",
"page_number": null,
"url": "www.jstor.org/stable/25152135."
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1969. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1969.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 24",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1969/page/n46"
},
{
"citation": "Grimm, G. \"Zu Marcus Antonius und C. Cornelius Gallus,\" Jahrbuch des Deutschen Archaologischen Instituts 85 (1970), pp. 158-170.",
"page_number": "Abb. 1, 2, 4.",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1978. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1978.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 28",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1978/page/n48"
},
{
"citation": "Vermeule, Cornelius C. Greek and Roman Sculpture in America: Masterpieces in Public Collections in the United States and Canada. Malibu, Calif: The J. Paul Getty Museum, 1981.",
"page_number": "P. 280, cat. 237.",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Kiss, Zsolt, and Maria M. Berger. Etudes sur le portrait impe\u0301rial romain en Egypte. Varsovie: Editions scientifiques de Pologne, 1984.",
"page_number": "Pp. 45, 141 (figs. 76-77).",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Berman, Lawrence M., and Kenneth J. Boha\u010d. Catalogue of Egyptian Art: The Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland, OH: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1999",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p.465; Mentioned: p. 465-6.",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Capasso, Mario, and Paolo Radiciotti. Il ritorno di Cornelio Gallo: il papiro di Qasr Ibri\u0302m venticinque anni dopo. Napoli: Graus, 2003.",
"page_number": "P. 128, Tav. 12.",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Beck, Herbert, Peter Bol, and Maraike Bu\u0308ckling. A\u0308gypten Griechenland Rom: Abwehr und Beru\u0308hrung, (Exhib. cat.).Frankfurt: Das Sta\u0308del, Sta\u0308delsches Kunstinstitut und Sta\u0308dtische Galerie, 2005.",
"page_number": "P. 710, cat. 321 (discussed and ill.).",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Hoffmann, Friedhelm, Martina Minas-Nerpel, and Stefan Pfeiffer. Die dreisprachige Stele des C. Cornelius Gallus: U\u0308bersetzung und Kommentar. Berlin: De Gruyter, 2009.",
"page_number": "Taf. IV-V.",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Queyrel, Fran\u00e7ois, Marie-Fran\u00e7oise Boussac, and Joachim Le Bomin. \"Un Tete de Statue en Marbre \u00e0 Taposiris Magna.\" Bulletin de l\u2019Institut Fran\u00e7ais d\u2019Arch\u00e9ologie Orientale 126 (2026): 333-378.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 349, fig. 14",
"url": ""
}
],
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"creditline": "Purchase from the J. H. Wade Fund",
"image_credit": null,
"sketchfab_id": null,
"sketchfab_url": null,
"gallery_donor_text": "David and Inez Myers Foundation Gallery",
"athena_id": 142385,
"creators": [],
"legal_status": "accessioned",
"accession_date": "1966-01-03T00:00:00",
"sortable_date": -40,
"date_added_to_oa": null,
"date_text": "c. 30 BCE",
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"is_nazi_era_provenance": false,
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"updated_at": "2026-05-13 11:10:08.055000"
}
}