{
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"accession_number": "1966.238",
"share_license_status": "CC0",
"tombstone": "John the Baptist, c. 1410. Robert Campin (Netherlandish, 1375/79\u20131444). Oil on oak panel; framed: 25 x 20 x 3 cm (9 13/16 x 7 7/8 x 1 3/16 in.); unframed: 17.3 x 11.6 cm (6 13/16 x 4 9/16 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift of the John Huntington Art and Polytechnic Trust, 1966.238",
"current_location": "112 Northern Renaissance",
"title": "John the Baptist",
"creation_date": "c. 1410",
"creation_date_earliest": 1410,
"creation_date_latest": 1415,
"artists_tags": [
"male"
],
"culture": [
"Flanders"
],
"technique": "oil on oak panel",
"support_materials": [],
"department": "Medieval Art",
"collection": "MED - Medieval Art",
"type": "Painting",
"measurements": "Framed: 25 x 20 x 3 cm (9 13/16 x 7 7/8 x 1 3/16 in.); Unframed: 17.3 x 11.6 cm (6 13/16 x 4 9/16 in.)",
"dimensions": {
"framed": {
"height": 0.25,
"height_inch": 9,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.8125,
"width": 0.2,
"width_inch": 7,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.875,
"depth": 0.03,
"depth_inch": 1,
"depth_inch_fraction": 0.1875
},
"unframed": {
"height": 0.173,
"height_inch": 6,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.8125,
"width": 0.116,
"width_inch": 4,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.5625
}
},
"state_of_the_work": null,
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"copyright": null,
"inscriptions": [],
"exhibitions": {
"current": [
{
"id": 300917,
"title": "Golden Anniversary of Acquisitions",
"description": "Golden Anniversary of Acquisitions. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (September 10-October 16, 1966).",
"opening_date": "1966-09-10T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 186370,
"title": "Dukes and Angels: Art from the Court of Burgundy (1364-1419)",
"description": "Dukes and Angels: Art from the Court of Burgundy (1364-1419). Mus\u00e9e des Beaux-Arts, Dijon, Dijon, France (May 27-September 15, 2004); The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (October 24, 2004-January 9, 2005).",
"opening_date": "2004-05-27T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 220526,
"title": "Die Geburt der Modern Malerei: Robert Campin, der Meister von Flemalle und Rogier van der Weyden",
"description": "Die Geburt der Modern Malerei: Robert Campin, der Meister von Flemalle und Rogier van der Weyden. St\u00e4del Museum, Frankfurt am Main, Germany (November 21, 2008-February 22, 2009); Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Gem\u00e4ldegalerie, Germany (March 20-June 21, 2009).",
"opening_date": "2008-11-21T00:00:00"
}
],
"legacy": [
{
"description": "CMA 1966: Golden Anniversary Acquisitions, cat. no. 58, repr. p. 179.",
"opening_date": "1966-01-01T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "Dijon, Mus\u00e9e des Beaux-Arts of Dijon (May 28-September 15, 2004); The Cleveland Museum of Art (October 24, 2004-January 9, 2005) \"Dukes and Angels: Art from the Court of Burgundy (1364-1419).\"exh.cat.no.136, p.351, repr.p.352.",
"opening_date": "2004-05-28T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "Das St\u00e4del, Frankfurt am Main (11/21/2008 - 2/22/2009) and Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Gem\u00e4ldegalerie (3/20/2009 - 6/21/2009): \"Die Geburt der Modern Malerei: Robert Campin, der Meister von Flemalle und Rogier van der Weyden\", ex. cat. no. 1, p. 181.",
"opening_date": "2008-11-21T00:00:00"
}
]
},
"provenance": [
{
"description": "The Dukes of Clermont-Tonnerre; by descent, Nettancourt-Vaubecourt, Ch\u00e2teau Choiseul; Le Molt collection, Bourbonne-les-Bains; (Christie's London sale, June 26, 1964, no. 44); (Thomas P. Grange, London, 1966)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": null,
"sortorder": null
}
],
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"early_education_description": null,
"artlens_description": null,
"description": "According to tradition, John the Baptist wears a hair shirt under a white cloth, associated with newly baptized Christians. The flag bearing a red cross symbolizes resurrection. In marked contrast, the background features a lavish gold-patterned silk. The display of such luxurious fabrics continues an ancient tradition of using the finest objects in the worship of God. This painting has been cut down along the lower edge and would have originally shown a full-length image of the saint. It was probably the right wing of a triptych, with John the Baptist gazing upon a central image of the Virgin and Child. Campin first settled in Tournai around 1405-6 as a free master of the guild of painters, and he bought citizenship there in 1410, which suggests he was born elsewhere. Although heavily indebted to contemporary masters of manuscript illumination, Campin displayed greater powers of realistic observation than any other painter before him. He was one of the first artists to experiment with the use of oil-based colors, in lieu of egg-based tempera, to achieve the brilliant color typical of this period.",
"external_resources": {
"wikidata": [
"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18508770"
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"internet_archive": [
"https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1966.238-john-the-baptist"
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"citations": [
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1966. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1966.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 66",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1966/page/n90"
},
{
"citation": "Lee, Sherman E. \u201cGolden Anniversary Acquisitions: September 10 through October 16.\u201d The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 53, no. 7 (September 1966): 181\u2013284.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: Cover; Mentioned: p. 279. no. 58",
"url": "http://www.jstor.org/stable/25152110"
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1969. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1969.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 66",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1969/page/n90"
},
{
"citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art. Catalogue of Paintings. Pt. 1. European Paintings before 1500. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1974.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: fig. 52, p. 146 - 149; colorplate, XXV",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1978. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1978.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 75",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1978/page/n95"
},
{
"citation": "Lurie, Ann Tzeutschler. \u201cA Newly Discovered Eyckian St. John the Baptist in a Landscape.\u201d The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 68, no. 4 (April 1981): 87\u2013109.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 87, fig. 2",
"url": "http://www.jstor.org/stable/25159721"
},
{
"citation": "Fliegel, Stephen N., Sophie Jugie, and Virginie Barthe\u0301le\u0301my. Art from the Court of Burgundy: The Patronage of Philip the Bold and John the Fearless 1364-1419 : Muse\u0301e Des Beaux-Arts De Dijon, May 28-September 15, 2004, the Cleveland Museum of Art, October 24, 2004-January 9, 2005. [Dijon]: Muse\u0301e des beaux-arts, 2004.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: P. 351-352, no. 136",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art. The CMA Companion: A Guide to the Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2014.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: P. 273",
"url": ""
}
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"gallery_donor_text": "Lucia Smith Nash Gallery",
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"updated_at": "2026-09-04 11:08:46.170000"
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