{
"data": {
"id": 143304,
"accession_number": "1967.239",
"share_license_status": "CC0",
"tombstone": "The Heroine Who is Faithfully Loved: Madhya Svadhinapatika Nayika, from a Rasamanjari of Bhanudatta, c. 1710. Northern India, Pahari kingdoms. Gum tempera, ink, and gold on paper; image: 17 x 26.8 cm (6 11/16 x 10 9/16 in.); overall: 20.5 x 28.2 cm (8 1/16 x 11 1/8 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift of Dr. and Mrs. Sherman E. Lee, 1967.239",
"current_location": "242B Indian Painting",
"title": "The Heroine Who is Faithfully Loved: Madhya Svadhinapatika Nayika, from a Rasamanjari of Bhanudatta",
"creation_date": "c. 1710",
"creation_date_earliest": 1705,
"creation_date_latest": 1715,
"artists_tags": [],
"culture": [
"Northern India, Pahari kingdoms"
],
"technique": "Gum tempera, ink, and gold on paper",
"support_materials": [],
"department": "Indian and Southeast Asian Art",
"collection": "Indian Art",
"type": "Painting",
"measurements": "Image: 17 x 26.8 cm (6 11/16 x 10 9/16 in.); Overall: 20.5 x 28.2 cm (8 1/16 x 11 1/8 in.)",
"dimensions": {
"image": {
"height": 0.17,
"height_inch": 6,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.6875,
"width": 0.268,
"width_inch": 10,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.5625
},
"overall": {
"height": 0.205,
"height_inch": 8,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.0625,
"width": 0.282,
"width_inch": 11,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.125
}
},
"state_of_the_work": null,
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"inscriptions": [
{
"inscription": "Madhy\u0101 Sv\u0101dh\u012bnapatik\u0101",
"inscription_translation": "Heroine whose husband is faithfully devoted to her",
"inscription_remark": "The term Madhya suggests that her timidity and ardent desire for lovemaking share a delicate balance, neither overpowering the other.",
"sortorder": 1
},
{
"inscription": "Madhy\u0101 Sv\u0101dh\u012bnapatik\u0101\njadapi rati mahotsave nak\u0101ro jadapi kare\u1e47a ca n\u012bvi dh\u0101ra\u1e47\u0101ni. 70\ntadapi ca patirekh\u0101 p\u0101rasv\u0101de\u015ba\u1e41 sakhi nahi mu\u1e45cati takis\u0101car\u0101mi.",
"inscription_translation": "In Takri script:\nHeroine whose husband is faithfully devoted to her. \nOh, my dearest confidant, amidst the ethereal embrace of night, I find myself compelled to voice my dissent. Though my resistance may be futile, I clutch the drawcord of my trousers in my trembling grasp. Alas, my beloved spouse remains steadfast by my side, unyielding in his presence. Pray, I beseech you, what course of action should I embark upon in this quandary that plagues my weary soul? [Verse number] 70.",
"inscription_remark": null,
"sortorder": 2
},
{
"inscription": "Aratha. Svadh\u012bnapatik\u0101 d\u0101 ud\u0101hara\u1e47a. N\u0101\u012bk\u0101 sakhiy\u0101 kane \u0101khad\u012b hai je hai sakhi sa\u1e41bhoga vikhe nahi\u1e45 nahi\u1e45 kard\u012b hathe kar\u012b n\u0101de pakad\u012b cha\u1e0dan\u012b ha\u1e45 t\u0101\u1e45 bh\u012b e mer\u0101 kh\u0101und mere vakhen nah\u012b\u1e45 cha\u1e0dad\u0101 hu\u1e45 s\u012bkh de jeu keh kar\u0101\u1e45",
"inscription_translation": "In Takri script:\nExample of the Svadhinapatika. The nayika confides in her trusted confidant, \"Under the shroud of night, I persistently rebuff my husband's advances, my lips parting to utter the resolute 'no.' With steadfast determination, I tightly grasp the drawstring, yet this relentless consort of mine remains unyielding, clinging to my very being. Enlighten me, dear friend, for I beseech you, what further measures might I undertake?\u201d",
"inscription_remark": "Translation of the Sanskrit text into the vernacular Pahari language",
"sortorder": 3
}
],
"exhibitions": {
"current": [
{
"id": 301285,
"title": "Year in Review for 1968",
"description": "Year in Review for 1968. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (January 29-March 9, 1969).",
"opening_date": "1969-01-29T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 219969,
"title": "Sakhi: Friend and Messenger in Rajput Painting",
"description": "Sakhi: Friend and Messenger in Rajput Painting. Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, Washington, DC (March 8-July 6, 1998).",
"opening_date": "1998-03-08T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 707773,
"title": "Art of Pahari India",
"description": "Art of Pahari India. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (August 30, 2026-February 21, 2027).",
"opening_date": "2026-08-30T04:00:00"
}
],
"legacy": []
},
"provenance": [
{
"description": "Sherman Emory Lee [1918\u20132008] and Ruth Alida Ward Lee [1917\u20132011], Cleveland, OH, given to the Cleveland Museum of Art",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "?\u20131967",
"sortorder": 1
},
{
"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1967\u2013",
"sortorder": 2
}
],
"find_spot": null,
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"former_accession_numbers": [],
"did_you_know": "The man at right nervously grasps his scarf as he respectfully approaches his lover and her companion.",
"early_education_description": null,
"artlens_description": null,
"description": "The heroine sits in front of a red cushion confiding in her friend that she feels passionate desire for her husband, but she firmly refuses his advances. Nevertheless, he continues to wait for her, remains faithful, ready to honor her. Among the different types of heroines described in the popular collection of poems called the Rasamanjari, she is projected as the supreme type.",
"external_resources": {
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],
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"citations": [
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1969. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1969.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 239",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1969/page/n263"
},
{
"citation": "Dwivedi, Vinod P. \u201cA Rasamanjari Painting from Basohli.\u201d The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 56, no. 7 (September 1969): 262\u2013268.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: p. 265, fig. 3.",
"url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/25152284"
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1978. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1978.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 308",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1978/page/n328"
},
{
"citation": "Leach, Linda York. Indian Miniature Paintings and Drawings. Cleveland, OH: Cleveland Museum of Art in cooperation with Indiana University Press, 1986.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: cat. no. 136, pp. 310\u2013312",
"url": ""
}
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"creditline": "Gift of Dr. and Mrs. Sherman E. Lee",
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"alternate_titles": [
"Angry Heroine. Page from Bhanu Datta's Rasamanjari",
"The Heroine Who is Faithfully Loved: Leaf from a Rasamanjari"
],
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"updated_at": "2026-09-03 11:07:42.608000"
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}