{
"data": {
"id": 145964,
"accession_number": "1971.17",
"share_license_status": "CC0",
"tombstone": "Portrait of An Qi (\u9e93\u6751\u9ad8\u9038\u5716), 1715. Wang Hui (Chinese, 1632\u20131717), Tu Luo (Chinese, active c. 1715), Yang Jin (Chinese, 1644\u20131728). Hanging scroll; ink and color on paper; image: 122 x 53.6 cm (48 1/16 x 21 1/8 in.); overall: 259.7 x 80.1 cm (102 1/4 x 31 9/16 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, John L. Severance Fund, 1971.17",
"current_location": null,
"title": "Portrait of An Qi",
"title_in_original_language": "\u9e93\u6751\u9ad8\u9038\u5716",
"creation_date": "1715",
"creation_date_earliest": 1715,
"creation_date_latest": 1715,
"artists_tags": [
"male"
],
"culture": [
"China, Qing dynasty (1644-1911)"
],
"technique": "hanging scroll; ink and color on paper",
"support_materials": [],
"department": "Chinese Art",
"collection": "ASIAN - Hanging scroll",
"type": "Painting",
"measurements": "Image: 122 x 53.6 cm (48 1/16 x 21 1/8 in.); Overall: 259.7 x 80.1 cm (102 1/4 x 31 9/16 in.)",
"dimensions": {
"image": {
"height": 1.22,
"height_inch": 48,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.0625,
"width": 0.536,
"width_inch": 21,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.125
},
"overall": {
"height": 2.597,
"height_inch": 102,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.25,
"width": 0.801,
"width_inch": 31,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.5625
},
"overall with knobs": {
"height": 2.597,
"height_inch": 102,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.25,
"width": 0.893,
"width_inch": 35,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.1875
}
},
"state_of_the_work": null,
"edition_of_the_work": null,
"copyright": null,
"inscriptions": [
{
"inscription": "[\u5370]\u4e0a\u4e0b\u5343\u5e74.\n\u9e93\u6751\u9ad8\u9038\uff1a\u5eb7\u7155\u4e59\u672a\u5b63\u6625\uff0c\u5ee3\u9675\u6d82\u6d1b\u5beb\u7167\uff0c\u6d77\u865e\u694a\u6649\u5e03\u666f\uff0c\u516b\u5341\u56db\u53df\u738b\u7fec\u88dc\u7af9\u77f3\u3002[\u5370]\u8015\u7159; \u738b\u7fec\u4e4b\u5370.",
"inscription_translation": "Artist's inscription, signature, and 3 seals by Wang Hui \u738b\u7fec: \n\n[seal] Shang xia qian nian. \nThe lofty and free Lucun: In the spring season of yiwei of the Kangxi reign, Tu Luo of Guangling rendered the portrait, Yang Jin of Haiyu provided the scenic background, and I, Wang Hui at eighty-four years of age, added the bamboo and rocks.\n[seals] Gengyan; Wang Hui zhi yin.",
"inscription_remark": null,
"sortorder": 1
},
{
"inscription": "\u4fef\u8996\u5875\u5bf0\u9038\u97fb\u9ad8\uff0c\u895f\u61f7\u6f5a\u7051\u8208\u504f\u8c6a\u3002/\n\u7434\u66f8\u5ea7\u53f3\u89aa\u98a8\u96c5\uff0c\u7af9\u77f3\u6c60\u908a\u62ed\u7fbd\u6bdb\u3002/\n\u8549\u8449\u4e82\u96f2\u906e\u5317\u7900\uff0c\u9db4\u7fce\u51dd\u96ea\u6200\u6771\u768b\u3002/\n\u7fe9\u7fe9\u5ea6\u91cf\u5982\u541b\u5c11\uff0c\u975c\u5c0d\u79cb\u6c5f\u842c\u659b\u6fe4\u3002",
"inscription_translation": "1 colophon at the top right and 3 seals of Song Dengye \u5b8b\u5b9a\u696d (c. 17th\u201318th c.):\n\nLooking down on the dusty world, your free spirit is indeed aloof./ \nYour bosom is free, and your spirit is heroic./ \nTo your right are a qin and books, so refined are you./ \nTo the right of the bamboo is the pond near which the crane is cleaning its feathers./ \nThe banana leaves and the turbulent clouds conceal the northern torrents./ \nThe crane, with his snowy white feathers, lingers at the eastern slope./ \nThere are so few like you, with so generous a temperament./ \nQuietly you face the autumn river\u2019s myriad loads of waves.",
"inscription_remark": null,
"sortorder": 2
},
{
"inscription": "\u77e5\u541b\u9817\u597d\u9053\uff0c\u4f5c\u610f\u6d17\u7dd0\u7e1f\u3002/\n\u9042\u7aae\u6797\u4ead\u52dd\uff0c\u7fdb\u7136\u5951\u5e7d\u7368\u3002/\n\u81ea\u5f97\u6703\u5fd8\u8a00\uff0c\u9918\u5584\u6642\u5f80\u5fa9\u3002/\n\u5cb8\u5e58\u82e5\u6709\u671f\uff0c\u628a\u5377\u4e00\u505c\u8b80\u3002/\n\u9db4\u99b4\u884c\u8f09\u6b63\uff0c\u96f2\u9591\u65b7\u9084\u7e8c\u3002/\n\u6a58\u67da\u6b0e\u5bd2\u7159\uff0c\u82ad\u8549\u7009\u6df1\u7da0\u3002/\n\u77f3\u6a4b\u9015\u5c62\u8ff4\uff0c\u6697\u6c34\u6d41\u4ea6\u66f2\u3002/\n\u771f\u5fc3\u6063\u5947\u63a2\uff0c\u66e0\u666f\u7e31\u9050\u77da\u3002/\n\u9676\u8b1d\u4e0d\u53ef\u4f5c\uff0c\u6b64\u65e8\u66f4\u8ab0\u5c6c\u3002/\n\u7737\u7109\u5c55\u65af\u5716\uff0c\u4ee4\u6211\u6021\u5fc3\u76ee\u3002",
"inscription_translation": "1 colophon at the middle right and 3 seals of Qian Chenqun \u9322\u9673\u7fa4 (1686\u20131774), dated 1716: \n\nI know you are fond of the Way,/ \nIntending to shed worldly goods./ \nHaving seen all those lovely gardens,/ \nStill you favor seclusion and solitude./ \nIn contentment, words are forgotten./ \nWhat remain are but deeds of kindness./ \nThe official cap may be ready for change./ \nYou open the scroll, but come to a stop./ \nLike a tamed crane, you act properly./ \nA leisurely cloud may break apart but stay connected./ \nCitrus trees attract chilling mist,/ \nAs the banana leaves unleash the deep green./ \nThe path twists and turns toward the stone bridge./ \nThe hidden stream flows and meanders./ \nA sincere heart seeks adventures./ \nAn open scene expands one\u2019s view./ \nWe can no longer emulate Tao and Xie./ \nTo whom can we entrust this idea?/ \nAffectionately, I unroll the picture,/ \nIt will bring delight to my mind and eyes.",
"inscription_remark": "Qian Chenqun was the most prominent of the inscribers, although at the time this was written, he was just a juren, a provincial graduate.",
"sortorder": 3
},
{
"inscription": "\u9038\u8208\u8fe5\u7d76\u5875\uff0c\u98a8\u6d41\u4ef0\u9ad8\u8e85\u3002/\n\u5074\u7121\u9e7f\u89d2\u5dfe\uff0c\u6a2a\u5448\u8c79\u76ae\u8925\u3002/\n\u80f8\u85cf\u5c71\u58d1\u5bcc\uff0c\u5ea7\u5217\u7434\u56ca\u8db3\u3002/\n\u6a59\u61f8\u842c\u9846\u9ec4\uff0c\u8549\u6563\u4e00\u53e2\u7da0\u3002/\n\u6cc9\u6e05\u9db4\u666f\u9577\uff0c\u6a39\u9060\u96f2\u5149\u7e8c\u3002/\n\u62ab\u5716\u8b58\u6027\u60c5\uff0c\u4f0a\u4eba\u6e29\u4f3c\u7389\u3002",
"inscription_translation": "1 colophon and 2 seals of Cai Erjun \u8521\u723e\u6d5a (c. 18th c.): \n\nYour free spirit leaves behind the dusty world./ \nYour elegance compels us to look up to you./ \nBy your side there is no cap of deer horn./ \nLaid beneath is the leopard skin./ \nYour bosom contains a wealth of hills and ravines./ \nBy your side is a shielded qin./ \nThe yellow oranges hang by the thousands./ \nThe banana plant split to unveil clusters of green./ \nThe stream is clear, and the shadow of the crane lengthens./ \nThe trees are distant, as cloud and light linger./ \nOpen the scroll to savor the man\u2019s inner disposition./ \nSuch a man is as gentle as a piece of jade.",
"inscription_remark": "Cai Erjun wrote his poem in clerical script.",
"sortorder": 5
},
{
"inscription": "\u98a8\u96c5\u51fa\u5875\u5bf0\uff0c\u62ab\u5716\u898b\u4e00\u6591\u3002/\n\u6a58\u9999\u65b0\u96e8\u5f8c\uff0c\u7af9\u5f71\u5915\u967d\u9593\u3002/\n\u6d41\u6c34\u9cf4\u524d\u6f97\uff0c\u6b78\u96f2\u6e21\u9060\u5c71\u3002/\n\u5e7d\u68f2\u5982\u53ef\u9042\uff0c\u61c9\u8a31\u5171\u8ffd\u6500\u3002",
"inscription_translation": "1 colophon at the upper left and 1 seal of Miao Yueqi \u7e46\u66f0\u8291 (c. 18th c.): \n\nHis spirit soars beyond the dusty world./ \nOpen the picture and one can seize the truth./ \nThe orange scent rises after the fresh rain./ \nThe bamboo casts shadows under the setting sun./ \nFlowing water gurgles in the torrent upstream./ \nReturning clouds move across the distant hills./ \nIf a retired seclusion is possible,/ \nPlease allow us to follow you.",
"inscription_remark": null,
"sortorder": 6
},
{
"inscription": "\u856d\u7051\u62ab\u895f\u5750\uff0c\u7434\u66f8\u9038\u8208\u9577\u3002/\n\u886b\u5206\u8549\u8449\u78a7\uff0c\u51a0\u5b78\u7af9\u76ae\u9ec4\u3002/\n\u9ad8\u6a39\u7a7f\u96f2\u65b7\uff0c\u6d41\u6cc9\u5e36\u83ca\u9999\u3002/\n\u5e7d\u61f7\u771f\u66e0\u9054\uff0c\u4f55\u5730\u4e0d\u7fb2\u7687\u3002",
"inscription_translation": "1 colophon at the middle left and 3 seals of Song Shizeng \u5b8b\u5e2b\u66fe (c. 18th c.): \n\nCasually he sits there, collars loosened,/ \nWith a sustained interest in the qin and books./ \nYour long robe splits open like the banana plant\u2019s green leaves,/ \nYour cap emulates the yellow bamboo skin./ \nTall trees shoot up and divide the clouds./ \nA flowing stream is imbued with the scent of chrysanthemum./ \nYour inner mind is truly all-encompassing./ \nWherever he goes, there are kindred spirits to Emperor Xi.",
"inscription_remark": null,
"sortorder": 7
},
{
"inscription": "\u79cb\u8272\u6eff\u6797\u58d1\uff0c\u5b64\u7434\u7368\u7384\u9592\u3002/\n\u5883\u6b78\u7c2a\u7d31\u5916\uff0c\u9053\u5728\u6c34\u96f2\u9593\u3002/\n\u68c4\u667a\u5982\u85cf\u749e\uff0c\u6816\u5fc3\u9759\u82e5\u5c71\u3002/\n\u770b\u541b\u6b64\u5716\u756b\uff0c\u6c38\u4ee5\u8b1d\u5875\u984f\u3002",
"inscription_translation": "1 colophon at the lower left and 2 seals of Tong Hong \u4f5f\u92d0 (c. 18th c.): \n\nAutumn hues fill the forest and ravine./ \nA single qin alone is mysterious and relaxing./ \nThe scene here is beyond one\u2019s grasp./ \nThe true Way is where cloud and water merge./ \nShed one\u2019s wisdom to regain the primordial simplicity./ \nA heart at rest is as still as the mountains./ \nI look at you in this picture./ \nI thank you forever by leaving my dusty face behind.",
"inscription_remark": null,
"sortorder": 8
},
{
"inscription": "\u4fee\u7af9\u53e2\u8549\u5750\u7da0\u5929\uff0c\u541b\u5bb9\u65e9\u6b73\u5df2\u5982\u4ed9\u3002/\n\u5c71\u4e2d\u5bc4\u8b1d\u738b\u6469\u8a70\uff0c\u982d\u767d\u65b9\u77e5\u4f4f\u8f1e\u5ddd\u3002/\n\n\u5343\u6a39\u52dd\u5c01\u842c\u6238\u4faf\uff0c\u897f\u98a8\u8f09\u6eff\u674e\u8861\u821f\u3002/\n\u770b\u541b\u9ad8\u81f4\u8f15\u8ed2\u5195\uff0c\u5750\u4eab\u6c5f\u9109\u5bcc\u8cb4\u79cb\u3002",
"inscription_translation": "1 colophon at the lower left and 2 seals of Zhao Chai \u8d99\u831e: \n\nHe sits amid tall bamboo and banana clusters under a green sky./ \nYour appearance, in early years, already takes on that of an Immortal./ \nAmid the hills, you could perhaps express your thanks to Wang Mojie./ \nUntil one\u2019s hair turns white, can one know that he is already in Wangchuan./ \n\nPlanting thousands of trees is better than being made a marquis./ \nThe western wind carries Li Heng\u2019s loaded boats./ \nI capture your lofty sentiment and your disdain for social climbing,/ \nAs you sit by the riverbank and enjoy a prosperous autumn.",
"inscription_remark": "Zhao Chai was apparently a Daoist initiate, claiming a direct link to the Yuqing \u7389\u6e05 sect. His poem is unique among the inscriptions in praising An Qi's commercial acumen. Noting the abundance of oranges in An Qi's garden, Zhao Chai recalled the official Li Heng \u674e\u8861 (active c. AD 220-265), whose groves of orange trees ensured a secure financial foundation for his descendants.",
"sortorder": 9
},
{
"inscription": "6 seals unidentified.",
"inscription_translation": null,
"inscription_remark": null,
"sortorder": 10
}
],
"exhibitions": {
"current": [
{
"id": 301427,
"title": "Year in Review: 1971",
"description": "Year in Review: 1971. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (December 28, 1971-February 6, 1972).",
"opening_date": "1971-12-28T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 304517,
"title": "Eight Dynasties of Chinese Painting",
"description": "Eight Dynasties of Chinese Painting. The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art (November 7, 1980-January 4, 1981); The Cleveland Museum of Art (February 11-March 29, 1981); Tokyo National Museum (October 4-November 17, 1982); The Asia Society Museum, New York, NY (December 3, 1982-February 28, 1983).",
"opening_date": "1981-02-11T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 309658,
"title": "Portraiture: The Image of the Individual",
"description": "Portraiture: The Image of the Individual. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (November 22, 1983-January 22, 1984).",
"opening_date": "1983-11-22T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 211775,
"title": "Highlights of Asian Paintings from The Cleveland Museum of Art",
"description": "Highlights of Asian Paintings from The Cleveland Museum of Art. Nara National Museum (organizer) (February 21-March 29, 1998); Suntory Museum of Art (April 28-June 21, 1998).",
"opening_date": "1998-02-21T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 298005,
"title": "Inspired by Chinese Landscape and Art \u2013 Chinese Gallery Rotation 240a, 241c",
"description": "Inspired by Chinese Landscape and Art \u2013 Chinese Gallery Rotation 240a, 241c. The Cleveland Museum of Art (organizer) (August 14, 2017-February 5, 2018).",
"opening_date": "2017-08-14T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 521183,
"title": "When Salt was Gold: Yangzhou, City of Riches and Art",
"description": "When Salt was Gold: Yangzhou, City of Riches and Art. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (May 12-November 5, 2023).",
"opening_date": "2023-05-12T04:00:00"
}
],
"legacy": []
},
"provenance": [
{
"description": "An Qi \u5b89\u5c90 [c. 1683\u2013c. 1744]",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": null,
"sortorder": 1
},
{
"description": "Xu Bojiao \u5f90\u4f2f\u90ca [1913\u20132002]",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": null,
"sortorder": 2
},
{
"description": "Cheng Qi \u7a0b\u7426 [1911\u20131988], to his son, Stephen O. K. Chen",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": null,
"sortorder": 3
},
{
"description": "Stephen O. K. Chen [20th century], New York/Tokyo, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": null,
"sortorder": 4
},
{
"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "1971-",
"sortorder": 5
}
],
"find_spot": null,
"related_works": [],
"former_accession_numbers": [],
"did_you_know": "Seven of An Qi's close friends wrote poetic inscriptions on the silk brocade mount around his portrait.",
"early_education_description": null,
"artlens_description": null,
"description": "An Qi, the subject of the portrait, was a second-generation salt merchant from Korea. He used part of his wealth to collect art. At the time this painting was commissioned, An was less than 40 years old. He is represented as a Daoist recluse in nature, informally dressed with attributes such as books and a wrapped guqin instrument, a portrait convention for literati-scholars since the Six Dynasties period (220\u2013589 CE). The local Taihu rock, banana plants, and crane suggest a southern garden and a life in seclusion. An\u2019s portrait is evidence of merchants aspiring to the scholar-official class.
According to the inscription, this painting was the joint effort of three men, the eldest and most famous was Wang Hui. While the garden setting is homogenous in style, it contrasts with the application of opaque pigments and shading employed for the depiction of An Qi\u2019s face.",
"external_resources": {
"wikidata": [
"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60471864"
],
"internet_archive": [
"https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1971.17-portrait-of-an-qi"
]
},
"citations": [
{
"citation": "O\u0304mura, Seigai \u5927\u6751\u897f\u5d16 and O\u0304mura Kido\u0304 \u5927\u6751\u6587\u592b. Chu\u0304goku meigashu\u0304. 8 [\u4e2d\u56fd\u540d\u753b\u96c6. \u7b2c8\u518a = Collection of famous Chinese paintings]. To\u0304kyo\u0304: Ryu\u0304bunshokyoku, 1945.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: VIII, pl. 80",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Sire\u0301n, Osvald. Chinese Painting: Leading Masters and Principles. New York: Ronald Press, 1956.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: VII, Lists, 430 (Wang Hui), 453 (Yang Jin)",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Guo, Weiqu \u90ed\u5473\u8556. Song Yuan Ming Qing shu hua jia nian biao \u5b8b\u5143\u660e\u6e05\u66f8\u756b\u5bb6\u5e74\u8868. Beijing: Zhongguo gu dian yi shu chu ban she, 1958.",
"page_number": "p. 321",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Lawton, Thomas. \"The <<Mo-yu\u0308an hui-kuan>> by An Ch\u02bbi [\u5b89\u5c90\u4e4b<<\u58a8\u7de3\u5f59\u89c0>>].\" In Qing zhu Jiang Fucong xian sheng qi shi sui lun wen ji [Symposium in honor of Dr. Chiang Fu-tsung on his 70th birthday = \u6176\u795d\u8523\u5fa9\u7481\u5148\u751f\u4e03\u5341\u6b72\u8ad6\u6587\u96c6]. Shilin: Guo li gu gong bo wu yuan, 1969.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: p. 27, pl. 1",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Cheng, Qi \u7a0b\u7426. Xuanhuitang shuhua lu [\u8431\u6689\u5802\u66f8\u756b\u9304 = Paintings and calligraphy in the collection of Hsu\u0308an-hui-t\u02bbang]. Hong Kong: Xuanhuitang, 1972.",
"page_number": "pp. 166(b)-168(b)",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Hung, Shou-hao. \"Liu Hua Han-kuo shu-hua-chia y\u00fc shou-ts'ang-che t'an-k'ao\" [Investigation of the Korean calligraphy, painters, and collectors in China]. Meishu xue bao \u7f8e\u8853\u5b78\u5831, no. 7 (January 1973), pp. 1071-1186.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 1165",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Lee, Sherman E. \u201cVarieties of Portraiture in Chinese and Japanese Art.\u201d The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art, vol. 64, no. 4, 1977, pp. 118\u2013136.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: pp. 124, 125, figs. 6, 7",
"url": "www.jstor.org/stable/25159523"
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1978. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1978.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 358",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1978/page/n378"
},
{
"citation": "Hironobu Kohara \u53e4\u539f\u5b8f\u4f38, Tamaki Ogawa \u5c0f\u5ddd\u74b0\u6a39, and Roderick Whitfield. Un Juhei, O\u0304 Ki \u60f2\u58fd\u5e73 \u738b\u7fec. To\u0304kyo\u0304: Chu\u0304o\u0304 Ko\u0304ronsha, 1979.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: p. 150, fig. 18",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Loehr, Max. The Great Painters of China. Oxford: Phaidon, 1980.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: pp. 316, 319, figs. 181, 182",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Ho, Wai-kam, Sherman E. Lee, Laurence Sickman, and Marc F. Wilson. Eight Dynasties of Chinese Painting: The Collections of the Nelson Gallery-Atkins Museum, Kansas City, and the Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland, OH: Cleveland Museum of Art, in cooperation with Indiana University Press, 1980.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: pp. 351-352, cat. no. 259",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Murashige, Yasushi \u6751\u91cd\u5be7. Tenno\u0304 to kuge no sho\u0304zo\u0304 [\u5929\u7687\u3068\u516c\u5bb6\u306e\u8096\u50cf = Japanese Portrait Paintings of Emperors and the Nobility]. To\u0304kyo\u0304: Shibundo\u0304, 1998.",
"page_number": "p. 31",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "T\u014dy\u014d kaiga no seika: tokubetsuten: Kur\u012bvurando Bijutsukan no korekushon kara [\u6771\u6d0b\u7d75\u753b\u306e\u7cbe\u83ef: \u7279\u522b\u5c55: \u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30f4\u30e9\u30f3\u30c8\u7f8e\u8853\u9928\u306e\u30b3\u30ec\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u304b\u3089= Highlights of Asian painting from the Cleveland Museum of Art]. Nara, Japan: Nara National Museum, 1998.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 72, cat. no. 44",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Honour, Hugh, and John Fleming. A World History of Art. London: Laurence King, 1999.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: no. 16.4, p. 695",
"url": null
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