{
"data": {
"id": 148153,
"accession_number": "1975.152",
"share_license_status": "CC0",
"tombstone": "Helmet Mask, early to mid-1900s. Africa, West Africa, C\u00f4te d'Ivoire, Senufo-style carver. Wood, upholstery studs, and colorant; overall: 34.9 cm (13 3/4 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift of Katherine C. White, 1975.152",
"current_location": "108A African",
"title": "Helmet Mask",
"creation_date": "early to mid-1900s",
"creation_date_earliest": 1900,
"creation_date_latest": 1950,
"artists_tags": [],
"culture": [
"Africa, West Africa, C\u00f4te d'Ivoire, Senufo-style carver"
],
"technique": "Wood, upholstery studs, and colorant",
"support_materials": [],
"department": "African Art",
"collection": "African Art",
"type": "Mask",
"measurements": "Overall: 34.9 cm (13 3/4 in.)",
"dimensions": {
"overall": {
"height": 0.349,
"height_inch": 13,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.75
}
},
"state_of_the_work": null,
"edition_of_the_work": null,
"copyright": null,
"inscriptions": [],
"exhibitions": {
"current": [
{
"id": 302170,
"title": "Year in Review: 1975",
"description": "Year in Review: 1975. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (February 3-March 7, 1976).",
"opening_date": "1976-02-03T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 204227,
"title": "Senufo: Art and Identity in West Africa",
"description": "Senufo: Art and Identity in West Africa. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (February 22-May 31, 2015); Saint Louis Art Museum, St. Louis, MO (June 28-September 27, 2015); Mus\u00e9e Fabre, Montpellier, France (November 28, 2015-March 6, 2016).",
"opening_date": "2015-02-22T00:00:00"
}
],
"legacy": [
{
"description": "CMA 1968: \"African Tribal Images: The Katherine White Reswick Collection,\" cat. no. 22, repr.",
"opening_date": "1968-01-01T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "CMA 1976: \"Year in Review 1975,\" CMA Bulletin LXIII Feb., 1976), p. 66, no. 29, repr. p. 64",
"opening_date": "1976-02-01T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art (2/22/15-5/31/15) Saint Louis Art Museum (6/28/15/-9/27/15) Mus\u00e9e Fabre, montpellier France (11/28/15-3/6/16) \"Senufo: Art Identity in West Africa;",
"opening_date": "2015-02-22T00:00:00"
}
]
},
"provenance": [
{
"description": "J. J. Klejman, New York, NY",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [
"Recorded on an undated info sheet (c. 1969) in curatorial file
"
],
"date": "1963 ",
"sortorder": null
},
{
"description": "Katherine C. White [1929-1980], Gates Mills, OH, by purchase from the above",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [
"1966 \u2013 1970 Lived in Gates Mills, OH (articles also mention Bratenahl, OH). Known as
Katherine White Reswick, Katherine C. White (Reswick), Mrs. James B. Reswick
"
],
"date": "?\u20131975",
"sortorder": null
},
{
"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art by gift",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1975\u2013",
"sortorder": 3
}
],
"find_spot": null,
"related_works": [],
"former_accession_numbers": [
"620.68"
],
"did_you_know": "Cowrie shells, feathers, and other accessories once decorated this helmet.",
"early_education_description": null,
"artlens_description": null,
"description": "This type of helmet was worn in rituals demonstrating a boy\u2019s transition from one age group to the next, prior to his actual initiation into the secret Poro society. The pre-initiates were viewed as unknowing and anxious oxen, so the horns on such helmets may refer to those of horned cattle. The female figure alludes to women\u2019s supernatural powers, which assure the welfare of Poro members.",
"external_resources": {
"wikidata": [],
"internet_archive": [
"https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1975.152-helmet-mask"
]
},
"citations": [
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. 1975 Year in Review. Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 63, no. 3, cat. 29.",
"page_number": "",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Fagg, William. African Tribal Images; the Katherine White Reswick Collection. Cleveland, OH: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1968, no. 22.",
"page_number": "No. 22",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Lee, Sherman E. \u201cThe Year in Review for 1975.\u201d The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 63, no. 2 (1976): 31\u201371.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 64, no. 29; mentioned: p. 66, no. 29.",
"url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/25152624"
},
{
"citation": "Petridis, Constantijn. South of the Sahara: Selected works of African Art. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2003.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 44-45, color plate 7",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Petridis, Constantine. \u201cBuffalo Helmets of Tussian and Siemu Peoples of Burkina Faso.\u201d African Arts 41, no. 3 (2008): 26\u201343.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 35; mentioned: p. 38.",
"url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/20447898"
},
{
"citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art. The CMA Companion: A Guide to the Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2014.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: P. 30",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Walter, Sheri. \u201cExhibitions 2015.\u201d Cleveland Art: Cleveland Museum of Art Members Magazine 54, no. 4 (July/August 2014): 14.",
"page_number": "Reproduced and Mentioned: p. 14",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAMM2014-04"
},
{
"citation": "Gagliardi, Susan Elizabeth, and Constantijn Petridis. Senufo Unbound: Dynamics of Art and Identity in West Africa. 2014.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: pp. 174-5, fig. 127.",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Gagliardi, Susan Elizabeth, and Constantijn Petridis. Senufo Unbound: Dynamics of Art and Identity in West Africa. Cleveland: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 2015.",
"page_number": "pp. 174-5, fig. 127",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "\"Art on View: Art and Identity in West Africa.\" Tribal Art 19, no. 74 (Winter 2014): 70.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 70",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Gagliardi, Susan Elizabeth and Constantine Petridis. \"Senufo Unbound: Dynamics of Art and Identity in West Africa.\" African Arts 48, no. 1 (Spring 2015): 6-23.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 15, fig. 11",
"url": null
}
],
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"creditline": "Gift of Katherine C. White",
"image_credit": null,
"sketchfab_id": null,
"sketchfab_url": null,
"gallery_donor_text": null,
"athena_id": 148153,
"creators": [],
"legal_status": "accessioned",
"accession_date": "1976-01-08T00:00:00",
"sortable_date": 1900,
"date_added_to_oa": null,
"date_text": "early to mid-1900s",
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"on_loan": false,
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"cover_accession_number": null,
"is_nazi_era_provenance": false,
"impression": null,
"alternate_titles": [
"Helmet (Daagu)",
"Human/Animal Headdress"
],
"is_highlight": false,
"updated_at": "2026-07-03 14:46:09.900000"
}
}