{
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"tombstone": "Album of Landscapes, 1677. Wang Gai (Chinese, active c. 1677\u20131705). Album of eight leaves; ink or ink and light color on paper; each leaf: 20 x 22.3 cm (7 7/8 x 8 3/4 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Purchase from the J. H. Wade Fund, 1975.64",
"current_location": null,
"title": "Album of Landscapes",
"creation_date": "1677",
"creation_date_earliest": 1677,
"creation_date_latest": 1677,
"artists_tags": [
"male"
],
"culture": [
"China, Qing dynasty (1644\u20131911)"
],
"technique": "Album of eight leaves; ink or ink and light color on paper",
"support_materials": [],
"department": "Chinese Art",
"collection": "ASIAN - Album leaf",
"type": "Painting",
"measurements": "Each leaf: 20 x 22.3 cm (7 7/8 x 8 3/4 in.)",
"dimensions": {
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{
"inscription": "Artist's inscription, signature, and seal on leaf 4: In imitation of [T'ang] Wang Hsia's use of ink. Wang Gai of Hsiu-shui [seal] Gai; Artist's poem, signature and seal on leaf 7; Artist's poem, signature, and 2 seals on leaf 8.\n\n8 colophons and 24 additional seals: 1 colophon and 2 seals of Shih Jun-chang (1618-1683); 1 colophon and 3 seals of Wang Shih-chen (1634-1711); 1 colophon and 2 seals of Li Lai-t'ai (dates unknown); 1 colophon and 3 seals of Mi Han-wen (1661 'chin-shih'); 1 colophon and 3 seals of Tai Wang-chin (17th c.); 2 colophons and 6 seals of Tai Wang-lun (1655 'chin-shih'); 1 colophon and 2 seals of Wang Wan (1624-1690); 1 seal of Chang Yin-huan (1837-1900); 2 seals unidentified.\n\nArtist's inscription, signature, and seal on leaf E: In imitation of [T'ang] Wang Hsia's use of ink. Wang Kai of Hsiu-shui [seal] Kai.\n\nArtist's poem, signature, and seal on leaf G:\n\nAt an empty window sucking on a brush, the autumn water nearby,\nGreen are the rushes, and bamboo reach to the sky.\nFor those who love hibiscus, river moonlight is best;\nIn this tiny shelter I keep company with sleeping egrets.\n\nWang Kai [seal] Wang yin Kai.\n\nArtist's poem, signature, and 2 seals on leaf H:\n\nThe waters of the Hs\u00fcn-yang River flow around the town [Chiu-chiang in Chianghsi Province];\nY\u00fc Liang [Western Chin Dynasty general and statesman] once made a night excursion here.\nThe air was fresh and cool - it must have been the eighth month;\nThat noble gathering would still be known a thousand years thereafter.\nIn the tantalizing ways we feast there is no difference, past or present,\nLofty and pre-eminent talent still overflows in the exchange of verses,\nTall and large pavilions all share in good writing.\nJoy winging through the air is no less than that in the Southern Tower.\n\n[The Southern Tower, in Nanch'ang, Hupei Province, was where Y\u00fc Liang spent an evening with friends and contemporaries exchanging poetry and ideas.]\n\nIn the mid-autumn of the ting-ssu year [1677], these paintings and comments are presented to the venerable MengWeng, leader of the literary circle, for criticism. Wang Kai of Hsiu-shui [seals] Wang yin Kai; An-chieh.\n\n8 colophons and 24 additional seals: 1 colophon and 2 seals of Shih Jun-chang (1618-1683); 1 colophon and 3 seals of Wang Shih-chen (1634-1711); 1 colophon and 2 seals of Li Lai-t'ai (dates unknown); 1 colophon and 3 seals of Mi Han-wen (1661 chin-shih); 1 colophon and 3 seals of Tai Wang-chin (17th c.); 2 colophons and 6 seals of Tai Wang-lun (1655 chin-shih); 1 colophon and 2 seals of Wang Wan (1624-1690); 1 seal of Chang Ym-huan (1837-1900); 2 seals unidentified.\n\nA. Poem by Shih Jun-chang:\n\nTrees enmeshed in clouds darken the river ferry;\nSo grand a scene could only belong to the season of late spring.\nLooking upon the Five Lakes, fishermen are few,\nYou don't know who the oarsman is.\n\nRandom comment for the venerable Meng Chih-weng to correct. Shih Jun-chang.\n\nB. Poem by Wang Shih-chen:\n\nA valley stream winds around a hermit's home,\nOver dark bamboo and yellow reeds leans one corner of the house.\nWatching the wake of a fishing boat off somewhere,\nThe ripples in the water are like wild geese nesting in the sand.\n\nInscribed for Meng Weng by his junior, Wang Shih-chen.\n\nC. Poem by Li Lai-t'ai:\n\nA small bridge merged with clouds crosses the distant water,\nA few rosy clouds and autumn colors trim the clear river.\nI stand alone at leisure in empty mists;\nThe mountains' verdant sides and misty peaks face the small window.\n\nInscribed for venerable Mr. Meng Weng, Li Lai-t'ao.\n\nD. Poem by Mi Han-wen:\n\nComing and going time after time,\nThe front pavilion rests upon a great river.\nDistant sails, the spring waters broad,\nA tall temple, the afternoon sun strong.\nBeneath the shadow of a butterfly, red peonies,\nAmidst the chatter of birds, green vines.\nUnable yet to return to the old mountains,\nIn vain I hum the \"Picking ling-chih\" song.\n\nWritten for Meng Lao, Mi Han-wen.\n\n[The last two lines refer to the Four Old Recluses of Mount Shang who lived during the Ch'in Dynasty [221-206 BC], and the song they sang about picking ling-chih, the mushroom-like growth thought to produce immortality.]\n\nE. Poem by Tai Wang-chin:\n\nWho picks up his unrestrained brush to write down misty peaks?\nTo gaze at mountains from an empty house is a pleasure inexhaustible.\nI even wish I were physically within a painting.\nWhere floating clouds are not depicted, but only a vast sea of waves.\n\nWritten for the comments of Mr. Meng Weng, your junior associate, Tai Wang-chin.\n\nF. Poem by Tai Wang-lun:\n\nSplashed ink, dripping wet, cannot be restrained\nSmartweed flowers are boundless, the water flowing long.\nThe old fisherman moves his oar leisurely back and forth,\nIn ten thousand valleys and a thousand peaks, the air is filled with fall.\n\nWritten on one of the paintings for the venerable Meng Weng, Tai Wang-lun of Ts'ang-chou.\n\nG. Poem by Tai Wang-lun:\n\nPrecipitous slopes, distant peaks, and trees with forking branches,\nSet apart are village huts for two or three households.\nIn one of them a recluse expounds from a book on the Tao,\nBurning incense, alone he sits to chant the Nan-hua [Chuang-tzu].\n\nWritten on a second painting for the venerable Meng Ch'i, Tai Wang-lun of Ts'ang-chou.\n\nH. Poem by Wang Wan:\n\nClouds like a landslide cover the boundless sky;\nYear-round howling, the direction of the wind is ominous.\nThe boom has just been lowered with a hundred feet of sail;\nYet you can predict the violent wind from the direction of flying pennon tails.\nReed blossoms fly in disarray, their leaves badly battered;\nYangtze porpoises blow upon the waves, producing wild ripples.\nYou people of the land, don't sing about the joys of the trader,\nWinds and waves like these will make their journey treacherous.\n\nWritten for venerable Meng Weng, your junior friend from Yao-fen, Wang Wan.\n\ntrans. HK/LYSL",
"inscription_translation": null,
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"exhibitions": {
"current": [
{
"id": 304561,
"title": "Visions of Landscape: East and West",
"description": "Visions of Landscape: East and West. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (February 17-March 21, 1982).",
"opening_date": "1982-02-17T05:00:00"
}
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{
"description": "Year in Review: 1975. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (February 3-March 7, 1976). (1975.64.1 only)",
"opening_date": "1976-02-03T05:00:00Z"
},
{
"description": "Eight Dynasties of Chinese Painting. The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art (November 7, 1980-January 4, 1981); The Cleveland Museum of Art (February 10-March 29, 1981); Tokyo National Museum (October 4-November 17, 1982).",
"opening_date": "1981-02-10T00:00:00"
}
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{
"description": "Chang Yin-huan",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": null,
"sortorder": 1
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{
"description": "Ho Kuan-wu",
"citations": [],
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"date": null,
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{
"description": "Liu Ts'o-ch'ou",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": null,
"sortorder": 3
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{
"description": "(Robert G. Sawers, London, UK, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "?\u20131975",
"sortorder": 4
},
{
"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "1975\u2013",
"sortorder": 5
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"citations": [
{
"citation": "Sire\u0301n, Osvald. Chinese Painting: Leading Masters and Principles. New York: Ronald Press, 1956.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: VII, Lists, 432",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Lippe, Aschwin. \"Kung Hsien and the Nanking School. Part II.\" Oriental Art Magazine, v. 4, no. 4 (1958), pp. 159\u2013170.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 170, fn. 128",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Lee, Sherman E. \u201cThe Year in Review for 1975.\u201d The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art, vol. 63, no. 2, 1976, pp. 31\u201371.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: cat. no. 166, p. 71",
"url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/25152624"
},
{
"citation": "Ho, Wai-kam, Sherman E. Lee, Laurence Sickman, and Marc F. Wilson. Eight Dynasties of Chinese Painting: The Collections of the Nelson Gallery-Atkins Museum, Kansas City, and the Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland, OH: Cleveland Museum of Art, in cooperation with Indiana University Press, 1980.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: cat. no. 220, pp. 293-295",
"url": null
}
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"updated_at": "2026-09-04 11:08:46.504000"
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