{
"data": {
"id": 148395,
"accession_number": "1976.1",
"share_license_status": "CC0",
"tombstone": "In the Palace (\u5bae\u4e2d\u5716), before 1140. After a work attributed to Zhou Wenju (Chinese, active 942\u2013961). Handscroll; ink and light color on silk; painting: 28.5 x 168.6 cm (11 1/4 x 66 3/8 in.); overall: 29.7 x 306.1 cm (11 11/16 x 120 1/2 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, John L. Severance Fund, 1976.1",
"current_location": null,
"title": "In the Palace",
"title_in_original_language": "\u5bae\u4e2d\u5716",
"creation_date": "before 1140",
"creation_date_earliest": 1127,
"creation_date_latest": 1140,
"artists_tags": [
"male"
],
"culture": [
"China, Southern Song dynasty (1127-1279)"
],
"technique": "Handscroll; ink and light color on silk",
"support_materials": [],
"department": "Chinese Art",
"collection": "ASIAN - Handscroll",
"type": "Painting",
"measurements": "Painting: 28.5 x 168.6 cm (11 1/4 x 66 3/8 in.); Overall: 29.7 x 306.1 cm (11 11/16 x 120 1/2 in.)",
"dimensions": {
"painting": {
"height": 0.285,
"height_inch": 11,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.25,
"width": 1.686,
"width_inch": 66,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.375
},
"overall": {
"height": 0.297,
"height_inch": 11,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.6875,
"width": 3.061,
"width_inch": 120,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.5
}
},
"state_of_the_work": null,
"edition_of_the_work": null,
"copyright": null,
"inscriptions": [
{
"inscription": "1 colophon and 13 seals: 1 colophon and 1 seal of Zheng Cheng \u5f35\u6f82 (d. 1143); 12 seals unidentified.",
"inscription_translation": null,
"inscription_remark": null,
"sortorder": 1
},
{
"inscription": "Colophon by Zhang Cheng \u5f35\u6f82 (d. 1143): \n\n\u5468\u6587\u77e9\u5bae\u4e2d\u5716\u5a66\u4eba\u5c0f\u5152\u5176\u6578\u516b\u5341\uff0c\u4e00\u7537\u5b50\u5beb\u795e\uff0c\u800c\u7ca7\u5177\u3001\u6a02\u5668\u3001\u76c6\u76c2\u3001\u6247\u6905\u5e2d\u3001\u9e1a\u9d61\u3001\u72ac\u8776\u4e0d\u8207\u3002\u6587\u77e9\u53e5\u5bb9\u4eba\uff0c\u70ba\u6c5f\u5357\u7ff0\u6797\u5f85\u8a54\u3002\u4f5c\u58eb\u5973\u9ad4\u8fd1\u5468\u6609\uff0c\u800c\u52a0\u7e96\u9e97\u3002\u5617\u70ba\u5f8c\u4e3b\u756b\u5357\u838a\u5716\uff0c\u865f\u4e00\u6642\u7d55\u7b46\u3002\u5b83\u65e5\u4e0a\u4e4b\u671d\u5ef7\uff0c\u8a54\u7c4d\u4e4b\u7955\u95a3\u3002\u5bae\u4e2d\u5716\u4e91\u662f\u771f\u8e5f\uff0c\u85cf\u524d\u592a\u5e9c\u537f\u6731\u8f09\u5bb6\u3002\u6216\u6479\u4ee5\u898b\u993d\u3002\u5a66\u4eba\u9ad8\u9afb\u81ea\u5510\u4ee5\u4f86\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u6b64\u5377\u8c50\u808c\u9577\u8966\u88d9\uff0c\u5468\u6609\u6cd5\u4e5f\u3002\u4e88\u81f3\u5da0\u5357\uff0c\u65bc\u7aef\u6eaa\u9673\u9ad8\u7956\u4e4b\u88d4\uff0c\u898b\u5176\u4e16\u85cf\u8af8\u5e1d\u50cf\uff0c\u5de6\u53f3\u5bae\u4eba\u68b3\u9afb\u8207\u6b64\u7567\u540c\u3002\u800c\u4e2b\u9b1f\u4e43\u4f5c\u5169\u5927\u9b1f\uff0c\u5782\u80a9\u9805\u9593\uff0c\u96d6\u919c\u800c\u6709\u771f\u614b\u3002\u674e\u6c0f\u81ea\u8b02\u5357\u5510\uff0c\u6545\u8863\u51a0\u591a\u7528\u5510\u5236\uff0c\u7136\u98a8\u6d41\u5bd4\u627f\u516d\u671d\u4e4b\u9918\u3002\u756b\u5bb6\u8005\u8a00\u8fa8\u53e4\u756b\u7576\u5148\u554f\u8863\u51a0\u8eca\u670d\uff0c\u84cb\u8b02\u662f\u4e5f\u3002\u7d39\u8208\u5e9a\u7533\u4e94\u6708\u4e59\u9149\u6fb9\u5d52\u5c45\u58eb\u984c\u3002\n\n\u5370\uff1a\u5f35\u6f82\u5370\u7ae0",
"inscription_translation": "[This is] Zhou Wenju\u2019s painting, In the Palace. [In this scroll], women and children number eighty, with a single man. All are drawn to life, not to mention such matters as cosmetic accessories, musical instruments, pots and pans, fans, chairs, mats, parakeets, dogs, and butterflies. Wenju was a native of Jurong. He served as a Hanlin Daizhao [painter-in-waiting] in the south. In figure painting, his style is akin to Zhou Fang\u2019s [active 8th century], but adding a touch of exquisiteness. He once painted a painting titled Southern Villa for Li Houzhu, a painting that was praised at the time as a supreme achievement. In later days, it was presented to the [Song] court and was much cherished in the imperial pavilion [library]. In the Palace was said to be a genuine work by him. It had been in the collection of Zhu Zai, the former Chamberlain for Palace Revenue. Perhaps he had a copy made as a gift, [which is the scroll that I saw]. Women here are depicted with tall chignons, such being the fashion since the Tang dynasty. This scroll presents them with full bodies and also long trailing skirts\u2014this was indeed Zhou Fang\u2019s approach. When in Qiaonan, I visited the descendents of Emperor Gaozu [r. 618\u2013626] of the Chen [dynasty] at Duanxi [near Gaoyao xian, Guangdong province] and saw with my own eyes their family collection of imperial ancestors. The attendant ladies at the sides of these Emperors had the same hairdo as is seen here. The palace servants were shown with two large loops hanging between the neck and shoulder. Although these hairstyles looked ugly, they do appear quite real indeed. The House of Li called its own dynasty Southern Tang; consequently, in matters of fashion, they adhered to the Tang mode. Yet in terms of their cultural origins, they were inheritors of the Six Dynasties. It is the insight of those painters who believed that, in appraising ancient paintings, the first priority lies in the discernment of costumes, furnishings, chariots, and so on. This is indeed the case. On the yiyou day of the fifth moon, the gengshen year of the Shaoxing era, Tanyan Jushi inscribed this. \n\nSeal: \u201cZhang Cheng yin zhang\u201d [seal inadvertently impressed upside down].",
"inscription_remark": null,
"sortorder": 2
}
],
"exhibitions": {
"current": [
{
"id": 302374,
"title": "Year in Review, 1976",
"description": "Year in Review, 1976. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (February 1-March 6, 1977).",
"opening_date": "1977-02-01T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 304517,
"title": "Eight Dynasties of Chinese Painting",
"description": "Eight Dynasties of Chinese Painting. The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art (November 7, 1980-January 4, 1981); The Cleveland Museum of Art (February 11-March 29, 1981); Tokyo National Museum (October 4-November 17, 1982).",
"opening_date": "1981-02-11T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 213957,
"title": "The Resonance of the Qin in Far Eastern Art",
"description": "The Resonance of the Qin in Far Eastern Art. China Institute in America, New York, NY (organizer) (September 16-December 12, 1999).",
"opening_date": "1999-09-16T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 231365,
"title": "Masterpieces of Early Chinese Painting and Calligraphy in American Collections",
"description": "Masterpieces of Early Chinese Painting and Calligraphy in American Collections. Shanghai Museum, Shanghai, China (organizer) (November 1, 2012-January 3, 2013).",
"opening_date": "2012-11-01T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 325382,
"title": "The Eternal Feast: Banqueting in 10th-14th Century Chinese Art",
"description": "The Eternal Feast: Banqueting in 10th-14th Century Chinese Art. Princeton University Art Museum, Princeton, NJ (organizer) (October 19, 2019-February 16, 2020).",
"opening_date": "2019-10-19T04:00:00"
},
{
"id": 395234,
"title": "China\u2019s Southern Paradise: Treasures from the Lower Yangzi Delta",
"description": "China\u2019s Southern Paradise: Treasures from the Lower Yangzi Delta. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (September 10, 2023-January 7, 2024).",
"opening_date": "2023-09-10T04:00:00"
}
],
"legacy": [
{
"description": "Exhibition of Oriental Art. University Museum, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (1917, 1922).",
"opening_date": "1917-01-01T05:00:00Z"
},
{
"description": "The International Exhibition of Chinese Art. Burlington House, Royal Academy of Arts, London, England (November 28, 1935-March 7, 1936).",
"opening_date": "1935-11-01T05:00:00Z"
},
{
"description": "Pacific Cultures, China. Golden Gate International Exhibition, San Francisco, CA (1939).",
"opening_date": "1939-01-01T05:00:00Z"
},
{
"description": "Main Asian Rotation (Gallery 120). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (January 20-April 22, 2002).",
"opening_date": "2002-01-20T05:00:00Z"
},
{
"description": "Main Asian Rotation (Gallery 120). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (July 22-October 26, 2003).",
"opening_date": "2003-07-22T04:00:00Z"
},
{
"description": "Main Asian Rotation (Gallery 120). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (October 19, 2004-April 21, 2005).",
"opening_date": "2004-10-19T04:00:00Z"
}
]
},
"provenance": [
{
"description": "Zhang Cheng \u5f35\u6f82 [d. 1143]",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "?\u20131143",
"sortorder": 1
},
{
"description": "Shen Zhou \u6c88\u5468 [1427\u20131509]",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "?\u20131509?",
"sortorder": 2
},
{
"description": "(C. T. Loo & Co., New York, NY)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "early 1900s",
"sortorder": 3
},
{
"description": "The University Museum, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "before 1928\u20131976",
"sortorder": 4
},
{
"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1976\u2013",
"sortorder": 5
}
],
"find_spot": null,
"related_works": [],
"former_accession_numbers": [],
"did_you_know": "The ladies' elaborate hairstyles, plump figures, and flowing robes are reminiscent of Tang dynasty fashion.",
"early_education_description": null,
"artlens_description": null,
"description": "In the Palace depicts 13 ladies of the imperial household, three servants, and six children in fluent baimiao (plain drawing) brushwork, accentuated by color. The women entertain themselves by making music, tending children, and playing with pets. Their elaborate hairstyles, plump figures, and flowing robes are reminiscent of Tang dynasty
fashion.
The scroll illustrates elegant court life and is a direct copy of the original by Zhou Wenju (active 940\u201375) from Zhenjiang, Jiangsu province. Zhou was employed at the Southern Tang court in Nanjing under Emperor Li Yu (reigned 961\u201376), a prolific poet.",
"external_resources": {
"wikidata": [
"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60472972"
],
"internet_archive": [
"https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1976.1-in-the-palace"
]
},
"citations": [
{
"citation": "The CMA handscroll is one part of an original twelfth-century painting, which was divided into four sections. The fourth section is in the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art.",
"page_number": "",
"url": "https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/40004"
},
{
"citation": "Another section of the handscroll is preserved in the Harvard Art Museums' collection.",
"page_number": "",
"url": "https://harvardartmuseums.org/collections/object/203790?position=undefined&context=exhibition&id=3251"
},
{
"citation": "The Bernard Berenson collection at Villa I Tatti, Florence, Italy, also has a section.",
"page_number": "",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Fernald, Helen Elizabeth. \"Ladies of the court, an early Chinese scroll painting.\" Museum Journal. v. 19, no. 4 [December 1928], pp. 333\u2013349.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: pp. 333\u2013349",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "The Chinese Exhibition; A Commemorative Catalogue of the International Exhibition of Chinese Art, Royal Academy of Arts, November 1935-March 1936. London: Faber and Faber, 1936.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: cat. no. 894, pp. 68, 87",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Pacific Cultures, Department of Fine Arts, Division of Pacific Cultures. San Francisco, CA: Golden Gate International Exposition, 1939.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: no. 154, pl. N; Mentioned: p. 38",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Loehr, Max. \"Chinese Paintings with Sung Dated Inscriptions.\" Ars orientalis: the arts of Islam and the East Volume 4 (1961): 219\u2013284.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 252",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/arsorientalisart41961univ/page/252"
},
{
"citation": "Yashiro, Yukio. Nihon bijutsu no saikento\u0304 [Japanese art re-examined = \u65e5\u672c\u7f8e\u8853\u306e\u518d\u691c\u8a0e]. Tokyo: Shincho\u0304sha, 1978.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: fig. 102",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1978. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1978.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 339",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAHandbook1978/page/n359"
},
{
"citation": "Watson, William. L'art de l'ancienne Chine. Paris: Mazenod, 1979.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: pl. 41",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Ho, Wai-kam, Sherman E. Lee, Laurence Sickman, and Marc F. Wilson. Eight Dynasties of Chinese Painting: The Collections of the Nelson Gallery-Atkins Museum, Kansas City, and the Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland, OH: Cleveland Museum of Art, in cooperation with Indiana University Press, 1980.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: cat. no. 16, pp. 27\u201329",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Cunningham, Michael R. \u201cPainting the Poetry of the Natural World.\u201d The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 75, no. 7 (September 1988): 279\u2013291.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 281, fig. 2",
"url": "http://www.jstor.org/stable/25160039"
},
{
"citation": "Fu, Shen C. Y. and Jan Stuart. Challenging the Past: The Paintings of Chang Dai-Chien. Washington, D.C.: Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, Smithsonian Institution, 1991.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 150, fig. 82",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Addiss, Stephen, Kenneth J. DeWoskin, and Mitchell Clark. The resonance of the qin in East Asian art. New York: China Institute Gallery, China Institute, 1999.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: pp. 68\u201369, cat. no. 6",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Chung, Anita. \"Collaboration and Commemoration: Cleveland's Masterpieces at the Shanghai Museum.\" Orientations 43:8 (Nov/Dec 2012): 90\u201395.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: pp. 90\u201391, fig. 1",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Shanghai bo wu guan. Han mo ju zhen: Zhongguo Riben Meiguo cang Zhongguo gu dai shu hua yi shu [\u7ff0\u58a8\u805a\u73cd: \u4e2d\u570b\u65e5\u672c\u7f8e\u570b\u85cf\u4e2d\u570b\u53e4\u4ee3\u66f8\u756b\u85dd\u8853 = Treasures in the spotlight: art of early Chinese painting and calligraphy in Chinese, Japanese and American collections]. Shanghai Shi: Shanghai shu hua chu ban she, 2012.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: pp. 84\u201385, fig. 39",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Shanghai bo wu guan. Han mo hui cui: xi du Meiguo cang Zhongguo Wu dai Song Yuan shu hua zhen pin [\u7ff0\u58a8\u8588\u8403: \u7ec6\u8bfb\u7f8e\u56fd\u85cf\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e94\u4ee3\u5b8b\u5143\u4e66\u753b\u73cd\u54c1 = Masterpieces of early Chinese painting and calligraphy in American collections]. Beijing: Beijing da xue chu ban she, 2012.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: pp. 329\u2013337, Reproduced: cat no. 39",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Chou, Ju-hsi and Anita Chung. Silent poetry: Chinese paintings from the collection of the Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland, OH: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2015.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: pp. 44\u201349",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Blanchard, Lara C. W. Song Dynasty Figures of Longing and Desire: Gender and Interiority in Chinese Painting and Poetry. Leiden; Boston: Brill, 2018.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: pp. 29\u201331, 34, 40; Reproduced: pp. 42\u201345, figs. 2.1- 2.4",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Kwok, Zoe S. The Eternal Feast: Banqueting in Chinese Art from the 10th to the 14th Century. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Art Museum, 2019.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: pp. 131\u2013132, no. 23",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Hu, Luwen. \"From Grassland to Garden-on the Embroidery Nine Goats Heralding the New Year.\" Orientations 50, no. 5 (Sept/Oct 2019): 120\u2013129.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 124",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Blanchard, Lara C. W. \"Defining a Female Subjectivity: Gendered Gazes and Feminist Reinterpretations in the Art of Cui Xiuwen and Yu Hong.\" (En)Gendering: Chinese Women's Art in the Making 28, no. 1 (February 2020): 177\u2013205.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: pp. 184\u2013185, fig. 4",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Griswold, William, Xiaofei Tian, Richard Von Glahn, Feng Zhao, S. J. Vainker, Masaaki Itakura, Jiang Wu, et al. China\u2019s Southern Paradise: Treasures from the Lower Yangzi Delta. Edited by Clarissa Von Spee. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 2023.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and Reproduced: pp. 139\u2013140, no. 40",
"url": ""
}
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