{
"data": {
"id": 149399,
"accession_number": "1978.54",
"share_license_status": "CC0",
"tombstone": "Fran\u00e7ois Tronchin, 1757. Jean-Etienne Liotard (Swiss, 1702\u20131789). Pastel on parchment; unframed: 38 x 46.3 cm (14 15/16 x 18 1/4 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, John L. Severance Fund, 1978.54",
"current_location": null,
"title": "Fran\u00e7ois Tronchin",
"creation_date": "1757",
"creation_date_earliest": 1757,
"creation_date_latest": 1757,
"artists_tags": [
"male"
],
"culture": [
"Switzerland"
],
"technique": "pastel on parchment",
"support_materials": [
{
"description": "parchment",
"watermarks": []
}
],
"department": "Drawings",
"collection": "DR - Swiss",
"type": "Drawing",
"measurements": "Unframed: 38 x 46.3 cm (14 15/16 x 18 1/4 in.)",
"dimensions": {
"unframed": {
"height": 0.38,
"height_inch": 14,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.9375,
"width": 0.463,
"width_inch": 18,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.25
}
},
"state_of_the_work": null,
"edition_of_the_work": null,
"copyright": null,
"inscriptions": [
{
"inscription": "signed and dated, in black crayon, at lower right: par. J.E. Liotard / 1757",
"inscription_translation": null,
"inscription_remark": null,
"sortorder": null
},
{
"inscription": "on verso, in red: TH / 51; mark of the Tronchin family",
"inscription_translation": null,
"inscription_remark": null,
"sortorder": null
}
],
"exhibitions": {
"current": [
{
"id": 304286,
"title": "Year in Review: 1978",
"description": "Year in Review: 1978. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (February 13-March 18, 1979).",
"opening_date": "1979-02-13T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 309658,
"title": "Portraiture: The Image of the Individual",
"description": "Portraiture: The Image of the Individual. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (November 22, 1983-January 22, 1984).",
"opening_date": "1983-11-22T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 192019,
"title": "Master Drawings from the Cleveland Museum of Art",
"description": "Master Drawings from the Cleveland Museum of Art. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (August 27-October 17, 2000).",
"opening_date": "2000-08-27T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 204986,
"title": "Treasures on Paper from the Collection of the Cleveland Museum of Art",
"description": "Treasures on Paper from the Collection of the Cleveland Museum of Art. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (March 9-June 8, 2014).",
"opening_date": "2014-03-09T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 665048,
"title": "Imagination in the Age of Reason",
"description": "Imagination in the Age of Reason. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (September 28, 2024-March 2, 2025).",
"opening_date": "2024-09-28T04:00:00"
}
],
"legacy": [
{
"description": "De Gen\u00e8ve a\u0300 l'Ermitage: les collections de Franc\u0327ois Tronchin. Muse\u0301e Rath, Geneva (June 21 - September 15, 1974).",
"opening_date": "1974-06-21T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "Exposition Jean Etienne Liotard, Johann Heinrich F\u00fcssli. Mus\u00e9e de l'Orangerie, Paris (April - June 1948).",
"opening_date": "1948-04-01T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "Exposition d'oeuvres de Jean Etienne Liotard. Mus\u00e9e d'art et d'histoire, Geneva (May 1 - 31, 1925).",
"opening_date": "1925-05-01T00:00:00"
},
{
"description": "Exposition Jean-Etienne Liotard. Socie\u0301te\u0301 des arts, Geneva (1886).",
"opening_date": null
}
]
},
"provenance": [
{
"description": "Fran\u00e7ois Tronchin [1704-1798], Geneva, by descent to Jean-Louis Robert Tronchin",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1757-1798",
"sortorder": 1
},
{
"description": "Jean-Louis Robert Tronchin [1763-\n?], Geneva, by descent to Armand Henri Tronchin",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1798-?",
"sortorder": 2
},
{
"description": "Armand Henri Tronchin [1794-1865], Bessinge, Sweden, by descent to Louis-R\u00e9my-Nosky Tronchin",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "?-after 1865",
"sortorder": 3
},
{
"description": "Louis-R\u00e9my-Nosky Tronchin [1825-1873], Geneva, by descent to Henry Tonchin",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "after 1865-after 1873",
"sortorder": 4
},
{
"description": "Henry Tronchin [1853-1891], by descent to Robert Tronchin",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "after 1873-after 1891",
"sortorder": 5
},
{
"description": "Robert Tronchin [1883-?], by descent to Christiane Tronchin, Marquise de Hillerin, Paris",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "by 1925-by 1948",
"sortorder": 6
},
{
"description": "Christiane Tronchin, Marquise de Hillerin, Paris, sold as part of the Tronchin collcetion to Xavier Givaudan",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "by 1948-1950",
"sortorder": 7
},
{
"description": "Xavier Givaudan, Geneva, by descent to Andr\u00e9 Givaudan",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1950-by 1973",
"sortorder": 8
},
{
"description": "Andr\u00e9 Givaudan, Geneva",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "by 1973-after 1974",
"sortorder": 9
},
{
"description": "(L\u00e9on Givaudan, Paris, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "after 1974-1978",
"sortorder": 10
},
{
"description": "Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": null,
"date": "1978-",
"sortorder": 11
}
],
"find_spot": null,
"related_works": [],
"former_accession_numbers": [],
"did_you_know": "Jean-Etienne Liotard created portraits of eight other members of the Tronchin family around the same time as this pastel.",
"early_education_description": null,
"artlens_description": null,
"description": "This pastel drawing depicts Fran\u00e7ois Tronchin, a prominent figure in his native Geneva and an impassioned patron of the arts. The table before Tronchin features a book, mathematical instruments, and papers that indicate his interests in architecture and music. Rembrandt's Lady in Bed, a painting that the Dutch master created around 1645 (today in the collection of the Scottish National Gallery) and the most highly prized painting in Tronchin's collection, rests on an easel nearby. Liotard considered the portrait of Tronchin among his finest works, and the meticulous rendering of the sitter's powdered wig, transparent flesh, and lace cuffs suggest the skill he had developed in pastel at this time.",
"external_resources": {
"wikidata": [
"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60780789"
],
"internet_archive": [
"https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1978.54-francois-tronchin"
]
},
"citations": [
{
"citation": "Mou\u0308cke, Francesco. \"Liotard.\" In Serie di ritratti degli eccellenti pittori: dipinti di propria mano che esistono nell'Imperial galleria di Firenze, 273-76. Florence: Mou\u0308cke, 1762.",
"page_number": "Mentioned.",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Tronchin, Fran\u00e7ois. Catalogue des tableaux du cabinet de M. Tronchin, conseiller d'Etat \u00e0 Gen\u00e8ve. Geneva: Tronchin, 1765.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 50",
"url": "https://books.google.com/books?id=TXm0qodKB5cC&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=catalogue%20des%20tableaux%20de%20mon%20cabinet&pg=PP5#v=onepage&q&f=false"
},
{
"citation": "Liotard, Jean-Etienne. Trait\u00e9 des principes et des r\u00e8gles de la peinture [1781] Repr. Geneva: Pierre Cailler, 1945.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: pp. 108-9",
"url": "http://doc.rero.ch/record/208704/files/BAA_IA_21.pdf"
},
{
"citation": "Sinner, Johann Rudolph. Voyage historique et litte\u0301raire dans la suisse occidentale. Neuch\u00e2tel: Imprimerie de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 typographique, 1781.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 42",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Exposition Jean-Etienne Liotard. Exh. Cat. Geneva: Socie\u0301te\u0301 des arts, 1886.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 7, no. 36",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Giron, C. \"L'Exposition Liotard.\" Journal de Gene\u0300ve (May 12, 1886).",
"page_number": "Mentioned: n.p.",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Tronchin, Henry. Le Conseiller Franc\u0327ois Tronchin et ses amis Voltaire, Diderot, Grimm. Paris: Plon, 1895.
",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 258",
"url": "https://hdl.handle.net/2027/umn.319510021301824"
},
{
"citation": "Humbert, E\u0301douard, Alphonse Revilliod, and J.W.R. Tilanus. La Vie et les oeuvres de Jean Etienne Liotard, \u00e9tude biographique et iconographique. Amsterdam: C.M. Van Gogh, 1897.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: pp. 129-30, no. 78; Reproduced: p. 129",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/lavieetlesoeuvre00humbuoft/page/n10/mode/2up"
},
{
"citation": "Baud-Bovy, Daniel. \"Le Mouvemeent d'art en suisse, peintres genevois (XVIIIe si\u00e8cle et commencement du XIXe), premier article.\" Gazette des beaux-arts, no. 542 (August 1902): 101-113.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 105",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Crosnier, Jules. Nos Anciens et leurs oeuvres. Geneva: L\u00e9on Bovy, 1908.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 104; Reproduced: n.p.",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Vaillat, L\u00e9andre. \"Liotard.\" Les Arts 10 (October 1911): 1-32.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 24",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Clouzot, Henri. \"Les Pastels de Gen\u00e8ve.\" La Renaissance de l'art franc\u0327ais et des industries de luxe 3 (1920): 158-165.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 164",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "\"Catalogue des oeuvres de Liotard expos\u00e9s au Mus\u00e9e d'Art et d'Histoire, du 1er au 31 mai 1925.\" Pages d'art, revue mensuelle suisse illustr\u00e9e (January 1925).",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 103",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Gielly, Louis. \"Les pastels de J.-\u00c9. Liotard \u00e0 Gen\u00e8ve,\" Revue de l'art ancien et moderne (1926).",
"page_number": "Mentioned: pp. 256, 271",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Gielly, Louis Jules. L'e\u0301cole genevoise de peinture. Geneva: Sonor, 1935.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: pp. 46, 207",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Ratouis de Limay, Paul. Le Pastel en France au XVIIIe\u0300me sie\u0300cle. Paris: Baudini\u00e8re, 1946.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 133",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Exposition Jean Etienne Liotard, Johann Heinrich F\u00fcssli. Exh. Cat. Paris: Mus\u00e9e de l'Orangerie, 1948.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: pp. 13, 25, no. 14",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Benisovich, Michel N. \"Les collections de tableaux du conseiller Fran\u00e7ois Tronchin et le mus\u00e9e de l'Ermitage.\" Geneva 1 (1953): 25-51.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 40, no. 80, fig. 13",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Fosca, Fran\u00e7ois. \"Un peintre genevois du XVIIIe si\u00e8cle: Jean-Etienne Liotard.\" Jardin des arts 27 (1957): 164-169.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 168; Reproduced: p. 166",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Adair, Virginia and Lee. Eighteenth Century Pastel Portraits. London: John Gifford Ltd, 1971.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 73",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "De Gen\u00e8ve a\u0300 l'Ermitage: les collections de Franc\u0327ois Tronchin. Exh. Cat. Geneva: Muse\u0301e Rath, 1974.
",
"page_number": "Mentioned: pp. 175-78, no. 347; Reproduced: p. 177",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Lee, Sherman E. \u201cThe Year in Review for 1978.\u201d The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 66, no. 1 (January 1979): 3\u201347.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 23; Mentioned: p. 43, no. 36",
"url": "http://www.jstor.org/stable/25159613"
},
{
"citation": "The Cleveland Museum of Art. The Cleveland Museum of Art Catalogue of Paintings, Part 3: European Paintings of the 16th, 17th, and 18th Centuries. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1982.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 520; Mentioned: p. 521-522",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Georgel, Pierre and Anne-Marie Lecoq. La peinture dans la peinture. Exh. Cat. Dijon: Muse\u0301e des Beaux-Arts, 1982.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 161",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Duffin, Ross. R\u00e9pertoire international d'iconographie musicale/International Repertory of Music Iconography Inventory of Music Iconography. New York: Research Center for Music Iconography, 1991.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: vol. 8, p. 11, no. 213",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Brown, Christopher, Jan Kelch, and Pieter J. J. van Thiel. Rembrandt: The Master and His Workshop. Exh. Cat. London: National Gallery, 1991.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 230",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Herdt, Anne de. Dessins de Liotard: suivi du catalogue de l'oeuvre dessine\u0301. Paris: Re\u0301union des muse\u0301es nationaux, 1992.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 182",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "L'Age d'or flamand et hollandais: collections de Catherine II, Mus\u00e9e de l'Ermitage, Saint-P\u00e9tersbourg. Exh. Cat. Dijon: Muse\u0301e des Beaux-Arts, 1993.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 47",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Apgar, Garry, and Jean Huber. L\u2019art Singulier de Jean Huber : Voir Voltaire. Paris: A. Biro, 1995.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 168; reproduced: p. 166, no. 140",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Kathke, Petra. Portra\u0308t und Accessoire: eine Bildnisform im 16. Jahrhundert. Berlin: D. Reimer, 1997.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 303; Reproduced: fig. 154",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "DeGrazia, Diane and Carter E. Foster. Master Drawings from the Cleveland Museum of Art. Exh. Cat. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2000.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: pp. 12-13; Reproduced: p. 13",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Koos, Marianne. \"'Malerei ohne Pockenspuren': Oberfl\u00e4che im Werk von Jean-Etienne Liotard.\"Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Kunstgeschichte 4, no. 70 (2007): 545-72.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: pp. 563-70; Reproduced: p. 564",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Roethlisberger, Marcel and Rene\u0301e Loche. Liotard: catalogue, sources et correspondance. Doornspijk: Davaco, 2008.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: vol. 1, pp. 503-506, no. 349; Reproduced: vol. 2, fig. 499",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Bark, Julianna M. \"Liotard, History Painting, and Mimesis.\" Cantor Arts Center Journal 6 (2008-9): 19-25.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 22",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Lorenzo, Andrea di. \"Sotto segno di Correggio. Due progetti per soffitti illusionistici: Una proposta per il Giovane Primaticcio.\" Nuovi Studi 14, no. 15 (2009): 153-64.",
"page_number": "Mentioned: p. 154; Reproduced: fig. 175",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Buyssens, Danielle. La question de l'art a\u0300 Gene\u0300ve, du cosmopolitisme des lumie\u0300res au romantisme des nationalite\u0301s. Ph.D. diss. Universite\u0301 de Lille 3, 2011.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: pl. V",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Blumle, Claudia. \"Das Bild als Vorhang.\" In Hinter dem Vorhang: Verh\u00fcllung und Enth\u00fcllung seit der Renaissance - von Tizian bis Christo. Oakar Ba\u0308tschmann, et.al. Munich: Hirmer, 2016.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 33",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Wetering, Ernst van de, Murray Pearson, Carin van Nes, and Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn. Rembrandt's Paintings Revisited - a Complete Survey : a Reprint of A Corpus of Rembrandt Paintings VI. 2017.",
"page_number": "Reproduced and mentioned; vol. 2 p. 585, fig. 3",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Guichard, Charlotte. La griffe du peintre: la valeur de l'art (1730-1820).
Paris: \u00c9ditions du Seuil, 2018.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: pp. 6-8, fig. 1; Mentioned: p. 9",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Salmon, Xavier. Pastels in the Muse\u0301e Du Louvre: 17th and 18th Centuries. 2018.",
"page_number": "p. 210",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Grijzenhout, F., and Jean-Etienne Liotard. Liotard in Nederland. Utrecht: Kwadraat, 1985.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 63.",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Guichard, Charlotte. \"Signatures, Authorship and Autographie in Eighteenth-Century French Painting.\" Art History 41, no. 2 (April 2018): 266-291.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: pp. 272-273, fig. 3 & 4",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Oberli, Matthias. Mit Pinsel, Palette und Peru\u0308cke: Barocke Malerei in der Schweiz. Basel : Schwabe Verlag, Schwabe Verlagsgruppe AG, 2021.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 38-39, Abb. 21",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Kruse, Jillian. \u201cImagination in the Age of Reason: Prints and drawings showcase imagination's power.\u201d Cleveland Art: Cleveland Museum of Art Members Magazine 65, no. 3 (2024): 6-7.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 6; Mentioned: p. 7",
"url": "https://archive.org/details/CMAMM-2024-03"
},
{
"citation": "Black, Emily, and Philippe Clerc. Collection Du Crest: Artistes de L\u2019Ecole Genevoise. Gene\u0300ve: E\u0301ditions Notari, 2025.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: p. 26, fig. 8",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Landin, Conrad. \u201cReview: In the Know.\u201d Apollo 203, n. 753 (June 2026): 112-113.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 113",
"url": ""
}
],
"catalogue_raisonne": "Roethlisberger 349",
"url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1978.54",
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"alternate_images": [],
"creditline": "John L. Severance Fund",
"image_credit": null,
"sketchfab_id": null,
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"gallery_donor_text": null,
"athena_id": 149399,
"creators": [
{
"id": 12028,
"description": "Jean-Etienne Liotard (Swiss, 1702\u20131789)",
"extent": null,
"qualifier": null,
"role": "artist",
"biography": null,
"name_in_original_language": null,
"birth_year": "1702",
"death_year": "1789",
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}
],
"legal_status": "accessioned",
"accession_date": "1978-08-10T00:00:00",
"sortable_date": 1757,
"date_added_to_oa": null,
"date_text": "1757",
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"cover_accession_number": null,
"is_nazi_era_provenance": false,
"impression": null,
"alternate_titles": [],
"is_highlight": true,
"updated_at": "2026-06-27 11:17:36.808000"
}
}