{
"data": {
"id": 149768,
"accession_number": "1979.80",
"share_license_status": "CC0",
"tombstone": "Saint John the Baptist in a Landscape, c. 1445. Attributed to Petrus Christus (Netherlandish, c. 1410\u20131475/76). Oil on panel; unframed: 40.2 x 12.5 cm (15 13/16 x 4 15/16 in.); painted surface: 39.6 x 11.5 cm (15 9/16 x 4 1/2 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Leonard C. Hanna Jr. Fund, 1979.80",
"current_location": "112 Northern Renaissance",
"title": "Saint John the Baptist in a Landscape",
"creation_date": "c. 1445",
"creation_date_earliest": 1440,
"creation_date_latest": 1450,
"artists_tags": [
"male"
],
"culture": [
"Flanders, Bruges"
],
"technique": "oil on panel",
"support_materials": [],
"department": "Medieval Art",
"collection": "MED - Medieval Art",
"type": "Painting",
"measurements": "Unframed: 40.2 x 12.5 cm (15 13/16 x 4 15/16 in.); Painted surface: 39.6 x 11.5 cm (15 9/16 x 4 1/2 in.)",
"dimensions": {
"unframed": {
"height": 0.402,
"height_inch": 15,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.8125,
"width": 0.125,
"width_inch": 4,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.9375
},
"painted surface": {
"height": 0.396,
"height_inch": 15,
"height_inch_fraction": 0.5625,
"width": 0.115,
"width_inch": 4,
"width_inch_fraction": 0.5
}
},
"state_of_the_work": null,
"edition_of_the_work": null,
"copyright": null,
"inscriptions": [],
"exhibitions": {
"current": [
{
"id": 304412,
"title": "Year in Review: 1979",
"description": "Year in Review: 1979. The Cleveland Museum of Art (organizer) (February 13-March 9, 1980).",
"opening_date": "1980-02-13T05:00:00"
},
{
"id": 205801,
"title": "Recognizing van Eyck",
"description": "Recognizing van Eyck. Philadelphia Museum of Art (organizer) (April 4-May 31, 1998).",
"opening_date": "1998-04-04T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 220441,
"title": "The Mediterranean Renaissance. The Movement of Artists and Works of Art Between Italy, France, and Spain in the 15th-century.",
"description": "The Mediterranean Renaissance. The Movement of Artists and Works of Art Between Italy, France, and Spain in the 15th-century.. Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza, Madrid, Spain (organizer) (January 31-May 6, 2001); Museo de Bellas Artes, Valencia, Spain (June 18-September 2, 2001).",
"opening_date": "2001-01-31T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 227326,
"title": "Jan van Eyck, Early Netherlandish Painting and the South of Europe",
"description": "Jan van Eyck, Early Netherlandish Painting and the South of Europe. Groeningemuseum, Stedelijke Musea, Brugge, Belgium (March 15-June 30, 2002).",
"opening_date": "2002-03-15T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 317804,
"title": "Van Eyck: An Optical Revolution",
"description": "Van Eyck: An Optical Revolution. Museum of Fine Arts Ghent, Ghent, Belgium (organizer) (February 1-April 30, 2020) https://www.mskgent.be/en/exhibitions/van-eyck.",
"opening_date": "2020-02-01T05:00:00"
}
],
"legacy": [
{
"description": "Petrus Christus, Renaissance Master of Bruges, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, NY (April 11-July 31, 1994).",
"opening_date": "1994-04-11T00:00:00"
}
]
},
"provenance": [
{
"description": "Herederos de John Frere (1740-1807), Royal Hall, Norfolk, England",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": null,
"sortorder": 1
},
{
"description": "(E.V. Thaw, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art)",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "?-1979",
"sortorder": 2
},
{
"description": "The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH",
"citations": [],
"footnotes": [],
"date": "1979-",
"sortorder": 3
}
],
"find_spot": null,
"related_works": [],
"former_accession_numbers": [],
"did_you_know": "In the background is the Blacksmith's Gate, originally built in 1297, which still stands in the city Bruges, although it has been rebuilt multiple times over the centuries.",
"early_education_description": null,
"artlens_description": null,
"description": "The overall style of this painting suggests that it was painted by an artist closely associated with the Netherlandish painter Jan van Eyck. The facial structure of the saint as well as the artist\u2019s treatment of his cloak are typical of van Eyck\u2019s follower, Petrus Christus. Christus was active in the city of Bruges and was a probable pupil and successor to Jan van Eyck, with whom his paintings have often been confused. Here, Christus depicts John the Baptist as an isolated, monumental figure without his typical hairshirt or other references to his life. This approach is derived from Claus Sluter\u2019s monumental image of Saint John from the portal at Champmol and from manuscript illuminators working for Philip the Bold and his brother Jean de Berry. Here, John holds the Lamb of God, a symbol of Christ\u2019s sacrifice and a reference to John\u2019s proclamation of Christ\u2019s redemption of humankind. Upon his death, Christus was succeeded by Hans Memling as the next great painter in Bruges.",
"external_resources": {
"wikidata": [
"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60474303"
],
"internet_archive": [
"https://archive.org/details/clevelandart-1979.80-saint-john-the-bapti"
]
},
"citations": [
{
"citation": "Lee, Sherman E. \"The Year in Review for 1979.\" The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 67, no. 3 (1980)",
"page_number": "Cat. No. 7, p. 95",
"url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/25159667"
},
{
"citation": "\"La chronique des arts,\" Gazette des Beaux-Arts XCV, no. 1334 (March 1980).",
"page_number": "p. 30, no. 158",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Lurie, Ann Tzeutschler. \"A Newly Discovered Eyckian St. John the Baptist in a Landscape.\" The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 68, no. 4 (1981).",
"page_number": "pp. 87-109",
"url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/25159721"
},
{
"citation": "\"A Technical Note.\" The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 68, no. 4 (1981)",
"page_number": "pp. 110-119",
"url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/25159722"
},
{
"citation": "Bauman, Guy, and Walter A. Liedtke. Flemish Paintings in America: A Survey of Early Netherlandish and Flemish Paintings in the Public Collections of North America. Antwerp: Fonds Mercator, 1992.",
"page_number": "p. 323, fig. 151",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Ainsworth, Maryan W., Petrus Christus, and Maximiliaan P. J. Martens. Petrus Christus: Renaissance Master of Bruges. 1994.",
"page_number": "Cat. No. 3",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Hand, John Oliver. \"Petrus Christus at the Metropolitan\" Apollo (October 1994).",
"page_number": "p. 50",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Eyck, Jan van, and J. R. J. van Asperen de Boer. Jan Van Eyck: Two Paintings of Saint Francis Receiving the Stigmata. 1997.",
"page_number": "pp. 88-95",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Luber, Katherine Crawford. \"Recognizing Van Eyck\". Philadelphia Museum of Art Bulletin 91 (1998).",
"page_number": "fig. 18, p. 18, # 6, p. 46",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza, and Museo de Bellas Artes de Valencia. The Mediterranean Renaissance: the movement of artists and works of art between Italy, France and Spain in the fifteenth century : press report. [Madrid?]: Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza, 2001.",
"page_number": "exh. cat. no. 35, pp 285-287",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Benito Domenech, Fernando, and Jose\u0301 Go\u0301mez Frechina. La clave flamenca en los primitivos valencianos. Vale\u0301ncia: Generalitat Valenciana, 2001.",
"page_number": "fig. 1.3, p. 109",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Natale, Mauro. El Renacimiento mediterra\u0301neo: viajes de artistas e itinerarios de obras entre Italia, Francia y Espan\u0303a en el siglo XV : Madrid, Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza, del 31 de enero al 6 de mayo de 2001, Valencia Museu de Belles Arts de Vale\u0300ncia, del 18 de mayo al 2 de septiembre de 2001. Madrid: Fundacio\u0301n Coleccio\u0301n Thyssen-Bornemisza, 2001.",
"page_number": "Cat. No. 35, pp. 285-87",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Borchert, Till, and Andreas Beyer. Age of Van Eyck: The Mediterranean World and Early Netherlandish Painting, 1430-1530. Ghent [Belgium]: Ludion, 2002.",
"page_number": "Cat. No. 9, fig. 9, p. 15",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Boccardo, Piero, Clario Di Fabio, Philippe Se\u0301ne\u0301chal, and Giovanni Assereto. Genova e la Francia: opere, artisti, committenti, collezionisti. Cinisello Balsamo (Milano): Silvana, 2003.",
"page_number": "p. 82, fig. 7",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "\"Van Eyck: et la Diffusion de L'Art Flamand.\" Dossier de Art, no. 119 (2005).",
"page_number": "p. 53",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "Cleveland Museum of Art. The CMA Companion: A Guide to the Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2014.",
"page_number": "Mentioned and reproduced: P. 274",
"url": ""
},
{
"citation": "Borchert, Till-Holger. \"The Impact of Jan van Eyck's lost lomellini Triptych and his Genoese Patrons.\" 4 (March 2019) 30-61.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: p. 54",
"url": null
},
{
"citation": "DePoorter, Matthias. \"Jan van Eyck's Discovery of Nature.\" In Van Eyck: An Optical Revolution. Maximiliaan Martens, Till-Holger Borchert, Jan Dumolyn, Johan de Smet, and Frederica Van Dam, 204-235. Gent: Hannibal-MSK, 2020.",
"page_number": "Reproduced: P. 215, fig. 8.10",
"url": ""
}
],
"url": "https://clevelandart.org/art/1979.80",
"images": {
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"alternate_images": [],
"creditline": "Leonard C. Hanna Jr. Fund",
"image_credit": null,
"sketchfab_id": null,
"sketchfab_url": null,
"gallery_donor_text": "Lucia Smith Nash Gallery",
"athena_id": 149768,
"creators": [
{
"id": 61584,
"description": "Petrus Christus (Netherlandish, c. 1410\u20131475/76)",
"extent": null,
"qualifier": "attributed to",
"role": "artist",
"biography": null,
"name_in_original_language": null,
"birth_year": "1410",
"death_year": "1476",
"use_in_caption": true,
"include_extent": false,
"weight": 1
}
],
"legal_status": "accessioned",
"accession_date": "1979-11-14T00:00:00",
"sortable_date": 1440,
"date_added_to_oa": null,
"date_text": "c. 1445",
"collapse_artists": false,
"on_loan": false,
"recently_acquired": false,
"record_type": "object",
"conservation_statement": null,
"has_conservation_images": false,
"cover_accession_number": null,
"is_nazi_era_provenance": true,
"impression": null,
"alternate_titles": [],
"is_highlight": false,
"updated_at": "2026-09-04 11:08:46.514000"
}
}