id: 150693 accession number: 1982.124 share license status: CC0 url: https://clevelandart.org/art/1982.124 updated: 2024-03-26 01:59:48.419000 Pine Tree, c. 1897. Giovanni Segantini (Italian, 1858–1899). Oil on fabric; framed: 149.5 x 84.8 x 4.1 cm (58 7/8 x 33 3/8 x 1 5/8 in.); unframed: 135.2 x 72 cm (53 1/4 x 28 3/8 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Mr. and Mrs. William H. Marlatt Fund 1982.124 title: Pine Tree title in original language: series: series in original language: creation date: c. 1897 creation date earliest: 1892 creation date latest: 1902 current location: 222 Impressionism & Post-Impressionism creditline: Mr. and Mrs. William H. Marlatt Fund copyright: --- culture: Italy, 19th century technique: oil on fabric department: Modern European Painting and Sculpture collection: Mod Euro - Painting 1800-1960 type: Painting find spot: catalogue raisonne: --- CREATORS * Giovanni Segantini (Italian, 1858–1899) - artist By the age of eight, Giovanni Battista Emanuele Maria Segatini (who changed his last name to Segantini in 1879), was orphaned and subsequently lived in institutions and with family members in Milan. The early death of his mother in particular preoccupied him throughout his life, and the subject of motherly care would become a recurrent theme in his oeuvre. In 1875 he became an apprentice to the photographer and decorative painter Luigi Tettamanzi and began attending the Academy of the Brera in the evenings. Two years later Segantini enrolled in day classes for landscape and decorative painting. He achieved some financial security in 1880 when art dealer, critic, and painter Vittore Grubicy (1851-1920) began buying his work. That same year the young artist met Luigia Bugatti (called Bice, sister of the designer Carlo Bugatti [1856-1940]), with whom he would have four children. Grubicy helped support Segantini and encouraged him to travel to the Brianza region near Lake Como in order to paint directly from nature. Segantini depicted the life of peasants and their animals, most likely influenced by the work of Millet (q.v.). Within three years Segantini had signed an exclusive contract with Grubicy. In 1883 he was awarded a gold medal at the Universal Exhibition in Amsterdam. Three years later he moved to the mountain village of Savognin at the foot of the Julier Pass in Switzerland and began painting the mountains and their inhabitants. Following the advice of Grubicy, he started experimenting with the division of colors in which he juxtaposed pure bands of pigment on the canvas, creating a luminous atmosphere. He was thus one of the leading developers of divisionism, the Italian variant of neo-impressionism. Segantini's relationship with Grubicy came to an end in 1891 after a conflict between Vittore and his brother, Alberto, on how to manage the gallery. Segantini chose the latter's side. Alberto had been controlling the financial aspects of his contract with the Grubicy gallery since 1886. From 1894 until his death in 1899, the artist lived in Majola, where he produced works of a more visionary and symbolic character that allocated a central role to nature as an overpowering force. He died on the Alpine peak Schafberg (Sheep Mountain) while working on one of the three canvasses that formed Il Trittico della Natura (The Triptych of Nature, 1896-99, Segantini Museum, St. Moritz). Since the 1888 London Universal Exhibition, the artist had earned an international reputation, particularly in Germany where he also exhibited frequently. His artistic persona has been compared with those of Edvard Munch (1863-1944) and van Gogh (q.v.). Wassily Kandinsky (1866-1944) called him one of the pioneers of the "spiritual in art," and the Italian Futurists regarded him as one of the exemplar figures of modernism. --- measurements: Framed: 149.5 x 84.8 x 4.1 cm (58 7/8 x 33 3/8 x 1 5/8 in.); Unframed: 135.2 x 72 cm (53 1/4 x 28 3/8 in.) state of the work: edition of the work: support materials: inscriptions: --- CURRENT EXHIBITIONS title: The Year in Review for 1982 opening date: 1983-01-05T05:00:00 The Year in Review for 1982. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (January 5-February 6, 1983). title: Giovanni Segantini opening date: 1990-11-08T05:00:00 Giovanni Segantini. Kunsthaus Zürich, CH-8024 Zürich, Switzerland (organizer) (November 8, 1990-February 17, 1991). title: Monet to Dalí: Modern Masters from the Cleveland Museum of Art opening date: 2006-05-27T00:00:00 Monet to Dalí: Modern Masters from the Cleveland Museum of Art. Beijing World Art Museum, China (May 26-August 27, 2006); Mori Art Center (September 16-November 26, 2006); Seoul Art Center, South Korea (December 22, 2006-March 28, 2007); Seoul Olympic Museum of Art, South Korea (April 7-May 20, 2007); Vancouver Art Gallery, Vancouver, Canada (June 9-September 16, 2007); The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (October 21, 2007-January 13, 2008); Frist Art Museum, Nashville, TN (February 15-June 1, 2008); Utah Museum of Fine Arts, Salt Lake City, UT (June 22-September 21, 2008); The Detroit Institute of Arts, Detroit, MI (October 12, 2008-January 18, 2009). title: Giovanni Segantini opening date: 2011-01-16T00:00:00 Giovanni Segantini. Fondation Beyeler, CH-4125 Riehen/Basel, Switzerland (organizer) (January 16-April 25, 2011). title: Stories From Storage opening date: 2021-02-07T05:00:00 Stories From Storage. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (February 7-May 16, 2021). --- LEGACY EXHIBITIONS * {'description': 'Esposizione di alcune opere di G. Segantini. Milan, Italy (1899).', 'opening_date': None} * {'description': 'Previati mon.to a Segantini di Leo Bistolfi. Galleria Alberto Grubicy, Milan, Italy (1906).', 'opening_date': '1906-01-01T00:00:00'} * {'description': "Exposition des peintres divisionnistes italiens. Serre de l'Alma, Paris,France; Gallerie Grubicy, Milan, Italy (organizer) (1907).", 'opening_date': '1907-01-01T00:00:00'} * {'description': 'Giovanni Segantini Gedächtnis-Ausstellung. Saint Moritz., Switzerland (1949).', 'opening_date': '1949-01-01T00:00:00'} * {'description': 'Graubünden in der Malerei des 20 Jahrhunderts. Kunsthaus, Chur, Switzerland (1954).', 'opening_date': '1954-01-01T00:00:00'} * {'description': 'Mostra Commemorativa di Giovanni Segantini. Palazzo Marchetti, Arco, Italy (1958).', 'opening_date': '1958-01-01T00:00:00'} --- PROVENANCE (Galleria Alberto Grubicy, Milan) date: Until 1907 footnotes: *
In 1880 Segantini achieved some financial security when art dealer, critic, and painter Vittore Grubicy began buying his work.  Grubicy helped support Segantini, and within three years, the artist had signed an exclusive contract with Grubicy.  Their relationship ended in 1891 after a conflict between Vittore and his brother, Alberto, over how to manage the gallery. Segantini sided with Alberto, who had been controlling the financial aspects of Segantini’s contract with the gallery since 1886.  
citations: Oscar Bernhard [1861-1939], Samaden/St. Moritz, probably by descent to his daughter, Annigna Petitpierre-Bernhard date: Probably until 1939 footnotes: *
Bernhard, a friend of Segantini’s since 1894, was patron of the artist, as well as his physician when he came down with a fatal case of peritonitis in 1899. In 1908 Bernhard cofounded the Segantini museum in St. Moritz. 

citations: Annigna Petitpierre-Bernhard [1899-1978], Zurich date: Probably 1939-at least 1973 footnotes: *
Petitpierre-Bernhard’s initials, “P.B.,” are inscribed in blue crayon on the back of the painting’s stretcher. 
citations: (Galerie Nathan, Zurich, sold to the Cleveland Museum of Art) date: Until 1982 footnotes: citations: The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, Ohio date: 1982- footnotes: citations: --- fun fact: digital description: wall description: --- RELATED WORKS --- CITATIONS
 Quinsac, Annie-Paule. Segantini: catalogo generale. Milano: Electa, 1982.
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Grubicy, Alberto, and Mario Morasso. Catalogo delle mostre coll. ve Segantini [e] Previati; mon. to a Segantini di Leo. Bistolfi. [Milano]: [Tip. L.F. Cogliati], 1906. 
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Arcangeli, Francesco, and Maria Cristina Gozzoli. L'opera completa di Segantini.  Milano: Rizzoli, 1973.
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Fiori, Teresa. Archivi del divisionismo 2. Rome: Officina Edizioni, 1968.
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Galerie Nathan, invoice to the Cleveland Museum of Art, Oct. 5, 1982, in CMA curatorial file.
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Arcangeli, Francesco, and Maria Cristina Gozzoli. L'opera completa di Segantini.  Milano: Rizzoli, 1973.

page number: url:
Quinsac, Annie-Paule. Segantini: catalogo generale. Milano: Electa, 1982.
page number: url:
Fiori, Teresa. Archivi del divisionismo 2. Rome: Officina Edizioni, 1968.
page number: url:
Fiori, Teresa. Archivi del divisionismo 2. Rome: Officina Edizioni, 1968.
page number: url:
Arcangeli, Francesco, and Maria Cristina Gozzoli. L'opera completa di Segantini.  Milano: Rizzoli, 1973.
page number: url:
Galerie Nathan, invoice to the Cleveland Museum of Art, Oct. 5, 1982, in CMA curatorial file.
page number: url: Locatelli-Milesi, Achille. L'Oeuvre de Giovanni Segantini. Paris: Soc. Dante Alighieri, 1907. page number: Reproduced: opp. p. 12 url: Montandon, Marcel. Segantini. Bielefeld, Germany: Velhagen & Klasing, 1925. page number: Reproduced: p. 119, fig. 105 url: Nicodemi, Giorgio. Giovanni Segantini. Milano: L'Arte, 1956. page number: Mentioned: p. 225, no. 9 url: Fiori, Teresa. Archivi del Divisionismo. Roma, Italy: Officina Edizioni, 1968. page number: Reproduced: fig. 442 url: Gozzoli, Maria Cristina. L'opera completa di Segantini. Milano, Italy: Rizzoli, 1973. page number: Reproduced: no. 392 url: Lüthy, Hans A., and Corrado Maltese. Giovanni Segantini. Zürich, Switzerland: Orell Füssli Verlag, 1981. page number: Reproduced: p. 129 url: Quinsac, Annie-Paule, and Giovanni Segantini. Segantini: catalogo generale. Milano, Italy: Electa, 1982. page number: Reproduced: no. 530, vol. II url: Lee, Sherman E. "Year in Review for 1982."The Bulletin of The Cleveland Museum of Art LXX, no. 1 (January, 1983):3-55. page number: Reproduced: p. 17, Mentioned: p. 51, no. 32 url: Sackerlotzky, Rotraud. "Giovanni Segantini: Stone Pine and Alpine Roses." The Bulletin of The Cleveland Museum of Art LXXIII, no. 1 (January, 1986): 2-13. page number: Reproduced: cover, p.2, url: Bauman, Felix, Guido Magnaguagno, and Daniela Tobler. Giovanni Segantini, 1858-1899: Kunsthaus Zürich, 9. November 1990-3. Februar 1991. Zürich, Switzerland: Das Kunsthaus, 1990. page number: url: Chong, Alan. European & American Painting in the Cleveland Museum of Art: A Summary Catalogue. Cleveland, Ohio: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1993. page number: Reproduced: p. 220 url: D' Argencourt, Louise, and Roger Diederen. Catalogue of Paintings. Pt. 4. European Paintings of the 19th Century. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1999. page number: Mentioned and reproduced: vol. 2, p. 584-589, no. 206 url: Echte, Bernhard, and Petra Cordioli. Kunstsalon Bruno & Paul Cassirer: die Ausstellungen 1898-1901 ; ["das Beste aus aller Welt zeigen"]. Wädenswil: Nimbus, Kunst und Bücher, 2011. page number: Reproduced: p. 316 url: Segantini, Diana, Guido Magnaguagno, and Ulf Küster. Segantini. Ostfildern: Hatje Cantz, 2011. page number: Reproduced: p. 119 url: Arendsee, M., and M. Steinman-Arendsee. "Take the CAN disability aesthetics tour, at the Cleveland Museum of art." CAN Journal (Winter 2019/20): 76-87. page number: Mentioned: p. 83 url: --- IMAGES web: https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1982.124/1982.124_web.jpg print: https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1982.124/1982.124_print.jpg full: https://openaccess-cdn.clevelandart.org/1982.124/1982.124_full.tif